大學(xué)英語四級翻譯句子
大學(xué)英語四級翻譯句子
2013年12月考次起,大學(xué)英語四級考試翻譯題型進(jìn)行了改革,這對學(xué)生的語言應(yīng)用能力、翻譯能力,以及大學(xué)英語教學(xué)提出了更高要求。下面小編就跟你們詳細(xì)介紹下大學(xué)英語四級翻譯句子,希望對你們有用。
大學(xué)英語四級翻譯句子如下:
一、
I.漢語從反面表達(dá),譯文從正面表達(dá)
例1:他提出的論據(jù)相當(dāng)不充實。
譯文:The argument he put forward is pretty thin. (詞)
例2:我們確信,年輕一代將不會辜負(fù)我們的信任。
譯文:We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of
our trust. (短語)
例3:他七十歲了,可是并不顯老。
譯文:He was 70, but he carried his years lightly. (句子)
II.漢語從正面表達(dá),譯文從反面表達(dá)
例4:他這個人優(yōu)柔寡斷,而且總是反復(fù)無常。
譯文:He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. (詞)
例5:調(diào)查結(jié)果清清楚楚地顯示病人死于心臟病。
譯文:The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of
heart disease. (短語)
例6:這類舉動遲早會被人發(fā)覺的。
譯文:Such actions couldn’t long escape notice. (句子)
III.特殊的否定句式
例7:有利必有弊。
譯文:There is not any advantage without disadvantage. (雙重否定)
例8:我們在那個城市從未因為是猶太人而遭受歧視。
譯文:In that city, we had never suffered discrimination because we
were Jews. (否定轉(zhuǎn)移)
二、
分句、合句法
很多情況下,翻譯句子的時候,需要調(diào)整原來的句子結(jié)構(gòu),分句法和合句法是調(diào)整原文句子的兩種重要的方法。所謂分句法就是把原文的一個簡單句譯為兩個或兩個以上的句子。所謂合句法就是把原文兩個或兩個以上的簡單句或一個復(fù)合句譯成一個單句。
I.分句法
漢譯英時,需要分譯的句子多數(shù)是長句,或者是結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的復(fù)句。這種句子如果譯成一個長句,就會使譯文冗長、累贅、意思表達(dá)不清楚,也不符合英文習(xí)慣。
如果采用分譯,則會使譯文簡潔、易懂、層次分明。如以下五個例子:
例1. 少年是一去不復(fù)返的,等到精力衰竭時,要做學(xué)問也來不及了。(按內(nèi)容層次分譯)
譯文: Youth will soon be gone, never to return. And it will be too
late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.
例2. 她隔窗望去,突然發(fā)現(xiàn)有只小船停泊在河邊,船里有位船夫睡得正香。(從主語變換處分譯)
譯文: Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored
to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep.
例3. 聲速隨溫度的升降會有輕微的增減,但不受氣壓的影響。(從關(guān)聯(lián)詞處分譯)
譯文: The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature
and falls with decrease in temperature. It is not affected by the
pressure of the air.
例4.
我們的政策是實行“一個國家,兩種制度”,具體說,就是在中華人民共和國內(nèi),有著十多億人口的大陸實行社會主義制度,香港、臺灣地區(qū)實行資本主義制度。(原文出現(xiàn)總說或分述時要分譯)
譯文: We are pursuing a policy of “one country with two systems.” More
specifically, this means that within the People’s Republic of China,
the mainland with its more than one billion people will maintain the
socialist system, while Hong Kong and Taiwan continue under the
capitalist system.
例5. 我們主張對我國神圣領(lǐng)土臺灣實行和平統(tǒng)一,有關(guān)的政策,也是眾所周知和不會改變的,并且正在深入人心。(為了強調(diào)語氣而采用分譯)
譯文: We want peaceful reunification with Taiwan which is part of our
sacred territory. Our policy in this regard is also known to all and
will not change. The desire for peaceful reunification of the
motherland is taking hold in the hearts of the entire Chinese
nation.
