英語寫作必備句式結(jié)構(gòu)大全
英語寫作必備句式結(jié)構(gòu)大全
下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理的英語寫作必備句式結(jié)構(gòu)大全, 希望對大家有幫助。
英語寫作必備句式結(jié)構(gòu)大全
陳述句中有肯定句與否定句之分。其中可以分為以下五種:
?、?主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語,如:I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.
?、?主語+及物動詞+賓語,如:I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.
?、?主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語,如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 這樣可加雙賓語的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.
?、?主語+不及物動詞。如:I arrived at six last night.
?、?主語+系動詞+表語,如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.
在初中常見的句型中有There be…句型,表示存在某種事物,如:There is a map on the wall 其be動詞的形式要與其后面相近的那個名詞相一致。要注意的是這種句型加入助動詞后,也要保持be動詞,不要換用have,如:There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.
在句子結(jié)構(gòu)中要注意主謂一致的問題,即句子的主語與謂語動詞要相呼應(yīng)。要注意的有如下幾點:
① 用and連接兩個主語時一般應(yīng)視為復(fù)數(shù),但如一人身兼兩職時則要用單數(shù)謂語動詞形式,如:A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演員。而 a singer and a dancer 則要譯為:一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。
?、?有些以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞謂語動詞要用單數(shù),如: The news is good (news為不可數(shù)名詞)。
③ 有量詞時應(yīng)按量詞的數(shù)量計算;如: This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken.
?、?有些形單卻意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞,如: People are coming here 這樣的詞還有 Police,如果要講一個警察時,應(yīng)講 a policeman。兩個警察為 two policemen。又如 a policewoman, two policewomen
?、?所有不定代詞 each, either, neither, one, the other, nobody,nothing, anyone, anything, someone, something …要作為單數(shù)如: Someone is waiting for you 在并列句中表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系的連詞有:and not only … but also, neither … nor, either … or 如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞有: but和 yet,如: She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam.又如: I think the news is strange, yet it is true 表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞有:or, either … or,如: Hurry up, or you will be late for school 表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞有: for, so 如: They studied very hard, so they all passed the exam
賓語從句
① 在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當(dāng)賓語,如: I knew the man, 而這時也可以用一個句子來充當(dāng)賓語,如: I knew that he was a good man 這時賓語從句的連接詞有 that, (that 只在從句中起聯(lián)接作用,不在句中充當(dāng)語法成分,既不是主語也不是賓語,所以在口語中常常被省略。如: I am sure (that) she has passed the exam
?、?if, whether 它們在賓語從句中只起連接作用,不起語法作用,當(dāng)作是否講。從句中有 or not 結(jié)構(gòu)時,要用 whether, 如: I ask him if (whether) he has had his lunch I asks him whether he has had his lunch or not
③ what 它在賓語從句中除了作連接詞外,還要作主語或賓語成份,如: I don't understand what you said (what 作 said 的賓語)。又如: I asked him what made him sick (what 在賓語從句中作主語)。
?、?who,它也和what一樣,在句中除作連接詞外,可以充當(dāng)句中的成份,如:I know who she is looking for?
?、?whose 如: I want to know whose book this is?
⑥ which 如: Do you know which book is mine?
在連接詞中還有4個常用的連接副詞,
① how 它的應(yīng)用最廣,如: how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如: How much does it cost?
?、?when 它只是連接時間狀語,如: Please tell me when the meeting will begin?
?、?where 它連接地點狀語,如: Where are you from?
?、?why 它要連接的是原因狀語從句,如: The teacher asked why Tom didn't come to school.
在考試中常見到的考點是:賓語從句的時態(tài)與主句時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)問題。 ①主句謂語動詞如果是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r,賓語從句的時態(tài)可以是任何所需要的時態(tài),如: I know he didn't come. 我知道他沒來。 I know he will come tomorrow 我知道他明天來。I know he has gone to London 我知道他已去倫敦了。
?、谥骶渲械闹^語動詞若是過去時,賓語從句也要用過去時態(tài)中的某一種。比如:一般過去時,過去進(jìn)行時,過去將來時,過去完成時。除了在表達(dá)宇宙中的客觀真理時,不能用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如: I wanted to know when he would come The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun
時間狀語從句
其連接詞有:after, before, when, as, as soon as, until (till),while, since, by 其中較難掌握的有以下幾點
① until (till) 直到,在用 until 表達(dá)時間狀語的句子中,主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞是持續(xù)性動詞,它要用肯定句,如: I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night. 如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞,則要用否定句,如: He didn't go to bed until his mother came back
② 由 since, for, by, before 來引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。 since 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語是動作的開始時間,如: I have studied English since 1990. 而由 by引導(dǎo)的時間狀語通常是動作的結(jié)束時間,如: I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term 而before 則多用于完成時, ago 則多用于一般過去時,如: He had finished his work before twelve yesterday I left my hometown two years ago
③ 在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時表示將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時,如: If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday 也可以主句是一般過去時,從句用一般過去進(jìn)行時,如: He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park
④ 考試中常見的考點有:要學(xué)生區(qū)別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句,因在賓語從句中該用什么時態(tài)用什么時態(tài),如: I want to know if he will come here tomorrow 在賓語從句中的條件狀語從句與主句的關(guān)系,如: I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow
原因狀語
?、?because,應(yīng)譯為"因為"。它表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系最強(qiáng),如: He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard
?、?since 應(yīng)譯為"既然",如: Since you were ill yesterday I left some notes on your desk
?、?as 應(yīng)譯為"由于",如: As it is too hot we'd better go swimming since 與as 所表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系遠(yuǎn)比 because 弱得多。而 for 表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系最弱。它不能用于句首,如: He studies hard, for he wants to go to college
比較狀語從句
同級比較 as … as,如: This book is as good as that one 要注意的有兩點:
?、?as … as 中間要用原級而不是比較級。
?、?用形容詞還是副詞,如: Mary writes as carefully as Tom 而其否定句為not as (so) … as,如: They didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同級比較用比較級加 than, 如: He is younger than I am
要注意的是表示"越來越"這一概念時有兩個句型:
① 比較級+and+比較級,如: The days are getting longer and longer The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful
② 定冠詞 the +比較級+ the +比較級,如: The harder you study, the more you can learn 方式狀語中要注意的是as (連詞)與 like (介詞)的區(qū)別。 as 作為連詞其后接從句,如: Please do it as I did it 但后面的句子常作省略,如: Please do it as I 而 like 是介詞,其后要接的是賓語,如: Please do it like me
結(jié)果和目的狀語從句
主要有 so … that, so that, in order that等幾種用法。
?、?so … that 用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,so +形容詞+ a +名詞+ that,如: She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her 或用 such + a +形容詞+名詞+ that, 如: She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her
③ 在不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前只能用 such,如: It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic 又如: They are such good players that they should win the game.
④ 在much, many, few, little 之前只能用so,如: I have so little money that I can't buy it
?、?so … that 之間只有形容詞時,則不能用 such,如: It is so good that I want to buy
⑥ so tha
以上是一些比較基礎(chǔ)的英語句式,它有助你寫英語作文,希望你的英語成績能有所提高。