英語(yǔ)必修2Unit4解析
英語(yǔ)必修2Unit4解析
孩子的英語(yǔ)作文老是跟不上水平?不要怕,今天小編為大叫整理了人教版的必修2Unit4解析,大家可以看一看。
疑難追蹤
1.As a result, these endangered animals may even die out.(P25)
難句解讀
結(jié)果,這些瀕危的動(dòng)物甚至可能會(huì)消亡。
die out
意為“(動(dòng)植物物種)滅絕;(風(fēng)俗、習(xí)慣等)逐漸消失,消滅;(火)逐漸熄滅”。
例如:
This kind of tiger is dying out.
這種虎快要滅絕了。
Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date.
因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)過(guò)時(shí),許多傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗正逐漸消失。
The fire is dying out. You‘d better add some firewood.
火快滅了,你最好添點(diǎn)柴火。
難點(diǎn)深究
與die 相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)還有:
die away(聲音、光線、風(fēng)等)逐漸平息,漸弱;
die down(火、興奮程度)漸弱,漸息;(光線、聲音)靜下來(lái);
be dying for渴望,極想;
die off(家族,種族等)相繼死亡,(草木)先后枯死;
die of死于饑餓、寒冷、中毒、疾病、年老、憂(yōu)傷、發(fā)燒、熱等(內(nèi)因);
die from死于受傷、事故、粗心、飲酒等原因(外因)。
2.not enough food: loss of bamboo growing areas.(P25)
難句解讀
沒(méi)有足夠的食物:缺少種植竹子的地方。
loss
作名詞。意為“遺失,喪失;損失,損壞;輸,未贏”。其動(dòng)詞形式lose。
例如:
Did you report the loss of your jewellery to the police?
你有沒(méi)有把你丟失珠寶的事報(bào)告給警方?
The company suffered a heavy loss as a result of that mistake.
因?yàn)槟谴五e(cuò)誤,公司損失慘重。
He'll try his best to make up the loss.
他將努力彌補(bǔ)損失。
What made him unhappy was the loss of yerterday's football match.
昨天足球比賽輸了使他不高興。
難點(diǎn)深究
loss與lose常用語(yǔ)下列結(jié)構(gòu):
suffer a loss (of) 蒙受損失;
make up a loss 彌補(bǔ)損失;
at a loss 不知所措,困惑,虧損;
lose one's way 迷路;
lose oneself 沉湎于;
be lost in 沉迷于,埋首(干某事)。
3.Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province.(P25)
難句解讀
四川省臥龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)。
reserve
作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“ 預(yù)訂,預(yù)約,保留”;
作名詞,意為“ 保護(hù)區(qū)”。
reserve 常用于以下短語(yǔ):
reserve one's opinion 保留自己的意見(jiàn);reserve ticket 預(yù)訂票。
例如:
I have reserved a room for you at the hotel.
我已在旅館為你預(yù)訂了一個(gè)房間。
These seats are reserved for old and sick people.
這些座位是留給老弱病人的。
We reserve the right to refuse admission.
我們有權(quán)拒絕接收。
難點(diǎn)深究
表示“存錢(qián)”的詞有:reserve, keep, save, put away。
注意表示“訂票”,“訂位,房間”分別用:reserve, book,訂貨用order。
4.about 30-40 remain in the wild after being left in peace with no hunting.(P25)
難句解讀
在禁止捕獵華南虎之后大約還有30~40只存活。
in peace
意為“和平地,和睦地,安詳?shù)?rdquo;,在句中作狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于peacefully。
例如:
We live in peace with our neighbors.
我們與鄰居和睦相處。
I told him to go away and leave me in peace.
我叫他走開(kāi),別來(lái)打擾我。
難點(diǎn)深究
與peace相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)有:
make peace with 與……講和,與……和解;keep the peace維持治安,維護(hù)和平;
at peace(在句中作表語(yǔ),與at war 相對(duì))和平地,和好地;
at peace with 與……和平相處;
in times of peace和平時(shí)期。
5.Why are they in danger of disappearing?(P25)
難句解讀
它們?yōu)槭裁刺幱跍缃^的危險(xiǎn)中?
in danger (of)
意為“ 在危險(xiǎn)中;垂危”。
例如:
The doctor is trying his best to save the old man in danger.