II.合句法
英漢兩種語言的句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完全相同,盡管英語句子日趨簡潔,但是從句套從句,短語含短語的句型也是頻頻出現(xiàn)。一般而言,一個英語句子的信息包含量要大于一個漢語句子,因此,我們在做漢譯英的時候,常常把漢語的兩個句子,甚至更多句子,合譯成英語的一句。使用合句法還可以使譯文緊湊、簡練。如以下三個例子:
例6:一代人與一代人之間的沖突,也就是年輕人與老年人的沖突,似乎是最可笑的。因為這就是現(xiàn)在的自己與將來的自己,或者說過去的自己與現(xiàn)在的自己的沖突。(在關(guān)聯(lián)詞處合譯)
譯文:A conflict between the generations between youth and age seems
the most stupid, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself
as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.
例7:對我來說,我的水族箱就像我自己的一個小王國。我就是里面的國王。(從主語變換處合譯)
譯文:To me my aquarium is like my own little kingdom where I am king.
例8:第二天,我又接到一個電報。這個電報有34個字,比前一個電報說得更詳細(xì)。(按內(nèi)容連貫合譯)
譯文:The following day I received another telegram consisting of 34
ciphers, giving more details.:)
08年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試常用翻譯技巧(二)
分句、合句法
很多情況下,翻譯句子的時候,需要調(diào)整原來的句子結(jié)構(gòu),分句法和合句法是調(diào)整原文句子的兩種重要的方法。所謂分句法就是把原文的一個簡單句譯為兩個或兩個以上的句子。所謂合句法就是把原文兩個或兩個以上的簡單句或一個復(fù)合句譯成一個單句。
I.分句法
漢譯英時,需要分譯的句子多數(shù)是長句,或者是結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的復(fù)句。這種句子如果譯成一個長句,就會使譯文冗長、累贅、意思表達(dá)不清楚,也不符合英文習(xí)慣。 如果采用分譯,則會使譯文簡潔、易懂、層次分明。如以下五個例子:
例1. 少年是一去不復(fù)返的,等到精力衰竭時,要做學(xué)問也來不及了。(按內(nèi)容層次分譯)
譯文: Youth will soon be gone, never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.
例2. 她隔窗望去,突然發(fā)現(xiàn)有只小船停泊在河邊,船里有位船夫睡得正香。(從主語變換處分譯)
譯文: Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep.
例3. 聲速隨溫度的升降會有輕微的增減,但不受氣壓的影響。(從關(guān)聯(lián)詞處分譯)
譯文: The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature and falls with decrease in temperature. It is not affected by the pressure of the air.
例4. 我們的政策是實行“一個國家,兩種制度”,具體說,就是在中華人民共和國內(nèi),有著十多億人口的大陸實行社會主義制度,香港、臺灣地區(qū)實行資本主義制度。(原文出現(xiàn)總說或分述時要分譯)
譯文: We are pursuing a policy of “one country with two systems.” More specifically, this means that within the People’s Republic of China, the mainland with its more than one billion people will maintain the socialist system, while Hong Kong and Taiwan continue under the capitalist system.
例5. 我們主張對我國神圣領(lǐng)土臺灣實行和平統(tǒng)一,有關(guān)的政策,也是眾所周知和不會改變的,并且正在深入人心。(為了強調(diào)語氣而采用分譯)
譯文: We want peaceful reunification with Taiwan which is part of our sacred territory. Our policy in this regard is also known to all and will not change. The desire for peaceful reunification of the motherland is taking hold in the hearts of the entire Chinese nation
II.合句法
英漢兩種語言的句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完全相同,盡管英語句子日趨簡潔,但是從句套從句,短語含短語的句型也是頻頻出現(xiàn)。一般而言,一個英語句子的信息包含量要大于一個漢語句子,因此,我們在做漢譯英的時候,常常把漢語的兩個句子,甚至更多句子,合譯成英語的一句。使用合句法還可以使譯文緊湊、簡練。如以下三個例子:
例6:一代人與一代人之間的沖突,也就是年輕人與老年人的沖突,似乎是最可笑的。因為這就是現(xiàn)在的自己與將來的自己,或者說過去的自己與現(xiàn)在的自己的沖突。(在關(guān)聯(lián)詞處合譯)
譯文:A conflict between the generations between youth and age seems the most stupid, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.
