英語必修一Unit1 Friendship 同步練習(xí)

　?、?完形填空

　　Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed theways of mining，construction，andwarfare as the inventor of dynamite (炸藥).OnApril 12,1888，Alfred’s brother Ludwig died of heart attack.A major Frenchnewspaper 1 his brother for him and carried anarticle 2 the death of Alfred Nobel.“The merchant of death is dead，” the article read.“Dr.AlfredNobel，whobecame 3 by finding ways to kill more peoplefaster than ever before，died yesterday.”Nobel was 4 to find out not that he had died, butthat，whenhis time was up，he would bethought of only as one who profited from 5 anddestruction.

　　To make sure that he was 6 withlove and respect，Nobel arranged in his 7 togive the largest part of his money to 8 the Nobel prizes，whichwould be awarded to people who made great 9 tothe causes of peace，literature，and thesciences.So 10 ，Nobelhad to die before he realized what his life was really about.

　　1.A.foundB.misunderstood

　　C.mistook D.judged

　　解析：選C。句中提到是Alfred的兄弟的死讓人們誤以為是Alfred死了。mistake...for...誤以為……是……。

　　2.A.introducing B.announcing

　　C.implying D.advertising

　　解析：選B。報(bào)紙上“宣布”死訊用announce，即“公開宣布”的意思。

　　3.A.famous B.sick

　　C.rich D.popular

　　解析：選C。由首句“became a millionaire”以及報(bào)紙上稱他為“the merchant ofdeath”可知，Alfred是因?yàn)榘l(fā)明炸藥(即找到了比以前更快的致人死亡的殺人方式)而致富的，因此rich符合題意。

　　4.A.upset B.anxious

　　C.excited D.pleased

　　解析：選A。Alfred看到自己死亡的報(bào)道，并且報(bào)道說Alfred是通過“kill more people faster”而致富的，這當(dāng)然令他感到“upset(沮喪)”。這里應(yīng)該用一個(gè)描寫負(fù)面情緒的形容詞，所以excited與pleased應(yīng)首先排除。

　　5.A.death B.disease

　　C.trouble D.attack

　　解析：選A。他因發(fā)明炸藥而從“死亡”與毀滅中獲益。此處death與destruction對(duì)應(yīng)，上下文中也反復(fù)提到kill，death等信息詞。

　　6.A.repaid B.described

　　C.supported D.remembered

　　解析：選D。Alfred要確保自己被別人充滿愛和尊敬地“記住”，所以用be remembered。

　　7.A.book B.article

　　C.will D.contract

　　解析：選C。由“...to give the largest part of his moneyto...”可知，諾貝爾在“遺囑”中對(duì)他大部分的錢財(cái)作出了安排。

　　8.A.establish B.form

　　C.develop D.promote

　　解析：選A。根據(jù)詞組搭配與常識(shí)，應(yīng)為establish the Noble prizes(設(shè)立諾貝爾獎(jiǎng))。

　　9.A.additions B.sacrifices

　　C.changes D.contributions

　　解析：選D。make contributions to意為“對(duì)……作出貢獻(xiàn)”;make sacrifices作出犧牲。

　　10.A.generally B.basically

　　C.usually D.certainly

　　解析：選B。該題難度較大，只有充分理解了句意才能得出答案。句意：所以“從根本上來說”，諾貝爾只有死了才意識(shí)到他生活的真正意義是什么(正是因?yàn)槿藗冋`以為他死了而表達(dá)了對(duì)他否定的看法，從而讓他意識(shí)到他應(yīng)該做點(diǎn)什么才能讓人們帶著愛和尊敬記住他)。

　?、?語法填空

　　You may have noticed that you feel hungry a lot evenif you eat three meals a day.This is normal.You need to pay attention to 11 you eat.Stuffing your face with a largepackage of potato chips after class may give you a quick boost， 12 a snack that is high in fat and calories willonly slow you down in the long run. 13 (choose) healthy snacks means shoppingsmartly.Be careful of the health claims on food packages.The following are somethings to watch out for.Just because something says “allnatural” or “pure”， 14 doesn’talways mean that it’s good foryou.For example，“all natural”juice drinks or sodas can be 15 (fill) with sugar 16 isnatural.If the fat has been cut back，the amount ofsugar in the food may have been increased to keep the food 17 (taste) good.Keep 18 (health) snacks with you.Keep plenty of freshfruit at home，so you 19 take them with you when yougo out. 20 you want something salty，eatwhole grain biscuits instead of potato chips.

