小學(xué)英語考試實用的復(fù)習(xí)資料
在考試之前要把自己之前學(xué)習(xí)過的英語知識在看一篇就萬無一失啦，下面小編就給大家整理了實用英語，歡迎大家閱讀
some /any
肯定句：I have some toys in my bedroom.
一般疑問句和否定句中：Do you have any brothers or sisters? He doesn’t have any pencils in his pencil case.
表示建議、請求等：Would you like some juice? Can I have some stamps?
祈使句
Sit down, please. Don’t open the door.. Let’s go to the park.
一：學(xué)生易錯詞匯
1. a, an的選擇: 元音字母開頭的單詞用an，輔音字母開頭的單詞用a.
2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數(shù)用has , 復(fù)數(shù)用have. I ,you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物，某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復(fù)數(shù)用there are.
5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.
6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什么) who (誰) where (哪里) whose (誰的) why(為什么)when(什么時候)which(哪一個)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢)
二：形容詞比較級詳解
當(dāng)我們需要對事物作出比較時，需要用到比較級。比較級的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：
什么 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如：
I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)
形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的，它的變化規(guī)則是：
?、?一般的直接在詞尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
?、?以e結(jié)尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,
③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，先改y為i再加er，如funny - funnier
?、?雙寫最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter
☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對應(yīng)的可比較的東西。
典型錯誤：My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發(fā)比你更長。)
比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你(整個人)，那么比較的對象就沒有可比性。
應(yīng)該改為：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比較級專項練習(xí): 一、從方框中選出合適的單詞完成句子 heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.
三：動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則
A、規(guī)則動詞
?、?一般直接在動詞的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d：如 lived , danced , used
?、?以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)
?、?雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped
B、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：
sing – sang ,
eat – ate ,
see – saw ,
have – had ,
do – did ,
go – went ,
take – took ,
buy – bought ,
get – got ,
read – read ,
fly – flew ,
am/is – was ,
are – were ,
say – said ,
leave – left ,
swim – swam ,
tell – told ,
draw – drew ,
come – came ,
lose – lost ,
find – found ,
drink – drank ,
hurt – hurt ,
feel – felt
四：動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則
?、?一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
?、?以e 結(jié)尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing
③ 雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting
五：句型專項歸類
1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面，可縮寫成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。
3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。
如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).
Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
☆注意☆ 小結(jié)：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上，
?、侔褎釉~be調(diào)到首位，其他照寫，末尾標(biāo)點符號變成問號即可。
?、跊]有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞(do，does，did)再把緊跟在后面的動詞變回原形，末尾標(biāo)點符號變成問號即可。
這三個助動詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句里的第一個單詞(助動詞)和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的。
4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：
What is this? It’s a computer.
What does he do? He’s a doctor.
Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.
Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.
How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問，如： how many(多少(數(shù)量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)
例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小結(jié)：how many 用來提問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，主要有以上三種句式搭配，
How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + do you have? 你有多少……?
How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + can you see? 你能看見多少……?
How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there…? 有多少……?
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