例7:對我來說,我的水族箱就像我自己的一個小王國。我就是里面的國王。(從主語變換處合譯)
譯文:To me my aquarium is like my own little kingdom where I am king.
例8:第二天,我又接到一個電報。這個電報有34個字,比前一個電報說得更詳細(xì)。(按內(nèi)容連貫合譯)
譯文:The following day I received another telegram consisting of 34 ciphers, giving more details.
四級翻譯經(jīng)典題型與解析
1. Female students constitute the majority of our class. .(相比之下,他們班全由男生組成)
2.As our time was running out, we drove even faster (希望能夠準(zhǔn)時趕到機場).
3.(這些問題連續(xù)不斷地出現(xiàn))suggests that our plan should be adjusted.
4.In his recently written autobiography, (他把自己的成功歸功于父母的鼓勵).
5.(我們現(xiàn)在必須喚醒人們認(rèn)識到環(huán)保的重要性),or it would be too late.
6.If he had known this would happen, (他當(dāng)初也許會以不同方式行事).
7.(只要你一直努力工作),you will recall your past with satisfaction.
8.Every mother is proud of her child and (父親也一樣).
9.No one knows exactly (信息高速路的發(fā)展將把我們帶往何處).
10.(他剛到家)when it started raining.
11.If I had remembered to close the window, (小偷就不會進(jìn)來).
12. I?ll never forget (第一次和你見面).
13.Mary rushed into the room, (抱著一個大紙箱).
14.A minute ago the old lady (撕開信封)with great excitement.
15.My washing machine broke down this morning. (我打算明天把它送去修理).
16.The report said that the sample water had too much lead in it, (可能對我們的健康有害).
17.(信已經(jīng)寫完了)by the time you come back.
18.(盡管不富裕),they feel quite satisfied with their standard of living condition.
19.(我以前常去看電影),but I never get the time now.
20.The pictures make (孩子們理解文字更容易).
21.(既然你們明天才走),we can have dinner together tonight.
22. In terms of experience, Mr. Green has the right stuff for the work, (但目前他的健康狀況不佳).
23.(地震的破壞非常嚴(yán)重)that the city took decades to recover.
24.The speaker, (以精彩的演講而聞名), was warmly received by the audience.
25.By the time you get to Greenwich (你會看到倫敦最古老的部分).
26. (那天已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了)modern communication becomes widespread in China?s countryside.
27. (我以前從沒見過任何人)who has the skill John has when it comes to repairing cars.
28.The second book was (完成)by this March, but two months later, the end was still nowhere in sight.
29.He set out again on his journey around the world, (盡管他的朋友們勸他不要去).
30.(學(xué)生不喜歡傳統(tǒng)課堂的原因之一)is that students are seldom allowed to express their ideas in a traditional classroom.
31.The supermarket sells various kinds of things, (從衣物食品到電腦游戲)
32.The new type of machine has been put in service, (讓我們年底完成工程成為可能)
33. It is true that humans have an extraordinary genius for working wonders, but (污染仍是當(dāng)前及未來最嚴(yán)重的問題之一)
34. It is true that the world faces problems of pollution, but (這個問題可以通過全球的努力加以控制)
35.(在任何一個存在種族歧視的社會里), there will always be tension.36.Some people say that in the next 30 years the population of Antarctica will grow steadily, (印度也同樣)
37. Someday, perhaps, (科學(xué)家能夠準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)報地震)
38.(整夜他清醒地躺在床上)worrying about his financial problems.39.It is widely accepted that (社會的整個結(jié)構(gòu)都依賴于相互信任)
40. By six thirty every morning, (操場上滿是晨練的學(xué)生)
41.For some reason, she was not well prepared for the test. But (她是個誠實的女孩),she would not cheat on an exam.