這位醫(yī)生正在搶救生命垂危的老人。
The soldier is in danger of being hurt.
那位戰(zhàn)士有受傷的危險(xiǎn)。
難點(diǎn)深究
與danger 相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)有:
out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn);
full of danger 充滿(mǎn)危險(xiǎn);
a danger to… 對(duì)……構(gòu)成威脅;
face danger 面臨危險(xiǎn)。
注意區(qū)分in danger,和dangerous:
in danger,事物本事對(duì)別人沒(méi)威脅,但事物處于危險(xiǎn)的環(huán)境下;
dangerous事物本身對(duì)別人有威脅,別人說(shuō)這個(gè)事物是危險(xiǎn)的。
例如:
We cannot find the kid. It's dark, she must be in danger now.
小孩找不到了,天黑了,她處境危險(xiǎn)。
Swimming alone can be quite dangerous.
獨(dú)自游泳很危險(xiǎn)。
6.Flying carpet, please show me a place where there?s some wildlife protection.(P26)
難句解讀
飛毯,請(qǐng)把我?guī)У揭粋€(gè)有野生動(dòng)植物保護(hù)的地方去,好嗎?
some
表示“未知的或未確定的某個(gè)人或事物”。
例如:
She is playing chess with some boy.
她在和一個(gè)男孩下棋。
He has been to some city in Europe.
他去過(guò)歐洲的某個(gè)城市。
難點(diǎn)深究
注意區(qū)別some ,a, a certain:
上述三個(gè)詞都有“某一”之意。但some表示不確切的或說(shuō)話人不愿意具體說(shuō)明的人或事物,后一般不接人名。a后常跟人名,意為“一個(gè)叫……的人”。a certain表示已知但未加說(shuō)明的人或物,可修飾單復(fù)數(shù)名詞或人名。
例如:
Some man at the door is asking to see you.
門(mén)口有位男子要見(jiàn)你。
A Mr.Smith is waiting for you at door.
一位名叫史密斯的先生在門(mén)口等你。
He didn't attend the party for a certain reason.
由于某種原因他未參加晚會(huì)。
A certain Mr.Green telephoned while you were out.
你不在家時(shí)有位格林先生來(lái)過(guò)電話。
7.In relief Daisy burst into laughter.(P26)
難句解讀
戴茜如釋重負(fù),突然大笑起來(lái)。
relief
作名詞,意為“(痛苦或憂(yōu)慮)減輕或解除”;
relieve
作動(dòng)詞,意為“ 使減輕,解除”。
例如:
Much to my relief, her injuries were only slight.她的傷勢(shì)很輕,這使我大為放心。
Volunteers were requiredto relieve the labour shortage.
需要志愿者來(lái)緩解勞動(dòng)力的缺乏。
burst into…意為“突然……”,除此之外,還有“闖入”的意思。
例如:
The car skidded, turned over and burst into flames.
那汽車(chē)一打滑,翻倒后突然起火了。
When she saw me,she burst into tears.
她一看見(jiàn)我就放聲大哭。
My wife burst into tears when she heard the bad news.
我太太聽(tīng)到這個(gè)壞消息就哭了起來(lái)。
She burst into the room with her usual ebullience, and immediately started talking to everyone.
她像往常一樣興高采烈地沖進(jìn)了房間,立刻跟大家攀談起來(lái)。
He burst into our meeting and got sent away with a flea in his ear.
我們正在開(kāi)會(huì)他闖了進(jìn)來(lái),大家把他轟走了。
難點(diǎn)深究
與relief 和relieve相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):
in relief 如釋重負(fù),松了口氣;
to one's relief 使人放心(欣慰)的是;
find relief from 從……中擺脫出來(lái);
give a sign of relief 輕舒一口氣;
feel a sense of relief 如釋重負(fù);
relieve one's pain 減輕痛苦;
relieve sb. of a burden 解除某人的負(fù)擔(dān);
relieve one's mind 解除某人的憂(yōu)慮。
8.It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.(P26)
難句解讀
這體現(xiàn)了野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)的重要性,但是我愿意按照世界野生基金會(huì)的建議幫助你們。
suggest
作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“提議,建議;表明”。
suggest
作“建議,提議”后跟名詞,動(dòng)名詞或名詞性從句(用虛擬語(yǔ)氣);作“暗示,表明”后跟從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)根據(jù)句子的需要。
例如:
The manager suggested an earlier date for the meeting.
