考研英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)筆記
考研英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)筆記
翻碩復(fù)習(xí)的一大重頭戲就是詞匯，而詞匯量是巨大的，必須要有日常的積累和復(fù)習(xí)，并且掌握科學(xué)的記憶方法，才能最有效地積累詞匯量。下面是關(guān)于英語(yǔ)詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)筆記，以供大家參考。
（1）
1. bereave：使某人喪失(尤指親屬) bereave sb of sb an accident which bereaved him of his wife 使他喪失妻子的事故
the bereaved husband 死了妻子的男人
the bereaved 喪失親人的人
bereavement(n)：?jiǎn)视H之痛，喪失親人
deprive：take sth away from sb;prevent sb from enjoying or using sth 剝奪 sb/sth 的 sth;阻止某人
享有或使用 sth
deprive sb/sth of sth
deprive of one's civil rights 剝奪某人的公民權(quán) deprivation(n)：剝奪;貧困;被剝奪的事物 widespread deprivation 普遍貧困
Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.錯(cuò)失假日是極大的損失。
deprived(adj)：貧困的，窮苦的 deprived childhood 貧苦的童年
2. abdomen：part of the body below the chest and diaphragm,containing the stomach. 腹部
abdominal(adj) 腹部的 an abdominal operation 腹部手術(shù)
belly：(口)front of the human body from the waist to the groin;belly 肚子，胃
with an empty belly 空著肚子
in the belly of a ship 在船腹里
belly out(動(dòng)詞用法)：鼓漲，凸出 The wind bellied out the sails
3.consecrate：devote sth/sb to or reserve sth/sb for a special (esp religious) purpose 把 sth/sb 獻(xiàn)給
sth/sb 做某種(尤其宗教)用途 consecrate sth/sb to sth
consecrate one's life to the service of God,to the relief of suffering 獻(xiàn)身于為神服務(wù)(解除世人痛苦) 的事業(yè)
devote：give one's time,energy to sth/sb; dedicate 為某人付出，向某人奉獻(xiàn)，獻(xiàn)身于 devote
oneself/sth to sb/sth
devoted(adj)：熱愛(ài)的，非常忠實(shí)的，全心全意的 a devoted son 孝子
She is devoted to her children. 她深?lèi)?ài)她的孩子。 devotee(n)：獻(xiàn)身于某事物的人，熱心者，某事物的迷戀者;某一宗派的擁護(hù)者 a devotee of sport devotion(n)： devotion to sth/sb 深?lèi)?ài)，忠心，忠誠(chéng)
4.evoke：bring to mind(a feeling,memory) 引起或喚起情感，記憶 produce or cause(a response ,reaction) 產(chǎn)生或引起(回應(yīng)，反應(yīng)) evocation(n)：
invoke：use as a reason for one's action 援用(sth)為行動(dòng)依據(jù)或理由
beg for sth by praying 以禱告祈求某事物
The government has invoked the Official Secrets Act in having thebook banned.政府援引國(guó)家機(jī)密保
密法以禁該書(shū)。
invocation(n): invocation to sb 求助于神或法律
5.groove：溝，槽，紋
習(xí)語(yǔ)：get into a groove 養(yǎng)成某種生活習(xí)慣
furrow：犁溝，壟溝
(v)(尤用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))犁，使起皺紋
newly furrowed fields 剛犁過(guò)的田地
6.prowl：小心的悄悄移動(dòng);悄悄行經(jīng)(某處);~ about/around 徘徊
wild animals prowling in the forest 在森林里輕輕行走的野獸
I could hear him prowling around in his bedroom all night.我聽(tīng)到他整夜在臥室里踱來(lái)踱去。
rove：漂泊，流浪，漫游
bands of hooligans roving round the streets 成群結(jié)伙在街上游蕩的流氓
習(xí)語(yǔ)：have a roving eye 時(shí)刻尋找著調(diào)情或做風(fēng)流事的機(jī)會(huì)
7.jolt：(使某人某物)顛簸著移動(dòng)
The old bus jolted along 舊公共汽車(chē)顛簸而行
jolt sb into/out of sth：使某人受到震驚而采取某種行動(dòng)
He was jolted out of his lethargy and into action when he realized he had only a short time to finish the article.他意識(shí)到須在很短的時(shí)間里就得把文章寫(xiě)完，立即振作精神寫(xiě)起來(lái)。
joggle：使某人/某物輕輕搖動(dòng)
8.obsolete：不再使用的，過(guò)時(shí)的
antiquated：(通常做貶義)過(guò)時(shí)的，廢棄的
9.scoop：用鏟、勺挖
scoop sth out \up 鏟出，挖出
shovel：用鏟鏟進(jìn) shovel sth into
10.：sue 對(duì)某人提起訴訟，控告某人 sue sb for sth 控告某人要求 sth
If you don't complete the work, I will sue you for damages.如果你不把工作做完，我就要控告你支付 賠償。
sue for sth (常用于法庭上)請(qǐng)求 sue for peace 請(qǐng)求和解
indict：(就某事)控告，起訴或告發(fā)某人 indict sb for sth
He was indicted for murder.他被控殺人。
11.status：地位 身份 職位 situation：狀況，處境，局面，形勢(shì) 位置 situation comedy 情景喜劇
