巔峰用英語怎么說及如何造句
巔峰指事物發(fā)展的高峰，如：做人就像是買股票，任何巔峰都是暫時(shí)的,它也許是下一個(gè)深淵的起點(diǎn)。那么你知道巔峰的英語是什么嗎?現(xiàn)在跟學(xué)習(xí)啦小編一起學(xué)習(xí)巔峰的英語表達(dá)及例句吧。
巔峰英語說法
peakedness
pinnacle
巔峰的英語例句
情緒巔峰與股市最好的時(shí)期相差超過一個(gè)月的情況很少。
It rarely has peaked more than a month or two before or after the top.
這是一位處于巔峰狀態(tài)的舞蹈家。
This is a dancer in her prime.
您激勵他們達(dá)到了巔峰的表現(xiàn)。
You motivated them to peak performance.
通往巔峰的路必定崎嶇不平。
Rough is the road that leads to the heights of greatness.
這是價(jià)錢達(dá)到巔峰的征兆。
Mass participation was a sign that the market had peaked.
最重要的是在正確的時(shí)間達(dá)到巔峰狀態(tài)。
The most important thing is to peak at the right moments.
她周密地制訂了達(dá)到她職業(yè)巔峰的行動計(jì)劃。
She had carefully charted her route to the top of her profession.
我想或許你已經(jīng)過了巔峰。
I think you might be over the hill.
但劉少奇沒有領(lǐng)會他這番講話的真實(shí)意圖，還是我行我素，因?yàn)樘幱跈?quán)力巔峰而鋒芒畢露，不知收斂。
Liu had no sense of propriety because he was just in the peak of power.
如果你是在巔峰狀態(tài)的話，我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被你剁成碎片了。
You could have chopped me into confetti by now if you were in tip top condition.
恰好是在25年前的今天，英格蘭隊(duì)在世界杯上奪冠，到達(dá)了足球運(yùn)動的巔峰。
Twenty-five years ago, to the day, England reached the sport's Pinnacle by winning the World Cup.
目前，由于私有化和隨后進(jìn)行的石油資產(chǎn)現(xiàn)代化，俄羅斯石油產(chǎn)量已經(jīng)回復(fù)到接近巔峰時(shí)期的水平。
Currently, Russia is back to near peak production levels due to privatization and subsequent modernization of its oil assets.
奧森·韋爾斯把處在事業(yè)巔峰的她戲稱為“世上最令人興奮的女人”。
At the height of her career, Orson Welles dubbed her 'the most exciting woman in the world'.
腓特烈大帝軍事上的巔峰時(shí)刻
The military glories of Frederick the Great
那場危機(jī)在1974年7月達(dá)到巔峰。
The crisis peaked in July 1974.
他正處于事業(yè)的巔峰。
He is at the prime of his career.
作為一名職業(yè)運(yùn)動員，他的巔峰時(shí)期已過。
He is over the hill as a professional athlete.
每年它們需要排練125天以保持巔峰的健身和技能。
125 days a year are spent rehearsing and training Lord of the dance to ensure peak fitness and ability.
在悉尼生活了6年后，他在網(wǎng)絡(luò)熱潮巔峰時(shí)期回到加州的帕洛阿爾托。
After six years in Sydney, he returned to Palo Alto, California at the peak of dotcom mania.
這部電影標(biāo)志著她演藝生涯的巔峰。
This film marked the pinnacle of her acting career.
據(jù)赫伯特金融摘要的調(diào)查，情緒在5月3號到達(dá)巔峰，這天也正好是股市的巔峰。
According to the HFD survey, sentiment peaked on May3, the very day of the market's top.
關(guān)于巔峰的英文閱讀：如何在工作時(shí)快速進(jìn)入巔峰狀態(tài)
Know that sensation when you're working out or cranking on a project, and time starts to pass quickly, distractions melt away, and you feel like you're in the zone?
有沒有體驗(yàn)過這樣一種感覺：當(dāng)你正在從事或啟動一個(gè)項(xiàng)目時(shí)，時(shí)間開始飛逝，雜念迅速消融，你覺得你正處于巔峰狀態(tài)?
It's a real biological process, with a large and growing body of research dedicated to figuring it out what makes it work.
這是一個(gè)真正的生物學(xué)進(jìn)程，為數(shù)眾多且數(shù)量還在增長的研究機(jī)構(gòu)正在設(shè)法搞清楚這種狀態(tài)的形成機(jī)理。
The concept is called flow, a term popularized in the 1990s by psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. (Bill Clinton is reportedly a fan.) In a new book called The Rise of Superman: Decoding the Science of Ultimate Human Performance, journalist Steven Kotler takes on the latest research on flow through the lens of action and adventure athletics. Kotler writes primarily about flow in high-stakes sports like surfing -- where focus and concentration can be the difference between a tubular ride and a watery death -- but the concept could also have big implications for the business world. Kotler spoke to Fortune about the science behind flow, its potential to boost workplace productivity, and how to get yourself in the zone.