經(jīng)理建議召開(kāi)會(huì)議的日期定早一些。
I suggested going home.(=I suggested we (should) go home.)
我建議回家。
His cold look suggested that he didn't like the idea.
他的冷酷的表情表明他不喜歡這個(gè)主意。
9.“I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes,”it replied.(P26)
難句解讀
它回答說(shuō),“我這樣做可以防止蚊蟲(chóng)叮咬。”
protect…from
意為“保護(hù)……不受……(危害)”。
例如:
He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun.
他戴一副墨鏡以保護(hù)眼睛不受陽(yáng)光的傷害。
Happily, there's more than one way to protect software from bad data.
令人高興的是,有很多方法可以保護(hù)軟件免受壞數(shù)據(jù)的侵害。
難點(diǎn)深究
prevent…from,keep…from,stop…from和protect…from的區(qū)別:
前三個(gè)詞組的意義都是:阻止……做……或阻止某事的發(fā)生,而protect…from是表示保護(hù)…不受傷害 。prevent…from 和stop…from 用在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中from可以省略。 keep…from在表示此意時(shí),from不可以省略。keep…doing 是使……處在……狀態(tài)中的意思。prevent…from,keep…from還有stop…from 這三個(gè)句式中from后面的動(dòng)詞與from前面的詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),后面用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。
注意下面紅色字體體部分:
We must prevent the water from being polluted.
What stopped him from coming here.
The heavy rain kept us from coming on time.
I am sorry to have kept you waiting.
You had better wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun.
10.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)
難句解讀
它含有一種強(qiáng)效的藥物可以防止蚊蟲(chóng)叮咬。
contain
作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“ 包含,含有;容納;抑制,控制”,不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。
例如:
The big box contains that little boy's toys.
這個(gè)大盒子裝有那個(gè)小男孩的玩具。
The classroom can contain 300 students.
這個(gè)教室可容納300名學(xué)生。
She was too angry to contain herself.
她氣急了,無(wú)法控制自己。
affect 作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“ 影響;(感情上)打動(dòng),感動(dòng)”。
例句:
Thousands of people were affected by the floods.
成千上萬(wàn)的人受到了洪水的影響。
The story affected us deeply.
故事深深地打動(dòng)了我們。
難點(diǎn)深究
注意contain, include與hold的區(qū)別:
contain指作為組成部分被“包含”或“容納”在內(nèi),被包含的東西既可有形,也可無(wú)形。
include側(cè)重被包含者只是整體中的一部分。
hold指有能力“容納”,或有足夠的“容量”。
例如:
This bottle contains two glasses of beer.
這個(gè)瓶子裝有兩杯啤酒。
This book contains important information.
這本書(shū)里有重要的信息。
The whole class,including the teacher,went to the farm to pick up apples.
全班同學(xué)包括老師都去農(nóng)場(chǎng)摘蘋(píng)果了。
The car can hold four people.
這輛車(chē)可以容納4人。
How much water does the basin hold?
這個(gè)盆可容納多少水?
注意affect, effect與influence的區(qū)別:
affect 與 effect 均可表示“影響”,其區(qū)別是:前者是動(dòng)詞(及物),主要指一時(shí)的影響,著重影響的動(dòng)作,可指一般意義的影響(不分好壞),也可指不良影響;后者是名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù)),兩者的關(guān)系大致為:affect=have an effect on。注意effect 有時(shí)雖用作動(dòng)詞(及物),但不表示“影響”,而表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”或“產(chǎn)生”等。influence 表示“影響”,主要指對(duì)行為、性格、觀點(diǎn)等產(chǎn)生間接的或潛移默化的影響??捎米鲃?dòng)詞(及物)或名詞(通常不可數(shù),但有時(shí)可連用不定冠詞)。
例如:
To affect a policy is to have an effect on it.
