keep的用法總結歸納
keep的用法總結歸納
keep 是英語中用法靈活的動詞之一,下面小編就keep的用法歸納如下,希望能幫助大家掌握keep這個單詞。
一、keep用作系動詞,意為“保持(某種狀態(tài))”,其后常接形容詞作表語。如:
Please keep quiet / silent! 請保持安靜!
After the accident, he still kept alive. 這次事故之后,他仍然活著。
二、keep用作實義動詞,可表示:
1. 保管;保存;保留。如:
Keep the change. 零錢不用找了。
Please keep these things for me while I am away. 在我離開期間,請你替我保管這些東西。
2. 贍養(yǎng);飼養(yǎng)。如:
I used to keep sheep in my childhood. 我在孩提時常常養(yǎng)羊。
Does he earn enough to keep himself and his family? 他的收入夠養(yǎng)活他自己和他的家人嗎?
3. 經營。如:
Her father kept a grocer's shop for a number of years. 她父親開了幾年雜貨店。
4. 阻止;阻礙。常用于 keep sb/sth from doing sth 結構中,其中介詞 from 不能省略。如:
The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match. 大雨沒能阻止他們觀看足球賽。
5. 堅持;繼續(xù)。后面如接動詞,要用 V-ing 形式作賓語。如:
If you keep (on) practising your spoken English, you'll soon make great progress. 如果你堅持練習英語口語,你很快就會取得很大的進步。
6. 保持。其后常接復合賓語,表示使(某人或某物)保持某種狀態(tài)或使某一動作繼續(xù)。
① keep + sb/sth + 介詞。如:
If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets.
如果你覺得手冷,就把它們放在口袋里。
② keep + sb/sth + 形容詞。如:
These gloves will keep your hands warm.
這種手套保暖好。
③ keep +sb/sth + 副詞。如:
The cold weather kept us indoors.
寒冷的天氣使我們呆在家里。
?、?keep + sb/sth + V-ing 形式,表示“讓某人 / 某物一直……”,強調動作的持續(xù)性。如:
I'm sorry I've kept you waiting.
很抱歉,讓你久等了。
?、?keep + sb/sth + V-ed 形式,表示“讓某人 / 某物一直被……”,賓語是 V-ed 形式,表示的動作的承受者。如:
She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.
她緊閉雙眼,呆在原地未動。
7. 構成的其它動詞短語有:
keep a record (保持記錄), keep apart (把……分開), keep back one's tears (忍住眼淚), keep in touch (with) (保持與……的聯(lián)系), keep out (of) (把……關在外面), keep up (保持;使……不能入睡), keep one's / an eye on (照管,密切注視), keep away (from) (離開;不接近;戒除), keep in mind (牢記), keep one's word (遵守諾言), keep pace/step with (跟上……的步伐), keep up with (與……同步;跟上)等。
keep是要求學生必須掌握的四會詞之一,現(xiàn)將其常見用法歸納小結如下,以利于大家正確地使用該詞。
一、keep用作及物動詞用法
1. 意為"保存;保留;保持;保守"。如:
Could you keep these letters for me, please? 你能替我保存這些信嗎?
I'll keep a seat for you.我給你留個座位。
It can help to keep vegetables, fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer. 在炎熱的夏天,它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉類長時間保鮮。
Can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密嗎?
2. 意為"照顧;養(yǎng)活"等。如:
She kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹有病時,她照看她了一個星期。
I have a family to keep.我得養(yǎng)活一家人。
3. 意為"留下;不必還"。如:
You can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜歡就把鋼筆留下吧。
Keep the change.不用找零錢了。
4. 意為"遵守;維護"。如:
Everyone must keep the rules. 人人必須遵守規(guī)章制度。
The teacher is keeping order in class.老師正在課堂上維持秩序。
5. 意為"記(日記、帳等)"。如:
She keeps a diary every day.她堅持每天記日記。
He keeps exact accounts of the money he spends and a diary of the events of his holidays.他詳細地記載他所花的錢數(shù)和假期中所發(fā)生的事情。
6. 意為"售;賣"。如:
The shop keeps everything you need.那家商店里出售的東西應有盡有。
He keeps everything you will drink.他出售你想喝的各種飲料。
7. 意為"使……保持某種(狀態(tài)、位置或動作等)"。這時要在keep的賓語后接補足語,構成復合賓語。其中賓語補足語通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等充當。如:
We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(形容詞)我們應保持教室整潔干凈。
You'd better keep the child away from the fire.(副詞)你最好讓孩子離火遠一點。
The bad weather keeps us inside the house.(介詞短語)壞天氣使我們不能出門。
Don't keep me waiting for long.(現(xiàn)在分詞)別讓我等太久。
The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.(過去分詞)班上其他同學都閉著眼睛。
二、keep用作連系動詞用法
構成系表結構:keep+表語,意為"保持,繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))"。其中表語可用形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等充當。如:
You must look after yourself and keep healthy.(形容詞)你必須照顧好自己,保持身體健康。
Keep off the grass.(副詞)請勿踐踏草地。
Traffic in Britain keeps to the left.(介詞短語)英國的交通是靠左邊行駛的。
注意:一般情況下,keep后接形容詞較為多見。再如:
She knew she must keep calm.她知道她必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜。
Please keep silent in class.課堂上請保持安靜。
三、keep與介詞或副詞搭配,構成動詞短語用法
1.keep away意為"(使)離開;(使)不接近",其后常接介詞from。如:
Would you keep your dog away from my boy, please? 請把狗拉得離我孩子遠點好嗎?
Keep everybody away from the accident.人人遠離事故!
2.keep back意為"阻止;留在后面"。如:
She sat down quietly, but she couldn't keep
back her tears.她靜靜地坐下來,卻忍不住流下了眼淚。
3.keep together意為"在一起;動作協(xié)調"。如:
Keep together, please.請聚在一起。
The eight men kept together during the boat race as though they were one.賽船時,這8個人動作協(xié)調,好像一個人似的。
4.keep up意為"持續(xù);使不低落"。如:
The noise kept up all night.噪音整夜持續(xù)著。
To keep your strength up, eat well and get enough sleep.為了保持力氣,要吃好、睡足。
5.keep up with意為"跟上;和……來往"。如:
I'm trying my best to keep up with the others in class.我正在設法趕上班里的其他人。
Do you still keep up with Tom? 你和湯姆還有聯(lián)系嗎?
6.keep...in mind意為"把……記在心里"。如:
The teacher asked us to keep these sentences in mind.老師要我們把這些句子記在心里。
四、含keep的常用句型
1.keep doing sth. 意為"繼續(xù)干某事",表示不間斷地持續(xù)干某事,keep后不能接不定式或表示靜止狀態(tài)的v-ing形式,而必須接延續(xù)性的動詞。如:
He kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作,因為他想準時完成工作。
Keep passing the ball to each other, and you'll be OK.堅持互相傳球,你們就行。
2. keep...from doing sth.意為"阻止/防止……做某事"。如:
The heavy snow kept us from going out.大雪使我們不能出去。
3.keep on doing sth. 意為"持續(xù)做某事"。如:
The pupil kept on asking me the same question.這個學生不斷地問我同一個問題。
I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.我總是想起下午的那場比賽。
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