42.(無論你怎樣看他),there is no reason to suspect him of doing this deliberately.
43.You have neglected your work for too long and (你不可能在一周內(nèi)趕上來).
44.(位于倫敦西北),Oxford University is noted far and wide for its academic excellence.
45.This medical research (目的在于找出治療遺傳性血液病的新方法)because the drugs now in use cannot cure these complicated diseases.
46.(當(dāng)被問及對這次試題的感覺), nearly all students in this class said it was too difficult.
47.During her school days, (她經(jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)到很晚)because she wanted to be qualified for the scholarship.
48. A mature man is one (善于把失敗轉(zhuǎn)化為成功).
49.The little girl was alert to every sound in the house (因為她被那部恐怖電影嚇倒了).
50.Some construction workers (偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一些古幣)that were made in the 9th century.
四級翻譯經(jīng)典題型與解析(答案)
答案
1.【答案】By contrast, their class is made up of male students only.或By contrast, only male students constitute their class.
【解析】本題的主要考點在于固定搭配。表達(dá)“相比”或“與……相對”之意可用詞組by contrast,而“組成”之意可使用前文提到的動詞constitute也可使用詞組be made up of。
2.【答案】in hopes that we could arrive at the airport on time或in hopes that we could reach the airport on time又或in hopes that we could make it to the airport on time
【解析】本題的主要考點在于固定搭配。通過分析前半句可知,“希望”并非句子的謂語,因此不可直接使用動詞hope,而應(yīng)使用固定搭配in hopes that意為“懷著……的希望”。“準(zhǔn)時”之意考查的是比較基礎(chǔ)的詞組on time,此處應(yīng)注意其與表達(dá)“即時”之意的in time相區(qū)別。而“趕到”之意可用arrive at或reach,也可用表達(dá)“成功地……”之意的固定搭配make it to。
3.【答案】The fact that these problems are continually showing up或The continual appearance of these problems
【解析】本題的考點在于語法。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句謂語為suggest,所以需要翻譯的部分充當(dāng)句子的主語,故可以考慮使用從句或使用名詞性詞組。需要注意的是使用從句時應(yīng)根據(jù)語法需要補出漢語中沒有體現(xiàn)出的部分the fact,使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整。
4.【答案】he owes his success to his parents? encouragement或He attributes his success to his parents?encouragement
【解析】本題考點在于固定搭配。“把……歸功于”或“把……歸因于”可使用詞組owe...to...或attribute...to...。本題另一個易錯之處在于所有格的使用。以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格只需加?。
5.【答案】We must awaken people to the importance of environment protection
【解析】本題主要的考點在于固定搭配。表達(dá)“喚醒……對……的注意或警惕”之意應(yīng)使用動詞詞組awaken...to...。另一需要注意的地方時所有格的使用。本題中“環(huán)保的重要性”不可用?s表示,而應(yīng)使用of結(jié)構(gòu)。
6.【答案】he would have acted differently或He would have acted in a different way
【解析】本題主要考查語法,考點是虛擬語氣。由句意提示可知,本句是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬句,表示對過去情況的假設(shè)。由于前半句出現(xiàn)了had加動詞的過去分詞,后半句應(yīng)使用would加have done的結(jié)構(gòu)。
7.【答案】As long as you keep working hard或As long as you work hard all the time