影響一項(xiàng)政策就是對(duì)該政策具有一種影響。
The news did not affect her at all.=The news had no effect on her at all.
這條消息對(duì)她沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)影響。
He effected great changes in the company.
他使公司發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
What you read influences your thinking.
你讀的東西對(duì)你的思想有影響。
It‘s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso.
她的畫(huà)顯然受了畢加索的影響。
Television has a strong influence on people.
電視對(duì)人有很大的影響。
11.You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26)
難句解讀
你們應(yīng)當(dāng)更多地關(guān)注我生活的熱帶雨林,并且懂得動(dòng)物們是怎樣共存的。
pay attention to
意為“注意,專(zhuān)心,留心”,其中to 為介詞,后接名詞或V-ing。
例如:
You should pay attention to the teacher.
你應(yīng)該注意聽(tīng)老師講課。
Never mind about me. Please pay attentions to ladies.
不要管我, 請(qǐng)好好款待女客。
I've got to try to focus my attention on work.
我必須努力把注意力集中在工作上。
appreciate 做動(dòng)詞,意為“鑒賞;感激;意識(shí)到”。
例如:
I don't think you appreciate the difficulties this will cause.
我認(rèn)為你不完全了解這件事情會(huì)造成的困難。
I'd appreciate it if you would turn the radio down.
你把收音機(jī)的聲音調(diào)小一點(diǎn),我非常感激。
難點(diǎn)深究
與attention相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)還有:
draw/attract/catch one's attention to…引起某人的注意;
turn one's attention to 把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到……;fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on/upon注意力集中在……;
devote one's attention to把注意力放在……;Attention, please!請(qǐng)注意!(口語(yǔ))。
12.What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?(P27)
難句解讀
要成功地保護(hù)野生動(dòng)植物必須做什么?
succeed
作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“成功”,常接in(doing)sth.;它作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“完成;接替,繼任”,常用于succeed sb. as… (接替、繼任某人當(dāng)……)。
例如:
Did she succeed in (passing) the maths exam?她數(shù)學(xué)考試及格了嗎?
The attack to the enemies succeeded finally.
對(duì)敵人的進(jìn)攻最終成功了。
His eldest son succeeded to the title after he died.
他死后他的大兒子繼承了爵位。
13.Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?(P27)
難句解讀
他們能被雇用在公園工作而且不傷害動(dòng)物嗎?
employ
作動(dòng)詞,意為“ 雇用;使用”。常用于一下結(jié)構(gòu):employ sb. as… 雇用某人當(dāng)……;
employ sb. for… 雇人做……;
employ oneself in… 從事于……;
be employed in doing sth. 忙于做某事。
employ的形容詞形式有employable,意為“可雇用的”;employ的名詞形式有employer (雇主),employee (受雇者、雇工、雇員);employment (雇用,受雇;使用;工作;職業(yè))。
例如:
The boss employed 20 workers.
那位老板雇了20位工人。
His mother is employed in a shop.
他母親受雇于一家商店。
How do you employ your spare itme?
你怎樣利用業(yè)余時(shí)間?
難點(diǎn)深究
注意hire, employ, rent的區(qū)別:
hire作“雇用”解時(shí)與employ同義,但用法稍有不同。hire是一般用法,指普通的雇用,可用于人或物,如:hire a servant, hire a taxi。 employ是較正式的用語(yǔ),一般指大公司聘用職員,如 employ a teacher、employ a clerk、employ a manager等。rent只可用于物件(尤其建筑物類(lèi))。
例如:
Usually the villagers hire out boats to tourists on holiday.
通常村民假日向游客出租船只。
The company employs fifty people.
這個(gè)公司雇用了五十人。
She rented me a room at a low price.