　　11.解析：what引導(dǎo)一個(gè)名詞性從句，作pay attention to的賓語。

　　答案：what

　　12.解析：前后兩個(gè)分句之間有轉(zhuǎn)折意思，故填but。

　　答案：but

　　13.解析：考查動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。

　　答案：Choosing

　　14.解析：it在這兒指代前面提到過的“all natural” or “pure”。

　　答案：it

　　15.解析：考查固定搭配：be filled with。

　　答案：filled

　　16.解析：因先行詞是物，故填which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句。

　　答案：which

　　17.解析：keep the food tasting good意思是“讓食物有好味道”。

　　答案：tasting

　　18.解析：snacks是名詞，名詞前面應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，故填healthy。

　　答案：healthy

　　19.解析：當(dāng)你出門的時(shí)候可以帶著它們。

　　答案：can[來源:學(xué)|科|網(wǎng)Z|X|X|K]

　　20.解析：考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。如果你想吃咸的東西，請(qǐng)吃谷物餅干，而不要吃薯片。

　　答案：If

　?、?閱讀理解

　　A

　　Many Chinese use instant messenger tools such as MSNor QQ，listento music on MP3 players and log on the Internet using ADSL—without knowing theliteral Chinese translation of the abbreviations(縮寫).

　　But they don’thave to，asmany English letters have become part of the local lexicon(詞典).

　　A dozen abbreviations including GDP，NBA，IT，MP3，QQ，DVDand CEO are among the 5,000 most?frequently used words in the Chinese?languagemedia last year，accordingto a report on the 2006 Language Situation in China，whichwas released in Beijing.

　　The report said some parents are so keen on Englishletters that recently a couple tried to name their baby “@”，claimingthe character used in e?mail addresses reflected their love for thechild.

　　While the “@” is obviously familiar to Chinese e?mail users，theyoften use the English word “at” to pronounce it，which soundssomething like “ai ta”，or “l(fā)ovehim”，to Mandarin(普通話)speakers.

　　The study collected more than one billion languagesamples from newspapers，magazines，TV，radioand websites.The annual report is compiled (編輯) by theMinistry of Education and the State Language Commission.[來源:Zxxk.Com]

　　“Nowadays，moreand more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese，makingthem an important part of the contemporary language，”said Hou Min，a professor atCommunication University of China.

　　“The abbreviations have gainedpopularity because of the convenience of usage，”Housaid.

　　For example，DNA is muchsimpler to use than its Chinese version tuoyang hetang hesuan.

　　“As more Chinesepeople learn foreign languages，especially English，in recent years，usingabbreviations has become a trend among educated people，”she said.

　　Some language scholars fear such usage will contaminate the purity of Chinese and cause confusion incommunication.

　　21.Why do so many Chinese like to use English abbreviations?

　　A.Because they don’thave to know the literal Chinese translation.

　　B.Because that’s abetter way to learn English.

　　C.Because these abbreviations are part of their locallexicon.

　　D.Because it’sconvenient for them to use the abbreviations.

　　解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第八段和第九段可以看出選D項(xiàng)。

　　22.A couple want to name their child “@”because of its __________.[來源:學(xué)*科*網(wǎng)Z*X*X*K]

　　A.popularity B.pronunciation

　　C.meaning D.usage

　　解析：選B。推理判斷題。由文章第四段和第五段的內(nèi)容我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這對(duì)夫婦用@的發(fā)音來表達(dá)對(duì)孩子的愛意。

　　23.The underlined word “contaminate” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

　　A.make impure B.smoothaway

　　C.make clear D.make up

　　解析：選A。詞義猜測(cè)題。從文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可以看出人們擔(dān)心這樣使用語言會(huì)“污染、弄臟”中文的純凈性。所以這里選A項(xiàng)。

　　24.The usage of English abbreviations will be ________in China.