【解析】本題考點在于固定搭配。表達(dá)“只要……”之意可用詞組as long as...,而提示中出現(xiàn)的“一直”則可使用動詞詞組keep doing...,意為“一直或持續(xù)做某事”,也可考慮用all the time來表示時間。
8.【答案】so is every father
【解析】本句主要考點為語法,考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)so表示“同樣”或“也……”之意時,其后的句子需要倒裝。翻譯本句時還要注意every father作主語時謂語應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。
9.【答案】where the development of the information highway will lead us
【解析】本題的主要考點在語法,考查考生對從句的掌握情況。由提示可知,從句應(yīng)由where引導(dǎo),且考生應(yīng)特別注意從句不能為疑問句語序而應(yīng)為陳述句語序。關(guān)于從句的時態(tài)選擇,根據(jù)中文提示可清楚判斷為一般將來時。
10.【答案】Hardly had he arrived home或He had hardly arrived home
【解析】本題的考點在于固定搭配。句意為“他剛到家就開始下雨了。”由于后半句由when代起,前半句應(yīng)出現(xiàn)hardly,構(gòu)成固定搭配hardly...when...,且根據(jù)此固定搭配的使用要求,前半句的時態(tài)應(yīng)為過去完成時。本題由兩種可能的答案,若以hardly開頭,句子需要倒裝,以he開頭則保持正常語序。
11.【答案】the thief would not have got in
【解析】本題考查考生對虛擬語氣的掌握。句子由if引導(dǎo),表示對過去情況的虛擬,從句時態(tài)為過去完成時,主句應(yīng)使用would加have done的結(jié)構(gòu)。
12.【答案】meeting you for the first time
【解析】本題主要考查核心動詞詞組。動詞forget之后可加不定式或動名詞構(gòu)成動詞詞組,forget to do意為“忘記做某事”,其中do所表示的動作時沒做或沒發(fā)生的;而forget doing表示“忘記做過某事”,doing所反映的動作為做了或已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的。本句表達(dá)的意思是“我從未忘記第一次和你的見面。”很明顯,“見面”為已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事,故meet應(yīng)以動名詞的形式出現(xiàn)。
13.【答案】holding a big paper box
【解析】本題的考點為語法,考查分詞的使用。通過中文提示及分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,需要翻譯的部分并非句子的謂語和賓語而是表示伴隨的狀況。應(yīng)注意,因為room之后出現(xiàn)了逗號,本題不可用with結(jié)構(gòu)而應(yīng)使用分詞。又因Mary是“抱著”的邏輯主語,應(yīng)選動詞hold的現(xiàn)在分詞形式holding。
14.【答案】tore the envelope open
【解析】本題的考點在于核心動詞。表達(dá)“撕開”之意應(yīng)選擇動詞tear,tear是規(guī)則動詞,過去式為tore。本題另一個易錯之處在于選擇表示“開”的詞。由句意可知,“開”指的是信封的狀態(tài)而不是對動詞“撕”的修飾,故應(yīng)用形容詞。
15.【答案】I?ll have it fixed tomorrow.或I?m going to have it fixed tomorrow.
【解析】本題的考點在于固定搭配。have...done與do sth的區(qū)別在于前者意為“讓別人做某事”。本題需要表達(dá)讓別人修理洗衣機,故應(yīng)為have it repaired。
16.【答案】which might damage our health
【解析】本題的考點在于語法,主要考查對從句的使用。由于空格前出現(xiàn)了逗號,空格部分應(yīng)補出從句而而非一個完整的句子。由句意可知,逗號之前出現(xiàn)的it指的是water,而對健康有害的東西正是water,故因翻譯出一個以it為先行詞的非限定性定語從句。
17.【答案】The letter will have been finished
【解析】本題的考點為語法,主要考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)中文提示不難判斷出需要翻譯的部分應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài),而后半句出現(xiàn)了by the time you come back,表達(dá)的是將來的某個時間,因此前半句的時態(tài)應(yīng)為表示將來的時態(tài),又因句意為“已經(jīng)寫完”,故應(yīng)選擇將來完成時。
18.【答案】Although they are not rich
【解析】本題考點在于語法。“盡管”之意出現(xiàn)在句首,故最好選擇用although表達(dá)。需要注意的是空格部分應(yīng)為從句,需要根據(jù)語法要求補充出從句的主語they,這個部分在中文中沒有體現(xiàn)出來,所以是常見的出錯點。
19.【答案】I used to go to the cinema a lot