這個(gè)概念被稱為“心流”(flow)，一個(gè)由心理學(xué)家米哈里?米哈伊普在上世紀(jì)90年代普及開來的術(shù)語。(據(jù)說美國前總統(tǒng)比爾?克林頓是他的粉絲。)在一本名為《超人的崛起：解讀人類終極效能的科學(xué)》(The Rise of Superman: Decoding the Science of Ultimate Human Performance)的新書中，記者史蒂芬?科特勒透過極限和冒險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動的視角為我們呈現(xiàn)了心流領(lǐng)域的最新研究成果。科特勒主要探討從事高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動時(shí)的心流活動——比如沖浪，你究竟是一飛沖天還是跌入水中，關(guān)鍵取決于你能否保持專注度和注意力——但這個(gè)概念也有可能對商業(yè)世界產(chǎn)生重大影響。近日接受《財(cái)富》雜志(Fortune)專訪時(shí)，科特勒暢談了心流背后的科學(xué)，它推動職場生產(chǎn)力的潛力，以及如何讓你進(jìn)入巔峰狀態(tài)等問題。
Edited excerpts of the conversation follow.
下面是這次采訪的摘要：
Fortune: Why study flow?
《財(cái)富》：你為什么要研究心流?
Steven Kotler: When I was 30 years old I got very, very sick. I spent three years in bed. The doctors didn't know what was wrong with me. It was surfing and flow states that brought me back to health.
史蒂芬?科特勒：30歲時(shí)，我得了一場重病，臥床3年。醫(yī)生們不知道我究竟是哪里出了問題。正是沖浪和心流狀態(tài)讓我恢復(fù)了健康。
I thought I was losing my mind because I kept having these quasi-mystical experiences out in the waves, and I was a science writer, and I don't have quasi-mystical experiences. In the beginning I thought, What the hell is going on with me? What I learned later is that the neurochemical experiences produced during flow all boost the immune system and reset the nervous system, which is why it helped with an autoimmune condition, and which explained my otherworldly sensations.
我原以為我精神錯(cuò)亂了，因?yàn)槲以跊_浪時(shí)不停地產(chǎn)生這些準(zhǔn)神秘色彩的體驗(yàn)。我是一位科普作家，以前從來沒有過這種感受。開始的時(shí)候，我一直在想，我到底是怎么回事啊?我后來才知道，心流過程產(chǎn)生的神經(jīng)化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以促進(jìn)免疫系統(tǒng)，重置神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。這就是它為什么有助于形成一種自身免疫性狀態(tài)，也是讓我產(chǎn)生超凡脫俗之感的原因所在。
The difference was amazing. And I started to realize that the same thing that took me from really sub-optimal -- I was functional for like 10% of the time -- to 80% functional after six months of surfing in frequent flow states, is something that could take somebody who's at normal to higher and higher levels.
前后的差異令人驚嘆。我開始意識到，幫助我將身體機(jī)能正常運(yùn)作的時(shí)間比重從10%(真正的次優(yōu)級別)提升至80%(這是6個(gè)月的沖浪，頻繁體驗(yàn)心流狀態(tài)的成果)的事物，也能夠把一個(gè)正常人的身體機(jī)能提升到越來越高的水平。
Can you define flow?
你能給心流下個(gè)定義嗎?
Flow is an optimal state of consciousness where we feel our best and perform our best. Here's what you need to know: Flow is a spectrum of experience, like any emotion. There are 10 conditions that describe flow psychology, and they include concentration, the loss of self, and the dilation of time -- or when everything slows down or speeds up. You can be in "micro-flow," where there's only a couple of those things, or you can be in "macro-flow."
心流是意識的一種最佳狀態(tài)。在這種狀態(tài)下，我們的感受和表現(xiàn)都處于峰值。你需要了解下面這些知識：像任何情緒一樣，心流是一連串體驗(yàn)。要形成心流，需要10個(gè)條件，其中包括專注，自我意識消失，時(shí)間的擴(kuò)張，或者當(dāng)一切都減慢或加速的時(shí)候。你可以處在“微流”狀態(tài)(在這種狀態(tài)下，你只具備這些條件中的少數(shù)幾個(gè))，或者你可以處于“宏流”狀態(tài)。
When we talk about people at work getting into flow, they're usually getting into micro-flow. If you've ever lost an afternoon to a great conversation, or gotten so sucked into a work project when everything else goes away, that's flow. The experience goes from there up to these sort of quasi-mystical experiences.