　　A.limited by the Ministry of Education

　　B.encouraged by most language scholars

　　C.more popular among educated people

　　D.officially forbidden by the government

　　解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可以看出選C項(xiàng)。

　　25.The passage aims to tell us ________.

　　A.English abbreviations become popular in China

　　B.English abbreviations will take the place ofMandarin

　　C.the arguments about English abbreviations[來源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)Z#X#X#K]

　　D.how we can use abbreviations properly

　　解析：選A。主旨大意題。從全文可知，本篇文章主要告訴我們現(xiàn)在有越來越多的英文縮寫在中國得到了廣泛的使用。由此可以推斷選A項(xiàng)。

　　B

　　If you are a male and you are reading this，congratulations:you are a survivor.According to statistics，you are morethan twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman，andnine times more likely to die of AIDS.Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term，about78 years for men in Australia，you will die on average five years before a woman.

　　There are many reasons for this-typically，mentake more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhapsmore importantly，men don’toften go to the doctor.

　　Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50?year?old man whohad delayed doing anything about his smoker’scough for a year.

　　“When I finallysaw him，ithad already spread and he has since died from lung cancer，”he says.“Earlierdetection and treatment may not have cured him，but it wouldhave prolonged his life.”

　　“A lot of menthink they are invincible (不可戰(zhàn)勝的)，”Gullottasays. “They only comein when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think，‘Geez，if it could happen to him，__________.’”

　　Then there is the ostrich approach，“some men are scared of what might be there and wouldrather not know，”says Dr.Ross Cartmill.

　　“Most men gettheir cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies，” Cartmill says.He believes most diseases thatcommonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check?ups.

　　Regular check?ups for men would unavoidably placestrain on the public purse，Cartmill says.“Butprevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases.Besides，thefinal cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”

　　26.The average life of Australian women is ________.

　　A.about 75 years B.about73 years

　　C.about 78 years D.about83 years

　　解析：選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話可知女性的平均壽命比男性的平均壽命長(zhǎng)五年，而男性的平均壽命大約是78歲，因此女性的平均壽命就大約是83歲。

　　27.What does the author state is the most importantreason that men die earlier on average than women?

　　A.Men drink and smoke much more than women.

　　B.Men don’tseek medical care as often as women.[來源:學(xué)_科_網(wǎng)]

　　C.Men aren’t ascautious as women in face of danger.

　　D.Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.

　　解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知最主要的原因是男性不太喜歡看醫(yī)生。由此可知，B項(xiàng)符合題意。

　　28.Which of the following best completes the sentence“Geez，if it could happen to him，________”?

　　A.it could happen to me，too.

　　B.I should avoid playing golf.

　　C.I should consider myself lucky.

　　D.it would be a big misfortune.

　　解析：選A。邏輯推理題。結(jié)合上下文內(nèi)容可知這時(shí)他們便會(huì)想：既然這種事情能夠發(fā)生在他身上，那就也有可能發(fā)生在我身上?？梢夾項(xiàng)最合理。

　　29.What does the underlined phrase “ ostrich approach”mean?

　　A.A casual attitude towards one’s health conditions.

　　B.A new illness for certain psychological problems.

　　C.Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of thepain involved.

　　D.Unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear.

　　解析：選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后面的描述可推知，文中劃線詞組的意思是因?yàn)楹ε掠袉栴}所以不愿意知道。

　　30.What does Cartmill say about regular check?ups formen?

　　A.They may increase public expenses.

　　B.They will save money in the long run.

　　C.They may cause psychological strains on men.

　　D.They will enable men to live as long as women.

　　解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，雖然通常的體檢會(huì)花錢，可是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，這比生病時(shí)花錢治病要省錢，由此可知，B項(xiàng)正確。