【解析】本題的考點在于固定搭配。有幾個看起來相似的詞組是??嫉目键c,即used to do, be used to do和be used to doing。used to do意為“過去常常……”,be used to do是被動語態(tài)的體現(xiàn),意為“被用于……”而be used to doing意思是“習(xí)慣……”。本題應(yīng)選用used to do這一固定搭配。另一需要注意的考點是“看電影”的說法,習(xí)慣上看電影并不直譯為see films或see movies而用go to the cinema來表達(dá)。
20.【答案】it easier for the children to understand the words
【解析】本題考點在于固定句型。It is...for sb to do...意為“對某人而言做某事是……的”,而本題空格部分是整句的賓語從句,根據(jù)句型相應(yīng)補入需要的詞即可。
21.【答案】Since you are leaving tomorrow或Since you will leave tomorrow
【解析】本題的考點在于核心詞的使用。表達(dá)“既然”之意應(yīng)使用since,此外還需注意,“既然你們明天才走”描述的是事實而非假設(shè)的情況,因此無需使用虛擬語氣。
22.【答案】but his health is in poor condition now或but he is not in good health now
【解析】本題的考點在于固定搭配及核心詞的使用。在表達(dá)健康狀況時,中英文存在語言差異,中文可以有“他的健康很好”這樣的說法,而英文不可說His health is good.故本題易錯譯為but his health is not good now或his health is poor now.正確的做法應(yīng)使用固定搭配in… condition,意為“處于……的狀況或狀態(tài)”或使用習(xí)慣說法be in good health。
23.【答案】The destruction brought by the earthquake was so serious或So great was the destruction brought by the earthquake
【解析】本題的考點在于語法及固定搭配。聯(lián)系中文提示及空格后出現(xiàn)的that不難看出,本句需要用so...that...表示“如此……以致于……”。本題有兩種正確答案,若以so開頭則句子需要倒裝,若以the destruction開頭則保留正常語序。另外還需注意,“地震的破壞”不可翻譯為所有格,而應(yīng)根據(jù)意思表達(dá)為“地震帶來的破壞”。
24.【答案】who is famous for his/her splendid speeches或known for his/her splendid speeches
【解析】本題的主要考點在于語法。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句主語為the speaker,謂語部分為was warmly received,需要翻譯出的部分是對主語情況的補充說明。由此可看出,空格部分可以是以句子主語為先行詞的定語從句也可以是用分詞來表示修飾的結(jié)構(gòu)。故本題有兩種可能性,可譯為從句或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。
25.【答案】you will have seen the most historic parts of London
【解析】本題的考點為語法,考查考生對時態(tài)的判斷。By the time you get to Greenwich表示的是將來的時間,而根據(jù)中文提示可知,需要譯出的部分應(yīng)使用將來完成時,故謂語部分應(yīng)為will have seen。
26.【答案】The day is not far away when
【解析】本題的考點在于語法,要求考生體現(xiàn)對從句的掌握。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句的主干為the day is not far away,而已經(jīng)給出的英文部分是一個時間從句,指的是句子的主語the day,因此空格部分應(yīng)譯為The day is not far away when,考生應(yīng)注意不能忽略了從句的引導(dǎo)詞when。
27.【答案】Never before have I seen anyone或I have never seen anyone
【解析】本題的考點在于語法。完整的句子意思是“在修車方面我從未見過誰有約翰那樣高明的技術(shù)。”可見已經(jīng)給出的英文部分是一個定語從句,其先行詞為“任何人”。本題有兩種可能的答案,比較簡單和直觀的是正常語序的I have never seen anyone。但也可將never置于句首,后接一個倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),即Never before have I seen anyone。
28.【答案】to have been completed
【解析】本題的考點在于語法。由句意可知,需要翻譯的部分應(yīng)使用過去將來時,但應(yīng)為空格前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了be動詞was,所以“完成”之意不可能表達(dá)為would be completed,只能考慮用不定式表將來。聯(lián)系句意,最好把“完成”譯為完成時的被動語態(tài),故答案為to have been completed。
29.【答案】despite his friends? attempt to persuade him not to或though his friend persuaded him not to