她以較低價(jià)格租給我一間房子。
14.What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals?(P27)
難句解讀
應(yīng)該做什么來(lái)懲罰傷害動(dòng)物的人呢?
harm
既可作動(dòng)詞也可做名詞,意為“傷害,損害”。常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):cause/do harm to sb.給某人造成傷害;mean no harm并無(wú)惡意;It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事無(wú)害。
例如:
Harm set, harm get.
害人反害己。
She would never harm anyone.
她絕不會(huì)傷害任何人。
Pollution can harm people's health.
污染危害人的健康。
Super beauty soap does no harm to skin.
高級(jí)美容皂,對(duì)皮膚無(wú)刺激性。
15.What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes?(P29)
難句解讀
如果蚊子正在叮咬你,你該怎么做?
bite(bit,bitten)
既可做及物動(dòng)詞,也可作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“咬;叮;刺痛”。bite除了做動(dòng)詞外,還可以做名詞。
例如:
Mr. Li's dog bit a child yesterday.
昨天,李先生的狗咬了一個(gè)小孩。
Barking dogs seldom bite.
愛(ài)叫的狗不咬人。
The dog gave the mailman a bite.
這條狗將郵遞員咬了一口。
16.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.(P30)
難句解讀
千百萬(wàn)年前,恐龍就在地球上生活,比人類(lèi)的出現(xiàn)要早得多,當(dāng)時(shí)他們的前景好像也很安全。
long before
用于過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)的句子中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),既可以接短語(yǔ),也可以接從句,意為“……很久以前”;有時(shí)也可以單獨(dú)使用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。注意:before long意為“不久,不久以后”,相當(dāng)于soon,與將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)等連用,但不可以接從句。
例如:
The excited children came to the theatre long before the concert began.
在音樂(lè)會(huì)開(kāi)始之前很久,孩子們就到了劇院。
Long before, there was a big museum in the corner of the street.
很久以前,這里的拐角處有一座大博物館。
Before long he went to Canada to continue his further education.
不久他去了加拿大繼續(xù)深造。
come into being意為“形成;產(chǎn)生;成立”。
例如:
The United Nations came into being when the Second World War ended.
聯(lián)合國(guó)是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后成立的。
No one knows when such a custom first came into being.
沒(méi)人知道這一風(fēng)俗是何時(shí)開(kāi)始形成的。
難點(diǎn)深究
與come相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)有:
come about 發(fā)生,造成;
come across 碰到,偶然遇到;
come around 到來(lái),恢復(fù)知覺(jué);
come true (夢(mèng)想等) 實(shí)現(xiàn) ;
come on 開(kāi)始,打開(kāi),快點(diǎn)兒,加油,來(lái)呀;come up with 趕上,想出;
come in 進(jìn)來(lái);
come out 出現(xiàn),出來(lái)(指太陽(yáng)等),說(shuō)出,道出,(事情)變清楚;
come over 來(lái)訪,拜訪,過(guò)來(lái);
come to 意識(shí)到,清醒過(guò)來(lái),處理。
17.When scientists inspected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.(P30)
難句解讀
科學(xué)家們觀察他們的骨頭時(shí),驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們不僅跟其他恐龍一樣能跑,而且還可以爬樹(shù)。
inspect
作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“ 檢查;視察”。其名詞形式有inspector(檢查員;查票員),inspection ( 檢查;視察)inspectorate (視察團(tuán))。
例如:
He got out of the car to inspect the damage.
他下車(chē)檢查損壞情況。
The building is often inspected by the fire safety officer.
消防安全官經(jīng)常視查這座大樓。
難點(diǎn)深究
they were surprised to find…是主語(yǔ)+形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞往往是表示心理活動(dòng)的,接不定式時(shí),不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ),主動(dòng)用to do;被動(dòng)用to be done,也可以接從句。用于這一句式結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有:surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, eager, anxious, angry等。
18.According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.(P30)
難句解讀
根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)的一份報(bào)告,在過(guò)去500年里,大約有844種動(dòng)植物消失。
according to
意為“根據(jù)……所說(shuō);按照”。
例如:
According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.根據(jù)我們的記錄,你借的書(shū)現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該還給圖書(shū)室了。
According to George, she is a really good teacher.
按照喬治的說(shuō)法,她是一位真正的好老師。