1800年以后，隨著英國(guó)殖民地的擴(kuò)張，殖民地語(yǔ)言也很大程度影響了英語(yǔ)的發(fā)展，從而形成了現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)。以下是小編準(zhǔn)備的一些外研社版九年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)電子課本，僅供參考。

外研社版九年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)電子課本

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九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)期中下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1. must

(1)must 表示主觀看法，意為“必須”。

如：You must stay here until I come back.

Must I hand in my homework right now?

對(duì)must引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答為must，否定回答為needn’t 或don’t have to .

如：—Must I finish my homework?

—No, you needn’t.

(2)must也可以表示有把握的推測(cè)，意為“ 一定，肯定”，用于肯定句。

如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.

其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止,不許”。

如：You mustn’t play with fire.

You mustn’t be late.

2. could

(1)can的過(guò)去式，意為“能、會(huì)”，表示過(guò)去的能力。

如：He could write poems when he was 10.

(2)could在疑問(wèn)句中，表示委婉請(qǐng)求的語(yǔ)氣，此時(shí)could沒(méi)有過(guò)去式的意思。

如:Could you do me a favour?

—Could I use your pen?

—Yes, you can.(注意回答)

3. might

might為may的過(guò)去式。might表示推測(cè)時(shí)，表示可能性低于may(此時(shí)might沒(méi)有過(guò)去式的意思)，當(dāng)請(qǐng)求講時(shí)，比may的語(yǔ)氣更委婉。

He is away from school. He might be sick.

Might I use your dictionary?

4. can

(1)表示能力，一般譯為“能、會(huì)”，尤其指生來(lái)具備的能力。

如：She can swim fast, but I can’t .

(2)表示許可，常在口語(yǔ)中。

如：You can use my dictionary.

(3)表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，此時(shí)can’t譯為“不可能”。

如：—Can the news be true?

—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.

九年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題及答案

第一部分：聽力部分(20分)

一、情景反應(yīng)。

( ) 1. A. On Sunday. B. On April 3rd. C. At 6p.m.

( ) 2. A. Yes, I think so. B. No, thanks. C. Yes, please.

( ) 3. A. Sorry, I can’t. B. Yes, here you are. C. No, you aren’t.

( ) 4. A. I’m sorry to hear that. B. Have a good time. C. Goodbye.

( ) 5. A. B. C.

二、對(duì)話理解。(5分)

( ) 6. A. He is an artist. B. He is a doctor. C. He is a teacher.

( ) 7. A. He is tall. B. He is thin. C. He is fat.

( ) 8. A. For 30 minutes. B. For 40 minutes. C. For 50 minutes.

( ) 9. A. To the theater. B. To the beach. C. To the countryside.

( ) 10. A. The first one. B. The second one. C. The third one.

三、短文理解。(5分)

( )11.When did Bobbi McCaughey have her babies?

A. In 1996 B. In1997 C. In 1998

( ) 12. How many girls did Bobbi have?

A. Seven B. Four C. Three

( )13. Who called to celebrate Bobbi and her husband?

A. The pre sident. B. The volunteers. C. The popular singers.

( ) 14. How long did the volunteers help the family?

A. For two months. B. For five months. C. For eight months.

( ) 15.What helped the family with the high cost?

A. A new house. B.A CD. C. Food

四、聽對(duì)話選擇正確信息填表。

Name Subjects she or he likes Be interested in Good or not good at Not like

John English and French learning 16 ×numbers math

Nancy History and geography learning about 17 ∨drawing maps

×doing experiments 18

Daniel 19 drawing ∨drawing 20 math

( ) 16. A. music B. languages C. numbers

( ) 17. A. foreign nations B. famous cities C. different countries

( ) 18. A. physics B. chemistry C. science

( ) 19. A. math B. art C. P.E.

( ) 20. A. people B. plants C. animals

第二部分 筆試部分(100分)

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題。(15分)

( ) 21. There is still ________ water in the bottle.It's enough for both o f us.

