toefl閱讀句子插入題
toefl閱讀句子插入題
托福閱讀部分中的句子插入題相對(duì)于詞匯題、句子簡(jiǎn)化題、事實(shí)信息題，它在每篇文章都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一道題，而且位置是固定的，一定在最后一題內(nèi)容小結(jié)題之前的倒數(shù)第二題，如此一來(lái)若是答錯(cuò)了也不影響考生對(duì)文章的理解和做題。那么如何應(yīng)對(duì)該類(lèi)考題呢?學(xué)習(xí)啦小編接下來(lái)就跟大家分享toefl閱讀句子插入題的解法。
既然這句插入的話(huà)對(duì)文章本身是沒(méi)有影響的，那么插入的句子插在某段段首的幾率大么?答案明顯是否定的。原因呢?因?yàn)橥鈬?guó)人的思維模式比較直截了當(dāng)，不會(huì)像中國(guó)人那樣藏著掖著，拋磚引玉或是畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛。所以往往在某段第一句的句子在該段都起著至關(guān)重要的角色：主題句，它會(huì)總結(jié)上文，而更多的情況是引領(lǐng)下文。
我們排除了一個(gè)答案：就是段首的位置，但是還有三個(gè)干擾選項(xiàng)啊!!!句子插入題到底在考察什么呢?答案是：上下文的銜接。插入的句子一定要和上下文銜接得當(dāng)。下面環(huán)球托福老師就帶廣大的托兒們了解句子插入題解題方法。
步驟一：先閱讀要插入的句子。
步驟二：關(guān)注插入的句子主語(yǔ)部分，要在該插入句子之前得以重復(fù)。
以TPO4 Deer Population of the Puget Sound的句子插入題為例。
Paragraph 2-3: Nearly any kind of plant of the forest understory can be part of a deer's
diet, where the forest inhibits the growth of grass and other meadow plants,
the black-tailed deer browses on huckleberry, salad, dogwood, and almost any other shrub
or herb. But this is fair-weather feeding. What keeps the black-tailed deer alive in the harsher seasons of plant decay and dormancy? One
compensation for not hibernating is the built-in urge to migrate. Deer may move from high-elevation browse areas in summer down to the lowland areas in late fall.
Even with snow on the ground, the high bushy understory is exposed;
also snow and wind bring down leafy branches of cedar, hemlock, red alder,
and other arboreal fodder.
The numbers of deer have fluctuated markedly since the entry of Europeans
into Puget Sound country. The early explorers and settlers told of abundant
deer in the early 1800s and yet almost in the same breath bemoaned the lack of
this succulent game animal.
Look at the four squares [] that indicate where the following sentence could
be added to the passage.
There food is available and accessible throughout the winter.
Where would the sentence best fit?
插入的句子主語(yǔ)部分出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)單詞there 和food, there是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明插入的位置之前出現(xiàn)了地點(diǎn)和食物。而文中的四個(gè)插入的句子只有第二處之前提到了high-elevation browser和lowland areas, 并且還提到了鹿吃的browse。所以答案是第二處。
步驟三：注意插入句子的邏輯關(guān)系詞：轉(zhuǎn)折，遞進(jìn)和因果關(guān)系表示結(jié)果的詞。
下面以TPO 3 Long-term stability of ecosystem為例。
Paragraph 6: Ecologists are especially interested to know what factors
contribute to the resilience of communities because climax communities all over
the world are being severely damaged or destroyed by human activities. The
destruction caused by the volcanic explosion of Mount St. Helens, in the
northwestern United States, for example, pales in comparison to the destruction
caused by humans. We need to know what aspects of a community are most
important to the community’s resistance to destruction, as well as its
recovery.
Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could
be added to the passage.
In fact, damage to the environment by humans is often much more severe
than damage by natural events and processes.
Where would the sentence best fit?
插入的句子主語(yǔ)部分是：damage to the environment by human, 要和原文得以重復(fù)，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)在第二處和第三處都有提到，但是插入句子的開(kāi)頭出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)邏輯關(guān)系詞：in fact。這個(gè)詞的意思是：事實(shí)上，在托福閱讀插入句子中表示遞進(jìn)。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞，問(wèn)題似乎就迎刃而解了，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)第六段的第二句是個(gè)例子，也就表明第二句話(huà)一定是為前面一句話(huà)服務(wù)的，這句話(huà)的意思是：火山爆發(fā)所造成的破壞比起人類(lèi)造成的破壞顯得蒼白無(wú)力。但是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)第一句話(huà)中完全沒(méi)有提到自然災(zāi)害所造成的破壞，只是提到了人類(lèi)活動(dòng)所造成的破壞。所以我們應(yīng)該把插入的句子放在第二處，它對(duì)第一處進(jìn)一步闡明作者思想。
環(huán)球托福老師也幫助大家總結(jié)了常出現(xiàn)在句子插入題中的邏輯關(guān)系詞：
表示轉(zhuǎn)折：however, but, nevertheless, nonetheless
表示遞進(jìn)：in fact, actually, indeed, furthermore, additionally, besides
表示結(jié)果：as a consequence, as a result, thus, hence, so
除了上述三點(diǎn)做題方法，環(huán)球托福老師還總結(jié)了插入句子中的表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，例如：continue to, keep on, go on, again, 這些單詞和詞組都有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)，都和再一次有關(guān)。換句話(huà)說(shuō)，既然它說(shuō)了“繼續(xù)，再一次，持續(xù)”則意味著“原來(lái)有過(guò)，所以才能繼續(xù)”，所以在找插入點(diǎn)時(shí)，只要把持續(xù)做的事，在段落中找到即可，插入的句子一定插在它的后面。
環(huán)球托福老師建議我們考生一定要對(duì)以上三種做題方法進(jìn)行掌握，相信托兒們一定能秒殺句子插入題。