考研英語(yǔ)完型填空解題技巧

　　完形填空是考研英語(yǔ)中的一道大題，知道該怎么解答它，我們就能夠拿到更多的分。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的考研英語(yǔ)完型填空解題技巧，供大家參閱!

　　考研英語(yǔ)完型填空解題技巧

　　目標(biāo):6分到7分. 完型4分技巧: 和英語(yǔ)水平無(wú)關(guān)。

　　紅花綠葉原則,

　　1. 紅花詞匯(必選的單詞) however although yet because

　　2. 綠葉詞匯(必不選的單詞)

　　① since(家族都不選) even since ,now that,what.

　?、?涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣的詞匯(表示與現(xiàn)實(shí)相反或不相符的情況) if only 但愿. 與過(guò)去相

　　反,從句過(guò)去完成 與現(xiàn)在相反,一般過(guò)去時(shí) 與將來(lái)情況相反 would/could+v 所以用if only 最少是過(guò)去時(shí).一般在文中很少選擇,in case(唯恐,萬(wàn)一以免),lest,or else.(否則要不然)

　?、?表示關(guān)于的詞 as to，with regard to，about，with︱in reference to，

　　3. 2-5道紅花綠葉詞匯.

　　概率原則：

　　1. 每篇完形填空中，A,B,C,D作為正確選項(xiàng)的個(gè)數(shù)在4-6之間。

　　2. A選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)最多，蒙一水的A。

　　3. 沒(méi)有連續(xù)三個(gè)答案都一樣的情況。連續(xù)兩個(gè)答案都連在一起的答案0-3.相鄰答案都不

　　一樣的概率17-20.

　　4. 五組答案中至少要出現(xiàn)3個(gè)字母作為正確選項(xiàng)，每組接縫處沒(méi)有連續(xù)兩個(gè)答案是一樣的

　　情況。

　　5. 閱讀理解也有此規(guī)律。

　　，我拼搏我自信，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的精神家園!

　　4-7分技巧：

　　同義原則：

　　1. 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中兩個(gè)或三個(gè)實(shí)詞(名、動(dòng)、形、副)互為同義時(shí)，答案往往在其中。

　　2. 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中當(dāng)兩個(gè)或三個(gè)虛詞互為同義詞是往往都不選，介詞，連詞，感嘆詞。

　　3. 當(dāng)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)有一個(gè)共同的意思時(shí)，該意思往往不能被選。

　　邏輯關(guān)系題原則：最重要的一個(gè)(7個(gè)左右)，通過(guò)前后句的意思及其內(nèi)在關(guān)系來(lái)判定答案的題目。(本質(zhì)上是閱讀)。內(nèi)容：對(duì)立>因果>并列>總分>遞進(jìn)。

　　1.表示對(duì)立關(guān)系：(3分)

　　① 轉(zhuǎn)折：however、but、yet、nevertheless

　?、?讓步：although、though、even though、even if 、much as、as，while、whereas

　　其它：against、instead of、rather than、admit、ignoring、on the contrary、by constrast。

　　對(duì)立關(guān)系考點(diǎn)：

　?、俸缶鋵?duì)前句直接否定是，叫轉(zhuǎn)折。當(dāng)后句是對(duì)前句間接部分否定時(shí)，叫讓步。Although和but，because和for不能在同一句中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。Although、because從屬連詞。But、for(and)并列連詞。從屬連詞既可以放在句首，又可以放在句中，從屬連詞放在句中時(shí)前面一般不加逗號(hào)。而并列連詞只能放在句中，前面逗號(hào)可加可不加。For后面跟的是一個(gè)句就是連詞不可以放，如果只是一個(gè)名

　　詞時(shí)就是介詞短語(yǔ)可以隨意放的.

　?、?ough做副詞時(shí)可以插入狀語(yǔ)。放于中間時(shí)前后都要有逗號(hào)。

　　③ while和whereas的區(qū)別。While可引導(dǎo)省略式的狀語(yǔ)從句，whereas不行。

　　While可引導(dǎo)省略式的狀語(yǔ)從句的條件：一從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)相一致，二，從句是 系表結(jié)構(gòu)。滿(mǎn)足這兩個(gè)條件后，從句的主語(yǔ)和系東西可省略。

　　例：The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans.

　　48.[A] but [B] while [C] and [D] whereas

　　The phenomenon is avoiding while:盡管，雖然 當(dāng)…..的時(shí)候 于此同時(shí).

　?、?判斷對(duì)立關(guān)系的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：

　　A.根據(jù)句子意思標(biāo)準(zhǔn).

　　B.根據(jù)褒貶色彩。

　　He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil.

　　"Benefits" have been weighed 40 "harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult

　　40.[A] above [B] upon [C] against [D] with

　　C.根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu),前面肯定后面否定,或者前面否定,后面肯定.

　　例如:not題目?jī)蓚€(gè)句子之間的關(guān)系;選項(xiàng)是一些表對(duì)立關(guān)系的詞。

　　All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 40 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

　　40.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D]supposing

　　38 This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.

　　38. [A] on the contrary [B] on the average C] on the whole [D] on the other hand

　　B項(xiàng)一定要有數(shù)字才能用，D項(xiàng)一定要有on one hand

　　48 31題。P54 6題。每年都有一道not題目。

　?、葑⒁?，邏輯關(guān)系題目?jī)?yōu)先做的理由

　　A. 選項(xiàng)都認(rèn)識(shí) b范圍確定 c.往往不需要通讀全文,只要看前后句子.

　　考研英語(yǔ)完型填空解題方法

　　三板斧:紅花綠葉，邏輯關(guān)系，同義原則。P45

　　因果關(guān)系，我拼搏我自信，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的精神家園!