A.a little　　　　 B. little　　　　 C.few　　　　D.a few

( ) 22. – Why did they help Mrs Brown with her work?

– Because she was _____.

A. an old friend of them B. the friend of them

C. a the their friend D. a good friend of theirs

( ) 23. There _____ an American film “Titanic” in the cinema next Sunday.

A. puts on B. will have C. is going to be D. is going to have

( ) 24. Tom isn’t _________ Jack.

A. tall as　　 　B. so tall as C. the taller than　　D the tallest than

( )25. I was late for class yesterday __________ there was something wrong with my bike.

A. when　　　　B. that　　　 C. because　　　　 D. until

( ) 26. What makes you __________ it's going to rain tomorrow?

A. to think　　　　 B. think　　　　　C. thought　　　D. thinking

( ) 27. ________delicious food it is!

A. How　　　　　 B. How a　　　　 C. What a　　 D. What

( ) 28. Eight ________ students in our school are from countryside.

A hundreds B hundred C hundreds of D hundred of

( ) 29 There is ________ in today’s newspaper.

A something important B important something

C anything important D important anything

( ) 30. June 1st is________ Day. All the children enjoy it very much.

A Children B Childrens’ C Children’s D Child

( ) 31. Jim never goes to the movies on Saturday, ________?

A does Jim B doesn’t Jim C doesn’t he D does he

( ) 32. ----- ________ the weather like last Monday?

-----It was sunny.

A How was B What’s C What was D How is

( ) 33. ----- ________do you visit your grandparents?

-------Once a month.

A How soon B How long C How much D How often

( ) 34. —Would you like some drinks, boys?

—Yes, ____ , please.

A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolate

C. some cakes D. two boxes of cola

( ) 35. ---- If you have any trouble, be sure to call me.

---- _______.

A. I am sorry to hear that B. I will. Thank you very much

C. I have no trouble D. I will think it over

二、 完形填空(10分)

A traveler came out of the airport. There were a lot of 36 . He asked every taxi - driver's name. Then he took the third one. it 37 5 dollars to go from the airport to the hotel. " 38 does it take to hire(雇請(qǐng)) you for the whole day?" The man asked. "100 dollars." said the taxi-driver. This was very 39 , but the man agreed. Then the taxi - driver showed him all the parks and museums in the city.. In the evening they went 40 to the hotel. The traveler gave the taxi -driver 100 dollars and said, " What about tomorrow?" The taxi -driver 41 the man and said, "Tomorrow? That will be 42 100 dollars. " Bu t the man said it was OK. The taxi –driver was very. 43 to be getting more money.

The next evening, after taking the traveler to visit the same parks and museum, the tad - driver 44 another 100 dollars, he felt guilty(內(nèi)疚的) became 100 dollars a day was a lot of money. "So you're from New York," said the taxi -driver. "I have a 45 in New York. Her name is Susan. Do you know her?" "Sure. She gave me 200 dollars to give you!"

( )36. A. trains B. boats C. taxis

( )37. A. cost B. paid C. spent

( )38. A. How many B. How long C. How much

( )39. A. cheap B. low C. expensive

( )40. A. for B. back C, across

( )41. A. looked at B. looked after C. looked for

( )42. A. the other B. another C. other

( )43. A. angry B. unhappy C. pleased

( )44. A. received B. gave C. borrowed

( )45. A. brother B. son C. sister

三、從方框內(nèi)選擇選項(xiàng)，完成對(duì)話。(5分)

A：Hello, this is Damao here.Is that Mary?

B：Yes.speaking.

A：Mary.The happy weekend is coming.46

B：Yes.I’m not busy at all.I’ve already finished my homework.

A：47

B：I've no ideas.What about you?

A：Let me see.We’d better do something interesting and helpful.48

B：Certainly.Where?

A：In the new museum.