當(dāng)我們說某人在工作時(shí)進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)，他或她通常進(jìn)入的是微流狀態(tài)。如果你不知不覺地跟某人非常盡興地談了一下午，或者心無旁騖地從事一個(gè)工作項(xiàng)目，仿佛其他一切都消失了，那就是心流。你的感受從那里提升至這些帶有準(zhǔn)神秘色彩的體驗(yàn)。
And this is a clinically measurable, physical process?
那么，這是一種可以在臨床上測量的物理過程嗎?
Yes. Flow research started probably in the 1800s. What has happened in the last couple years is that we've gotten very good at measuring the neurobiology. That's partially because George Bush declared the '90s the "Decade of the Brain," and money flooded into neuroscience.
是的。心流研究或許從19世紀(jì)就開始了。過去這么多年的主要成果是，我們已經(jīng)非常擅于測量神經(jīng)生物學(xué)。部分原因在于，喬治?布什宣稱20世紀(jì)90年代是“大腦的十年”，大量金錢隨后涌入神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域。
So for example, when it feels like your sense of time slows down or speeds up, and your sense of self vanishes -- those sound like new-agey sensations. But we know now that what actually goes on in the brain is something called transient hypofrontality. Transient means temporary, hypo is the opposite of hyper -- it means to slow down or deactivate. And frontality is your prefrontal cortex; it's the part of your brain that houses all your higher executive function.
舉例來說，當(dāng)你的時(shí)間感減慢或加快，你的自我意識消失(這些聽起來就像是身處新紀(jì)元的感受)，你過去不知道這是怎么回事。但我們現(xiàn)在知道，你的大腦其實(shí)正處于一種被稱為“瞬時(shí)腦前額葉功能低下”(transient hypofrontality)的狀態(tài)。瞬時(shí)意味著這種狀態(tài)是暫時(shí)的，低下(hypo)是超高(hyper)的反面——它意味著放慢、甚至完全停止。Frontality指你的前額葉皮層;作為大腦的一部分，它容納了所有更高級別的執(zhí)行功能。
So the old idea about optimal performance is, "Oh, we only use 5% of our brain, and flow must be all of our brain functioning at a maximal level." Turns out that's totally backwards. In flow, huge portions of your prefrontal cortex are turning off. Parts of it start to wink out so you can no longer separate past from present from future. Why does your sense of self vanish? The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex that houses your inner critic -- that voice of doubt and disparagement that's always there -- it shuts off in flow.
關(guān)于最佳表現(xiàn)的舊觀念是：“哦，我們只使用了大腦的5%，心流肯定是指大腦的所有功能都處在最高水平。”事實(shí)證明，這種看法完全過時(shí)了。處在心流狀態(tài)下時(shí)，前額葉皮層的相當(dāng)大一部分正在關(guān)閉，開始終止運(yùn)行，于是你就再也無法分清過去、現(xiàn)在和未來。為什么你的自我意識消失了?那是因?yàn)椋谛牧鬟^程中，存儲你內(nèi)心的批評家(即總是在那里的質(zhì)疑聲和貶低聲)的背外側(cè)前額葉皮層關(guān)閉了。
And this concept of becoming one with everything? You hear surfers talk about, "Oh I was one with the wave," and it sounds like absolute nonsense. No, it turns out there's a part of your brain called the right parietal lobe that helps you figure out where you are in space. It helps us separate self from other. In deep flow states, energy goes elsewhere and the right parietal lobe shuts down. So, from a neurological perspective, at that point the brain actually does believe it's one with everything.
那么，這個(gè)概念是不是指“與萬物合一”?你聽到一些沖浪者說，“哦，我與浪濤融為一體了，”這聽起來就像是廢話。不，事實(shí)證明，你的大腦中有一個(gè)被稱為右頂葉的部分，它正在幫助你搞清楚你處于空間的何處。它幫助我們區(qū)分自我和外在事物。在深度心流狀態(tài)下，能量流向其他地方，右頂葉關(guān)閉。所以，從神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的角度來看，在這一時(shí)點(diǎn)，大腦確實(shí)認(rèn)為自己與萬物合一了。
What good is all this in the business world?
所有這一切對商業(yè)世界有什么好處?
A study conducted by McKinsey found that the average person spends about 5% of working hours in flow. But if you could increase that to 20%, they estimate that overall workplace productivity would double. That's incredible. That's a crazy statistic.