【解析】本題的考點在于核心詞。表達(dá)“勸說”之意可用比較基礎(chǔ)的動詞詞組persuade...to do,而“盡管”可以選擇though/although或despite。需要特別注意的是though或although引導(dǎo)從句而despite后應(yīng)加名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)。故本題可能有兩種正確答案。
30.【答案】One of the reasons why students don?t like the traditional class或One of the factors that make the students dislike the traditional class
【解析】本題的考點在于語法。翻譯時可考慮使用make…do…這一方式表達(dá)“讓某人做某事”,當(dāng)然也可根據(jù)中文提示使用表達(dá)原因的reason,故本題同樣可以有兩種正確答案。
31.【答案】ranging from clothes and food to computer games
【解析】本題的考點在于固定搭配即及語法。見到“從……到……”,大多數(shù)考生會想到from...to...。需要注意,from...to...可以表示時間和地點方面的范圍,而根據(jù)句意,在表達(dá)經(jīng)營范圍時,最好在前面加一個動詞range。又因需要翻譯的部分并非句子的謂語,動詞range應(yīng)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在分詞的形式。
32.【答案】making it possible for us to finish the project
【解析】本題的考點在于語法及固定句型。有句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,需要翻譯的部分并非句子的謂語部分,故“讓”之意不能用動詞原型make而應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞making。此處還需使用固定句型It is…for… to do,意為“對某人而言做某事是……的”。
33.【答案】pollution still remains one of the most serious problems of the present and future或pollution is still one of the most serious problems of the present and future
【解析】本題的考點在于核心詞的選擇及使用。表達(dá)中文提示中“仍是”之意最好選擇動詞remain,但選用be動詞也能作出正確的翻譯。另一個需要注意的考點在于“最嚴(yán)重”應(yīng)使用形容詞的最高級來表示。
34.【答案】it can be brought under control by effort on a global basis
【解析】本題主要考查核心詞的使用。表達(dá)“控制”之意時中英文的習(xí)慣說法有差異,中文常說“這個問題已被控制”而英文不可逐字譯為This problem has been controlled.而應(yīng)使用習(xí)慣說法be under control。
35.【答案】In any society where racial discrimination exists或In a society with racial discrimination
【解析】本題的考點在于語法,主要考查從句知識。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知,需要翻譯的部分是整句的地點狀語,而這個部分的中心詞是“社會”,“任何一個存在種族歧視”是“社會”的限定成分。本題可能出現(xiàn)兩種正確答案,其一為使用以society為先行詞的定語從句,其二為使用with表示伴隨的狀況。
36.【答案】so will the population of India
【解析】本題的靠點在于語法,主要考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。以so開頭表達(dá)“也……”或“同樣……”的句子需要倒裝,故應(yīng)譯為so will the population of India。另一個易錯之處在于“印度”,由于動詞grow的邏輯主語是population而非India,翻譯時中文的“印度”應(yīng)譯為“印度的人口”。
37.【答案】scientists will be able to exactly predict the occurrence of earthquakes
【解析】本題的考點在于語法及英文習(xí)慣表達(dá)。由于中英文的語言差異,本題不可逐字翻譯為scientists will be able to predict earthquake,而應(yīng)根據(jù)句意補充出“出現(xiàn)”或“發(fā)生”這個意思。
38.【答案】All night long he lay awake
【解析】本題的考點在于核心詞的選擇及使用。表達(dá)“清醒”之意應(yīng)使用形容詞awake,需要特別注意的是在英文中“清醒”并非修飾“躺”的副詞。而“整夜”之意可用固定表達(dá)all night long來表示。
39.【答案】the whole structure of our society depends on mutual trust
【解析】本題的考點在于語法及固定搭配。很明顯,需要翻譯的部分是accept的賓語從句,而“依賴于”可使用詞組depend on。應(yīng)注意,“社會的整個結(jié)構(gòu)”不可用's表示所有格而應(yīng)使用of結(jié)構(gòu)。