(2)
1. bandit： member of a gang of armed robbers 土匪 強(qiáng)盜 banditry(n)：盜匪行徑 brigand：(舊)土匪，強(qiáng)盜(尤指在山林中搶劫旅客的)
2. commemorate ：keep a great person or event in people‘s memories 紀(jì)念(偉人，大事件等); 指(雕像，紀(jì)念碑等)作為對(duì)某人某事的紀(jì)念
We commemorate the founding of our nation with a public holiday。我們放假一天以慶祝國(guó)慶。
This memorial commemorates those who died in the war。這座紀(jì)念碑是紀(jì)念戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的犧牲者的。 celebrate：mark (a hapy or important day，event)with festivities and rejoicing 慶祝，祝賀 celebrated(adj)：著名的，馳名的
3. defile：(文或修辭)make sth dirty or impure 使某物骯臟或不純
rivers defiled by pollution 受污染的河流
(特) march in single file or a narrow column 指部隊(duì)單行或縱隊(duì)前進(jìn)
defilement(n)：污損，弄臟
infect：(尤用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))使某人/某物傳染，感染，污染某人/某物 infect sb/sth with
The laboratory animals had been infected with the bacteria。實(shí)驗(yàn)室的動(dòng)物都已受到這種細(xì)菌的感 染。
infection(n)：～ with sth 傳染，感染 the infection of the body with bacteria 身體受細(xì)菌侵染。
4. deviation：(～ from sth ) not following the normal or expected course、plan 偏離正?；蛟?的路線(xiàn)，計(jì)劃 ;偏差
deviation from the rules 違背規(guī)則
deviate(v)：(～ from sth )偏離路線(xiàn)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn);背離
deviationism(n)：政治上的離經(jīng)叛道
delegate：(～ sb to sth )挑選或委派某人作代表;挑選或委派某人執(zhí)行;將(權(quán)利、職責(zé)) 委托給下級(jí)，授權(quán)給;
delegate sb to a conference 委托某人作代表出席會(huì)議
The new manager was delegated toreorganize the department。派這位新經(jīng)理重新組織該部門(mén)。 The job had to be delegated to an assistant。這項(xiàng)工作得交給助手去做。 delegation(n)：代表，委托
5. fortitude：(在痛苦、危險(xiǎn)或困難面前表現(xiàn)出的)勇氣、堅(jiān)韌和自制力
He bore the pain with great fortitude。他以極大得毅力忍受了痛苦。
endurance：忍耐力
He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness。他生病得整個(gè)過(guò)程都表現(xiàn)出非凡的忍耐 力。
(特)endurance 作定語(yǔ) endurance test 耐力測(cè)驗(yàn)
endurable(adj)可忍耐的，可容忍的 enduring(adj)持續(xù)的，持久的
6. inconsolable：that cannot be comforted 不能安慰的，無(wú)法慰藉的
The children were inconsolable when their father died。這些孩子因?yàn)閱矢付瘋灰选?console sb on/for sth 安慰，慰問(wèn)某人 Nothing could console him when his pet died。 consolatory(adj)：安慰的，慰問(wèn)的
depress(v)：make sb sad and without enthusiasm 使某人憂(yōu)愁、消沉、沮喪;將某物壓下，推 下，拉下;(尤指貿(mào)易)不活躍，不景氣
Wet weather always depresses me。我在陰雨天總是心灰意懶。 depress a piano key 按下鋼琴鍵
depress sales 使銷(xiāo)售額下降
depressed(adj)：憂(yōu)愁的，沮喪的，消沉的 depressing(adj)：令人憂(yōu)愁的，使人沮喪的
7. nibble：(～ at sth)小口咬某物，輕咬;對(duì)(好意，提議)謹(jǐn)慎的表示有意接受
fish nibbling (at) the bait 魚(yú)輕咬魚(yú)餌
He nibbled at my idea， but would not make a definite decision。他對(duì)我的想法頗感興趣，但不做 出決定。
bite：(～ into sth) 咬某人(某物)
She bit into the apple。她咬了一口蘋(píng)果。
8. pageant：盛裝的游行，露天演出的歷史劇;壯麗的場(chǎng)面，偉觀
pageantry(n)：壯麗的展示，盛況
exhibition：展覽，展覽會(huì)
(習(xí)語(yǔ))make an exhibition of oneself(貶)當(dāng)中出丑，出洋相
9. scourge：(用以打人的)鞭子;(比喻)引起災(zāi)害的事物或人
(v)鞭打
The new boss was the scourge of the inefficient。新老板來(lái)了以后，不稱(chēng)職的人就遭殃。
disaster：災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍;失敗;(口語(yǔ))徹底失敗的人或事物 As a teacher， he is a disaster。他是個(gè)很糟糕的教師。 disastrous(adj)：災(zāi)難性的，造成災(zāi)害的，失敗的
10. tumble：使某人倒下或墜落(尤指身不由己或猛勁兒)，但通常并無(wú)重傷
tumble down the stairs 從樓梯上摔下
fall：落下，跌落
fall down/over ：倒下(尤指突然間)，倒塌
fall away/off 向下傾斜
fall into sth 進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)，變成
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