麥肯錫公司(McKinsey)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，普通人在大約5%的工作時(shí)間內(nèi)處于心流狀態(tài)。但如果你能夠?qū)⑦@個(gè)比重提高至20%，他們預(yù)測稱整個(gè)工作場所的生產(chǎn)力將翻一番。真是難以置信。這是一個(gè)非常瘋狂的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字。
There are 15 flow triggers that are covered in The Rise of Superman. For example, you want a very specific challenge-to-skills ratio. The challenge needs to be 4% greater than the skills you bring to the table. We took that number and ran with it, and tried to test it in various scenarios, and we have found it's very effective.
《超人的崛起》介紹了15種心流觸發(fā)器。比如，你想要一個(gè)非常明確的挑戰(zhàn)技能比。挑戰(zhàn)需要比你能夠拿出來的技能高出4%。我們接受這個(gè)數(shù)字，用它運(yùn)行，同時(shí)嘗試著在各種情況下對它進(jìn)行測試，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣做非常有效。
A rich environment is another trigger. A rich environment is a fancy way of saying lots of novelty, lots of complexity, and lots of unpredictability. Google (GOOG) is great at this. They talk about 10x improvement and not 10% improvement. When you're asking for 10x improvement, you're throwing out all the existing assumptions, and you have to start radically new. You're massively increasing the amount of novelty, complexity, and unpredictability in your employees' work life.
豐富的環(huán)境是另一個(gè)觸發(fā)器。豐富的環(huán)境是一種別致的說法，意指大量的新奇感，復(fù)雜性和不可預(yù)測性。谷歌公司(Google)是這方面的高手。他們往往追求績效的10倍改善，而不是提高10%。當(dāng)你要求10倍的改善時(shí)，你就需要扔掉現(xiàn)有的所有假設(shè)，你必須得開始采用全新的方式。你需要大幅增加員工工作生活中的新奇感，復(fù)雜性和不可預(yù)測性。
Risk is also a flow trigger, which is obvious for athletes. But it's not just physical risk. What you're really trying to do is get the brain to release dopamine, which happens when we take physical risk -- as well as an emotional, social, intellectual, or creative risk. Silicon Valley has an advantage here because it gives people space to fail and take those risks.
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也是一個(gè)心流觸發(fā)器，對于運(yùn)動員來說，這一點(diǎn)顯而易見。但它不只是身體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。你真正想要做的事情是，讓大腦釋放多巴胺，當(dāng)我們承受身體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，以及情緒、社交、智力或創(chuàng)新風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)，這一幕就會出現(xiàn)。硅谷在這方面有一定優(yōu)勢，因?yàn)樗o予人們失敗和承受這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的空間。
Say I'm an executive, what's my easy answer for reaching a state of flow?
假如我是一位高管，有沒有一種簡單的方式讓我達(dá)到心流狀態(tài)?
There's no easy answer, and we always say this is not self-help. I will say that the people who are really good at this, they don't just go for flow at work, they want flow in their off-time, too. You're training the brain, and the more flow you get, the more flow you get.
沒有簡單的答案，我們一直強(qiáng)調(diào)這并不是自助活動。我想說的是，真正擅長此道的人不僅僅在工作中追求心流狀態(tài)，在業(yè)余時(shí)間里，他們也希望獲得這種狀態(tài)。大家需要訓(xùn)練自己的大腦。你進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)的次數(shù)越多，你就將獲得更多的心流狀態(tài)。
So what you're saying is, I should take up surfing.
照你的意思，我也應(yīng)該去沖浪。
Sure. And creative projects are great -- painting, writing, all that stuff. Creative side projects are really important because they're very common flow triggers. Playing sports helps, and not just action sports. But it's important to remember these neurochemicals are potent and addictive, and this can be dangerous stuff. It's not a quick fix. And it's not guaranteed.
當(dāng)然可以啊。你還可以繪畫，寫作，任何需要創(chuàng)造力的活動都行。創(chuàng)造性的工作外活動非常重要，因?yàn)樗鼈兪亲畛Ｒ姷男牧饔|發(fā)器。從事體育運(yùn)動的確有好處，并不限于極限運(yùn)動。但務(wù)必要銘記，這些神經(jīng)化學(xué)物質(zhì)非常強(qiáng)大，很容易上癮，也有可能成為危險(xiǎn)的東西。它并不是一個(gè)快速的解決之道，不一定會產(chǎn)生效果。
You can build your environment around these 15 flow triggers, but flow is still a happy accident when it happens. All we can do is make you more accident-prone.
大家可以圍繞這15個(gè)心流觸發(fā)器構(gòu)建你周圍的環(huán)境，但心流依然是一個(gè)幸福的意外，總是在不經(jīng)意間突然來到。我們能夠做的事情就是，讓自己更容易遭遇這樣的意外。
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