B：Oh, I remember.I heard of it last week.49

A：By bike.It ’s Saturday tomorrow.The traffic must be heavy，I think.

B：I agree. 50

A：At the gate of our school at nine in the morning.

B：OK.See you then.

A. When and where shall we meet?

B. How shall we get there?

C. What are you going to do?

D. Are you free tomorrow?

E. Would you like to see some old things with us?

46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

四、閱讀理解。(四篇，每題2分，共40分)

A

Three Things to Do Before You Are 18

Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are 18, because after that it’s too late.

Learn to swim

Seriously, this is so important that it can save your life. If you can’t swim well, you won’t be able to do water sports like waterskiing, surfing and diving. Even taking a boat trip will be dan gerous for you. Make sure you do it.

Try at least one kind of team sports

Being a good team player is an imp ortant skill in life. You can’t just think of yourself, but have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports like basketball, football and baseball are that they keep you fit and healthy, and they are also great fun. Teams usually have a good social life too – you’ll go to lots of parties and make many friends.

Collect something

One of the best hobbies for under – 18s is collecting things. You could collect kinds of stamps, or you could collect things that make you remember what you have done, like cinema tickets for films you have seen or emails from friends. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won’t for get.

( )51. The most important reason for learning to swim is that _________.

A. it can save your life B. it can make you healthy

C. you might easily do lots of things

( )52.“A good social life” in the passage means____________.

A. you’ll study in groups

B. you’ll go to parties and make many friends

C. you’ll take part in many matches

( )53. The writer tells us that one of the best hobbies is to___________ .

A. collect something B. do some water sports

C. send emails to your friends

( )54. What kind of collection is NOT mentioned(提及) in the passage?

A. stamps B. cinema tickets C. snowballs

( )55. The passage is mainly about ____________ before you are 18.

A. good habits to keep B. skills to have C. things to do

B

Mr. Green and his wife had a dog. When they went out, they always left the dog inside the house. One evening they wanted to go to the cinema, so they left the dog in the house and locked the door and their garden gate. They went off in their car.

When the film was finished, they went home. They opened the gate and put the car away. When they came to the front door, they found that the glass in the door was broken. The door was not locked and it was open. A robber(強(qiáng)盜)! They went in and quickly looked in all the rooms to see if the robber had taken their things. However, everything was in the right place and nothing at all was missing.

The dog was sleeping in the sitting-room. The wife was angry with the dog. “Why didn’t you guard(保衛(wèi))the house?” she said. The dog was pleased to see Mr. and Mrs. Green. It began to wag(搖)its tail and then it went to a comer of the room and picked up something in its mouth. It went to the wife and dropped the thing at her feet. When she went to pick it up, she was very surprised. Can you guess what the dog’s present was? It was a man’s finger!

The end of the story is this. Mr. Green telephoned the police and told them everything. Three days later the police caught the robber. They found him easily.

( )56.That evening Mr. Green and his wife __________.

A. took their dog to see a film

B. left the dog alone at home

C. went home before the film was finished

D. locked the door and could not open it

( )57.The robber stole(偷)__________.

A. everything from the house

B. something expensive from the house

C. nothing from the house

D. a car from the house

( )58. Why was the woman angry with the dog? _________

A. Because she thought it had made the room dirty.

B. Because she thought it had broken the glass.

C. Because it wouldn’t go to the cinema with her.

D. Because she thought it hadn’t guarded the house.

( )59. The robber was caught easily because __________.

A. the police knew him

B. the police happened to meet him

C. Mr. Green know where he lived

D. he had one of his fingers

( )60. Mr. Green and his wife would _________.

A. like their dog more than before

B. drive the dog away from their home

C. let the dog bring home more presents

D. ask the police to take the dog away

C

Pearl and June were good friends and spent most of their time together.

They were both very old and they worried about their health. Most of the time they talked about nothing else.

They worried about their food. Was it clean? Would it give them pains in the stomach?