40.【答案】the playground has been full of students doing morning exercises或the playground has been full of students who are doing morning exercises
【解析】本題的考點在于語法,主要考查時態(tài)選擇、從句或分詞的使用。由時間狀語by six thirty every morning可知,本句應(yīng)使用完成時態(tài)。而“晨練的學(xué)生”可用兩種方法翻譯,一為以“學(xué)生”為先行詞的定語從句,其二為使用動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。
41.【答案】being an honest girl或as an honest girl
【解析】本題的考點是語法,主要考查非謂語成分。不難看出,帶有空格的句子主語為she,謂語部分是would not cheat。需要翻譯的部分不作謂語,故應(yīng)考慮非謂語形式,可用動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞,也可用as表示“作為……”之意。
42.【答案】No matter how you think of him
【解析】本題的考點在于核心詞的選擇及使用。由于中英兩種語言的差異,本題不可逐字翻譯,特別是此處中文的“看”不能譯為see,而應(yīng)根據(jù)英文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣調(diào)整為think。另一容易錯譯之處在于語序,從句中不可用疑問句語序no matter how do you think of him,而應(yīng)改為陳述句語序。
43.【答案】it is impossible for you to catch up on it in a week
【解析】本題考點在于固定句型,考查it is...for...to do這一句型,根據(jù)意思填入需要的詞即可。
44.【答案】Located to the northwest of London
【解析】本題的考點為語法,考查分詞的使用。通過對句子的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析可知,本句的主語為Oxford University,謂語部分是is noted,可見需要翻譯的部分中“位于”并非句子的謂語,應(yīng)使用分詞形式。
45.【答案】is aimed at finding new treatment for inherited blood diseases或is with the purpose of finding new treatment for inherited blood diseases
【解析】本題的主要考點在于核心詞的選擇及使用。表示目的可以考慮aim或purpose,但這兩個詞的用法不相同:若使用aim可用固定搭配be aimed at,而因為purpose是名詞,使用時應(yīng)表達(dá)為with the purpose of...。
46.【答案】When they were asked how they liked this test或Asked how they liked this test
【解析】本題的考點在于語法。通過分析句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,需要翻譯的部分可采用從句或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)來完成。選用從句應(yīng)注意,從句應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)且時態(tài)應(yīng)與主句一致;用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)則應(yīng)根據(jù)句意選擇表示被動的過去分詞asked。
47.【答案】she often stayed up late studying或She used to stay up late studying
【解析】本題的考點在于語法及固定搭配。語法主要考查分詞的使用,固定搭配則體現(xiàn)在詞組stay up的使用。應(yīng)注意,“學(xué)習(xí)”并不充當(dāng)謂語,因此應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
48.【答案】who is good at turning failure into success|
【解析】本題主要考查從句知識及固定搭配。很明顯,需要譯出的部分是以one為先行詞的定語從句,而“善于”之意可用be good at表達(dá)。既然at是介詞,turn應(yīng)相應(yīng)變?yōu)閯用~形式。
49.【答案】because she had been frightened by that horror film
【解析】本題的考點是語法,主要考查對時態(tài)的選擇。已給出的英文部分時態(tài)為一般過去時,而通過句意可知,需要譯出的部分中“被嚇倒”因發(fā)生在前半句描述的情況之前,所以應(yīng)選擇過去完成時。過去完成時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為had been done,因此譯為because she had been frightened by that horror film。
50.【答案】happened to find some ancient coins或chanced upon some ancient coins
【解析】本題的主要考點在于固定搭配。表達(dá)“偶然”之意可用happen to do,也可考慮chance upon,