英語(yǔ)作文雅思教學(xué)解析級(jí)范文

　　編者按：大家都知道雅思分?jǐn)?shù)不夠在英國(guó)是要讀語(yǔ)言班的，而語(yǔ)言班的教學(xué)內(nèi)容并不是英語(yǔ)。

　　大家都知道雅思作文評(píng)分的四大標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，簡(jiǎn)而言之，審題、邏輯、詞匯、語(yǔ)法。

　　改過(guò)這么多篇各種各樣的作文，大部分學(xué)生的主要問(wèn)題并不是語(yǔ)法，詞匯，也不是審題，而是邏輯問(wèn)題?？吹竭@大家都問(wèn)了：“邏輯不就因?yàn)樗月?，老子不?huì)???”

　　的確，缺乏中心思想和邏輯混亂是我們常犯的錯(cuò)誤，再加上文化差異和詞匯的亂用，經(jīng)常讓批改的外國(guó)考官摸不著頭腦。

　　還有的烤鴨們習(xí)慣想到哪寫到哪，有一句是一句，這樣不僅浪費(fèi)時(shí)間而且邏輯混亂，甚至為了湊字?jǐn)?shù)套句大批地亂用，最后寫出了一篇自己都不怎么明白的作文。

　　讓你變成一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)人(academic student)，如何正確寫essay，report，怎么做presentation等等，英語(yǔ)那時(shí)候已經(jīng)變成了工具而不再是你需要學(xué)習(xí)和掌握的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容了。

　　“四段式，三句定全文”是語(yǔ)言班老師提倡的essay寫法，當(dāng)時(shí)的essay只是“擴(kuò)大版雅思大作文”，除了字?jǐn)?shù)增多外沒(méi)有改變，而這同樣也是我們列提綱最快的方法：

　　Introduction

　　main body 1

　　main body 2

　　conclusion

　　這樣的四段適用于單邊和雙邊還有報(bào)告文，那三句又是哪三句呢?分別是你Introduction的最后一句話，Main Body 1的第一句話，Main Body 2的第一句話，它們分別叫Thesis statement，Topic Sentence 1和Topic Sentence 2.

　　所以當(dāng)你看見(jiàn)一個(gè)題目的時(shí)候，第一件事情不是拿起筆就寫，而是先想你自己的這三句話，列出一個(gè)提綱，然后再寫，相信我，可以節(jié)省至少15分鐘。

　　比如：

　　Topic：These days more fathers stay at home and take care of their children while mothers go out to work. What could be the reasons for this? Do you think it is a positive or a negative development?

　　這樣的題目，提綱可能如下：

　　看到這可能有同學(xué)說(shuō)了，哎呀，老師你看你提綱快趕上一篇作文了，這么多字哪有那個(gè)時(shí)間啊，其實(shí)同學(xué)你仔細(xì)看提綱，是從文章中摘下來(lái)的，當(dāng)你在寫之前，草稿紙上可能是草草的幾個(gè)字，我想說(shuō)的是，列提綱只是幫助你知道你這三句話分別寫什么，但怎么寫是你在正式寫主文的時(shí)候拿捏的，那我們舉個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子，看下面這個(gè)題目：

　　Topic: As well as making money, businesses should also have social responsibilities. Do you agree or disagree?

　　做一下簡(jiǎn)單的構(gòu)思，快速地列好提綱：

　　The issue regarding whether making money is the most important goal of businesses is controversial. There are a large number of people who support that businesses should also undertake social responsibilities. Personally, taking social responsibilities is capable of bringing two main benefits despite some existing drawbacks.

　　There is no denying that social responsibility can enhance the reputation and profitability. First, information spread is getting fast since rapid development of information media, which implies that any contribution from enterprises could be easily recognized by public. Thus, this would drive people to form a positive impression to these enterprises, thereby increasing their sales volume. Second, most socially responsible investments are government-supported. Empirically, businesses in purpose of enhancing social welfare, such as infrastructure construction and philanthropy, can gain government financing. Because it can alleviate the burden of government, so that to solve the problems about insufficient fund as well as promote the corporate image.

　　In addition, the fact that undertaking social responsibilities needs high costs may be the most typical reason unaccepted by business men. As known, profitability is the key index of enterprises based on adequate normal profits. Hence, overemphasized social responsibilities might cause companies’ inability to survive. Moreover, this requirement may be considered as unfair treatment to small companies. In contrast to large companies, most small entities are self-sustaining and rely on profits to further develop. Nevertheless, large companies with abundant capitals enable to invest some of funds on public utilities even if unprofitable, as they can treat these funds as advertising fees for corporate image and goodwill.

　　In conclusion, undertaking social responsibilities is beneficial to enterprises, which mainly embodies on two aspects: enhance of reputation and government supporting. However, the contradiction with profitability should not be neglected, it affects some small companies significantly.

　　但據(jù)我了解，很多學(xué)生并不傾向于單邊作文的撰寫，首先，時(shí)間緊迫，沒(méi)有充足的時(shí)間去想觀點(diǎn)，雙邊一正一反幾乎不需花時(shí)間思考。其次，邏輯清晰，一正一反邏輯最為清晰了，很多寫單邊的學(xué)生容易描述著就寫篇了，導(dǎo)致文章結(jié)構(gòu)不清晰，所以，我在這里為那些只想拿6.5的學(xué)生推薦一種寫法，叫“雙邊列舉法”

　　顧名思義，就是在每一個(gè)主體段里列舉出自己的觀點(diǎn)，用first，second等連接詞去連接觀點(diǎn)，十分的清晰明了，非常適合中檔學(xué)生去練習(xí)。如下面這個(gè)題目：

　　Topic：Some people think that in order to improve the quality of education, students should be encouraged to evaluate their teachers. Others, however, think that will result in loss of respect and discipline in the classroom. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.

　　典型的D&G題型，也就是典型的雙邊題目，兩邊的觀點(diǎn)都要照顧到，范文如下：

　　The feasibility of evaluation system for teachers are widely discussed in society. This system can be adopted to improve the teaching quality indeed, but it may bring several problems as well. Personally, the advantages of students evaluation outweigh the disadvantages.

　　There are three main benefits to develop this evaluation system. First, this can motivate teachers to improve their instruction. Empirically, motivation comes from pressure, teachers must transform higher pressure into working enthusiasm. Second, students can help schools managers identify low-performing teachers. Traditional evaluative criteria for teachers may depend on students’ average scores solely, leaving academic achievement aside, students’ experience should also be considered. Third, teachers can know students’ real needs by evaluation system. Because many students dare not chat with teachers directly, evaluation system might be an alternative to express their needs.

　　Nevertheless, some drawbacks are also inevitable. First, some students may give irresponsible evaluations since negative emotions to teachers. Not all students are rational, hence the results of evaluation are probably unreliable. In addition, this might cause tension between teachers and students. If teachers are punished due to bad evaluations, which may reduce the communication between teachers and students. Finally, teachers may ingratiate themselves with students instead of concentrating on teaching quality.

　　In conclusion, students’ feedback is capable of improving teaching effectiveness, but students should be encouraged to evaluate teachers’ performance responsibly.

　　作者| Lynn

　　公眾號(hào)： 雅思寫作王

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