They worried about the weather. Was it too cold and wet? Would it give them pains in their bones?

They worried about pollution in the air. would it give them pains in their chests(胸部)and throats(喉嚨)?

They worried about being hurt in a car accident, killed in a plane crash, getting sick, and so on.

All they could think about was being ill or hurt.

One day they went on a train journey together.

“We’ll need some food,”Pearl said.

“We’ll buy some bananas,”June said.“They are good to eat and always clean.”

And so they bought two bananas to eat on the train.

It was not long before they were hungry.

Pearl took out the bananas and gave one to June. Then she peeled(剝)the skin of her banana and took a large bite of it.

At that moment the train went into a tunnel(隧道). Everything went black.“Don’t eat your banana,”Pearl shouted at June.“Mine has made me go blind!”

( )61. What did the two old ladies talk about most of the time? _________

A. Themselves. B. Other people. C. Healthy food. D. Dangerous drivers.

( )62. The old ladies didn’t want to ______.

A. eat any bananas B. travel by train

C. be young again D. get sick

( )63. Pearl ate her banana ________.

A. after they came out of the tunnel B. at the station

C. before June ate hers D. before she was hungry

( )64. Pearl thought that the banana _______.

A. stopped her from seeing B. would make her hungry

C. would make her ill D. would be good for June

( )65. What’s the best title of the story? __________.

A. What Good Friends B. What a Bad Train Journey

C. Bananas Are Good for You D. Bananas Are Bad for You

D

It is good to keep animals in zoos. Zoos are places for people to see many different kinds of animals from all over the world. Without zoos, most people would never see a real tiger or bear. Secondly, zoos look after the animals very well. The animals are always given food and cleaned on time. In the wild, it is not always possible for an animal to find food, so sometimes it goes hungry. Thirdly, zoos protect the animals. They offer them safe place to live in. In the wild, some kinds of animals are in danger of becoming extinct (滅絕).But zoos give these animals a chance to live. Without zoos, there would be fewer kinds of animals in the world.

However, some people think it is unnatural (非自然的) and unfair(不公平的) to keep wild(野生的) animals in cages. Most animals are kept in cages that are too small for them. The animals such as bears and tigers always look sad in cages. Wild animals should look for their own food. Anyone would not feel happy if he isn't allowed (允許) to go outside his home and animals don't like it either.

判斷正誤(正確T錯(cuò)誤F)

( )66. If you don't go t o a zoo, you can't see dogs.

( )67. In the zoos, all animals are happy.

( )68. In the wild, animals look for their own food.

( )69. According to(根據(jù)) the last sentence, we can say animals like to stay in the cages.

( )70. The writer is not sure whether it is better for animals to stay in Zoos.

五.選擇方框內(nèi)的單詞填入短文，使短文意思通順，并注意是否需要改變形式。(8分)

two, between, use, easy, know, he, ago, stay

At 8:30 this morning the body of a man was found. Someone murdered (謀殺) _____71_____. A small knife was found near the body. The murderer might _72_________ that knife. The police doctor said, “The man died about eight hours _73________.” So the murder had possibly happened_74________ midnight and one o’clock.

The police questioned three men. They didn’t tell the men about the murder.

The first man said he had been at home the whole evening. He had watched television and went to bed early.

The ___75_______ man told the police that he had spent the evening 76_________ with some friends. They had been to the cinema together. He got home at about eleven o’clock.

The third man said he ___77______ nothing about the murder. He told the police, “And I have not owned a knife. I was sleeping at midnight. I didn’t murder Jim Wilson.” The police ___78_______ found who the murder was!

71. 72. 73. 74. 75.

76. 77. 78.

六、 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列句子，每空一詞。(10分,每小題2分)

79. 我總是認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。

I always think it important learn English ______.

80. 如果這個(gè)星期天不下雨，他們將去長(zhǎng)城。

They go to the Great Wall if it rain this Sunday.