　　表原因的詞:because、in that、now that、since、as、for、as a result of、considering 表結(jié)果的詞：so that，such that、as a result 、lead to、consequently、therefore、hence、thus、so

　　P41 46題 p52 34題目 Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working children are

　　likely to have less supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 .

　　34. [A] contrarily [B] consequently [C]similar [D] simultaneously

　　因果關(guān)系 A是對(duì)比關(guān)系。C和d是并列關(guān)系用詞，但是文中分號(hào)的作用已經(jīng)說(shuō)明邏輯關(guān)系，不用再用c和d。 Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28 to criticism.

　　26.[A] considering [B] ignoring

　　27.[A] on [B] in [C] highlighting [C] for [D] discarding [D] with 表對(duì)立，c之所以不行使因?yàn)楹蚢lso重復(fù)。The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population. __1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly __2__. To help homeless people __3__ independence, the federal government must support job training programs, __4__ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.

　　1. [A] Indeed [B] Likewise [C] Therefore [D] Furthermore Such…..that 表因果所以c不可選,重復(fù)了.

　　3并列關(guān)系.常用詞:and、as well as、likewise、while、similarly、simultaneously、meanwhile.

　　And題三種做題方法: ，我拼搏我自信，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的精神家園! a,and前后選擇同意詞.2003 23.此考法比較少 B.and前后考同一個(gè)范圍的詞。如03年25題。

　　C.句子對(duì)應(yīng)成分分析。如形對(duì)形。

　　A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 .

　　37. [A] off [B] down [C] out [D] alone

　　Let down失望，沮喪let off 泄漏 let out 淘汰 let alone 更不用說(shuō)，不用去管。 Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes.

　　21. [A] thought [B] idea [C] opinion [D] advice

　　句子之間的并列關(guān)系。Give idea/opinion+on/about 搭配不對(duì)give advice to sb on sth。

　　Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that

　　they have learned criminal behavior through 23 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.(2003)

　　21.[A] acting

　　22.[A] before [B] relying [B] unless [C] centering [C] until [C] cooperation [C] reference [D] commenting [D] because [D] consultation [D] response 23.[A] interactions [B] assimilation 24.[A] return [B] reply

　　25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else

　　本段總分結(jié)構(gòu)，2，3句話(huà)是并列結(jié)構(gòu)。focusing on 以…..為焦點(diǎn),對(duì)應(yīng)21題目的選項(xiàng). In reference to 關(guān)于 綠葉詞 in reply to 對(duì)…...進(jìn)行答復(fù) in return to作為…..的報(bào)答. In response to 對(duì)…..作出反應(yīng).failure to 沒(méi)能夠,未能夠.

　　4. 總分關(guān)系:for example、for instance(插入狀語(yǔ)) 、such as、including.

　　例:2001 The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.

　　31.[A] as to [B] for instance [C] in particular [D] such as

　　prominent cases重大案件the trial of Rosemary West 羅斯瑪麗的小案 as to關(guān)于綠葉.b要當(dāng)選前后要有逗號(hào).

　　2003However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 . publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.

　　28. [A] in effect [B] as a result [C] for example [D] in a sense 13年來(lái)考察的插入狀語(yǔ). for example、for instance though.

　　5. 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系(考的不多):still、also、indeed、furhermore(進(jìn)一步)、moreover(而且，

　　除外)highlighting(突出強(qiáng)調(diào))

　　a.遞進(jìn)關(guān)系是并列關(guān)系的一種。

　　B.stil與also的區(qū)別。Still是指意見(jiàn)事情的遞進(jìn)。Also可以指一件，有可以指兩件事情。

　　C.furthermore僅指同一間事情的遞進(jìn)，indeed，可以指一件，有可以指兩件事情。 最好能做對(duì)8-9個(gè)。

　　復(fù)現(xiàn)原則:某一概念在完型填空中出現(xiàn)兩次或者兩次以上時(shí)，它的提法應(yīng)該是以一樣的，也就是相對(duì)應(yīng)的成分彼此互為答案。

　　The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it __14__ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can __15__ new receptors if necessary. This may __16__ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not __17__ of the usual smell of our own house but we __18__ new smells when we visit someone else’s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors __19__ for unfamiliar and emergency signals __20__ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.

　　16. [A]stil [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless

　　17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired

　　18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice

　　19. [A]availabe [B]reliable [C]identifiable[D]suitable

　　20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from

　　This lack of parental supervision is thought to be Othe……

　　29. [A] affect

　　30. [A] point [B] reduce [B] lead [C] check [C] come [D] reflect [D] amount

　　31. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length

　　32. [A] case

　　33. [A] survived

　　experienced

　　34. [A] contrarily [B] consequently [C]similar [D] simultaneously

　　35. [A] than

　　36. [A] system [B] that [C] which [D] as [B] short [B] noticed [C] turn [D] essence [D] [C] undertaken [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage

　　31,that處，名詞后加that，兩種可能性定語(yǔ)從句或者同位語(yǔ)，完整的一句話(huà)是同位語(yǔ)，缺成分的是從句。本處缺主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)選擇，他們的邏輯關(guān)系直接決定謂語(yǔ)的選擇。

　　31處.后面是的make/keep/find +賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).13年之考過(guò)這三個(gè)詞引導(dǎo)過(guò)賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ).

　　33前面also表示遞進(jìn),是三段引領(lǐng)的總分結(jié)構(gòu),為了做36題目.36題呼應(yīng)29前面的. 2004的要背一背.2003的要背一背.