81. 昨天晚上那個(gè)女孩的媽媽回來(lái)的時(shí)候，她正在玩電腦游戲。

The girl computer games when her mother came back last night.

82. 孩子們，請(qǐng)隨便吃水果。

Boys and girls, __________ ___________ to some fruit.

83.他們的老師不但會(huì)講英語(yǔ)，而且還會(huì)講日語(yǔ)。

Their teacher can speak ______ English ______Japanese.

七.書面表達(dá)。(12分)

兩個(gè)多月后就要中考了，作為初三的學(xué)生，我們正在努力學(xué)習(xí)為中考作準(zhǔn)備。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容用英語(yǔ)寫一篇80詞左右的短文。

要點(diǎn)：(1)作業(yè)多，壓力大。(2)不抱怨，不放棄任何一門學(xué)科。(3)睡眠不足，充分利用時(shí)間。(4)鍛煉少，身體差。(5)每天鍛煉半小時(shí)，吃健康的食物。

要求：(1)內(nèi)容包括所提供的信息及要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，但不要逐條翻譯;

(2)不得透露考生姓名、學(xué)校等信息。

The Senior School Entrance Examination is coming, we are studying hard to prepare for it.

筆試部分：21-25 ADCBC 26-30 BDBAC 31-35 DCDDB 36-40 CACCB 41-45 ABCAC 46-50 DCEBA 51-55 ABACC 56-60 BCDDA 61-65 CDCAD 66-70 FFTFT 71. him 72. use 73. ago 74. between 75. second 76. staying 77. knew 78. easily 79. to well 80.will doesn’t 81. was playing 82. help yourselves 83. both and

書面表達(dá)：

B)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：

1..評(píng)分時(shí)先根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，初步確定其所屬檔次，然后根據(jù)該檔次的要求衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。

本大題滿分為10分，不設(shè)小數(shù)點(diǎn)以下分值。按四個(gè)檔次給分。

2.評(píng)分檔次：

一檔 10分 必須有標(biāo)題，包含所有要點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用了較豐富的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯， 用詞準(zhǔn)確、語(yǔ)法正確、句子通順、行文連貫、表達(dá)清楚，具有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。

二檔 7-9分 基本包含所有要點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用了較豐富的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，句子較通順，表達(dá)較清楚，但有少量錯(cuò)誤。

三檔 4-6分 內(nèi)容包含了多數(shù)要點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單，句子不夠通順，有部分語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，基本上不影響總體理解。

四檔 0-3分 只寫出與要求的內(nèi)容相關(guān)的一些信息詞語(yǔ)、包含少數(shù)要點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)言不規(guī)范、錯(cuò)誤多。句子無(wú)條理，行文不連貫，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤嚴(yán)重，影響理解。

3.注意事項(xiàng)：

1).語(yǔ)法、詞匯、拼寫、大小寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤，每個(gè)扣0.25，每個(gè)要點(diǎn)分值扣完為止。

2).所漏要點(diǎn)按該要點(diǎn)總分值扣除。

3).與本題無(wú)關(guān)的句子或短文，概不給分。

4).不同形式的正確表達(dá)均可得分。

5).文中若出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名，扣2分。

※ 注：試卷最后總分時(shí)，以整分計(jì)算。

九年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)計(jì)劃

九年級(jí)下學(xué)期這一階段的復(fù)習(xí)工作十分關(guān)鍵。面對(duì)著升學(xué)的壓力和任務(wù)，面對(duì)著這兩個(gè)班學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)程度相差很大的實(shí)際情況。我們要更加深入地研究教材，根據(jù)學(xué)科特點(diǎn)及學(xué)生特點(diǎn)研究切實(shí)可行的課堂教學(xué)模式和復(fù)習(xí)模式。同時(shí)，要進(jìn)行分層次教學(xué)。對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)好的學(xué)生要加大知識(shí)的容量，拓展知識(shí)的層面，使他們更上一層樓;對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)較差的學(xué)生要因勢(shì)利導(dǎo)，因材施教，使他們?cè)谠械幕A(chǔ)上有所提高、有所收獲，為將來(lái)的學(xué)習(xí)打好基礎(chǔ)。

一、學(xué)生情況分析

從本次期末的第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)的成績(jī)來(lái)看，九年級(jí)(7)、(8)兩班學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)情況和其他幾個(gè)班級(jí)很相似，學(xué)生英語(yǔ)水平普遍較差，成績(jī)好的不多，部分學(xué)生已經(jīng)對(duì)英語(yǔ)失去了信心，還有一部分學(xué)生覺(jué)得英語(yǔ)越來(lái)越難，漸漸力不從心了，不感興趣了，發(fā)言也不是很活躍。針對(duì)這種情況，教學(xué)的時(shí)候需要注意在備課中增加趣味性，以此來(lái)提高學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣，同時(shí)注意在面對(duì)絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生時(shí)，注重打好基礎(chǔ)，從最基本的東西抓起，避免拔苗助長(zhǎng)。

二、具體目標(biāo)和措施：

針對(duì)以上實(shí)際情況，我準(zhǔn)備從以下幾個(gè)方面著手，調(diào)整教學(xué)目標(biāo)和教學(xué)措施：

1、繼續(xù)針對(duì)中考題型的要求，確定如何努力提高學(xué)生語(yǔ)言技能：

聽力方面：能聽懂課文大致內(nèi)容;能抓住簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)段中的觀點(diǎn);回答比較簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題。說(shuō)即口語(yǔ)表達(dá)方面：能使用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)調(diào)和節(jié)奏表達(dá)課文大意;能經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備就一般話題作短暫表達(dá)。

閱讀理解方面是個(gè)重點(diǎn)，要求能理解閱讀材料中不同的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度;能通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)理解難句和長(zhǎng)句;加強(qiáng)閱讀理解的`訓(xùn)練。

寫作：能簡(jiǎn)單寫出連貫且結(jié)構(gòu)較完整的句子，能在寫作文中基本做到文體較規(guī)范、語(yǔ)句較通順;能夠較好的達(dá)到中招考試對(duì)大多數(shù)學(xué)生的要求。

2、中招考試，既要突出重點(diǎn)，又要顧及全面，堅(jiān)決堅(jiān)持分類教學(xué)，分層推進(jìn)的教學(xué)思想，使各類學(xué)生都能學(xué)有所獲，都能有所提高。針對(duì)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)普遍較差的情況，從基礎(chǔ)抓起，抓好英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。逐步做到語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)自然、得體;運(yùn)用詞匯描述比較復(fù)雜的事物、行為和特征，說(shuō)明概念，進(jìn)一步掌握描述時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方位的表達(dá)方式等;盡可能學(xué)會(huì)使用規(guī)定的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或固定搭配，掌握基本句型和時(shí)態(tài)。避免平時(shí)考試中的常見性錯(cuò)誤，提高學(xué)生應(yīng)對(duì)考試的能力。

對(duì)于程度較好的同學(xué)，要逐一進(jìn)行分析、談話，摸清他們的特點(diǎn)、思想和看法，有的放矢，促其進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。

3、與其他各科教師搞好配合。使得每一個(gè)學(xué)生都能夠全面發(fā)展，不至于出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的偏科現(xiàn)象。

要面向全體學(xué)生，關(guān)注每個(gè)學(xué)生的情感，激發(fā)他們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣，幫助他們建立學(xué)習(xí)的成就感和自信心，使他們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中發(fā)展綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，提高人文素養(yǎng)，增強(qiáng)實(shí)踐能力，培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神。在此基礎(chǔ)上突出學(xué)生主體，尊重個(gè)體差異，讓學(xué)生在老師的指導(dǎo)下構(gòu)建知識(shí)，提高技能，發(fā)展心智和拓展視野。