英語寫作中容易出錯(cuò)的單詞有哪些

　　9. congratulate

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：She congratulated them for what they had achieved.

　　正確表達(dá)：congratulate (祝賀、道賀)常與介詞on/upon連用。例：

　　We congratulated him on having passed the examination.

　　10. passed

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：I past my driving test.

　　正確表達(dá)：動(dòng)詞pass的一般過去時(shí)變化是規(guī)則的，即passed; 而past不是動(dòng)詞形式，可作形容詞、名詞、介詞和副詞。故應(yīng)將上句中的past改為passed。例：

　　I’ve been ill for the past two weeks.

　　The old man is living in the past. 這位老人現(xiàn)在生活在過去之中。

　　11. cross

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：The soldiers acrossed the bridge by means of ladders.

　　正確表達(dá)：作介詞或副詞的across不能單獨(dú)作謂語，可將上句中的acrossed改為動(dòng)詞crossed或went across。

　　12. during

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：During you are away, I’ll be kind to him.

　　正確表達(dá)：during (在……內(nèi);在……時(shí)期中)是一介詞，故不能作關(guān)聯(lián)詞。上句須改為：While you are away, I’ll be kind to him. 例：

　　Not a word did they exchange during the meal.

　　13. between

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：You’re to sit between Tom and I.

　　正確表達(dá)：介詞between(在……之間)后的代詞應(yīng)用賓格，故上句應(yīng)改為：

　　You’re to sit between Tom and me.

　　14. more

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：My room is much more better than the one next door.

　　正確表達(dá)：上句中better已是形容詞比較級(jí)，故須去掉more。

　　15.upstairs

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：We go to upstairs to bed.

　　正確表達(dá)：作副詞時(shí)，upstairs及downstairs前不用介詞，上句應(yīng)改為：

　　We go upstairs to bed.

　　16. lately

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：He got here five minutes lately.

　　正確表達(dá)：lately是指“最近(recently)”,而late作副詞時(shí)是表示“晚;到很晚”，故上句應(yīng)改為：

　　He got here five minutes late.

　　Have you seen her lately?

　　△ 試比較以下含“形似意異”詞語的句子：

　　a. He works hard in school while his brother hardly ever reads a book.

　　在校他努力學(xué)習(xí)然而他弟弟幾乎不讀書。

　　b. Most of them, who were mostly friends of the manager, were saved in the fire.

　　他們中的大多數(shù)被從火災(zāi)中救了出來，他們主要是經(jīng)理的朋友。

　　c. Only when December draws near do I realize that it’s nearly Christmas.

　　只有當(dāng)十二月臨近我才意識(shí)到幾乎已是圣誕節(jié)了。

　　17. price

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：The owner charged an expensive price for his new flat.

　　正確表達(dá)：price常與high/reasonable/right/low 等連用，而expensive, cheap則常與表“物品”的名詞連用。例：

　　Loneliness is a high price to pay for independence in your old age.

　　孤寂是老年獨(dú)自生活要付出的高昂代價(jià)。

　　I can’t afford the car; it’s too expensive.

　　18. from place to place

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：Fishes in the ocean are carried from places to places by tides.

　　正確表達(dá)：英語中通常講究一個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)原則：兩個(gè)相同的名詞放在一個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)里，名詞一般用單數(shù)且前通常不加冠詞。例：

　　face to face(面對(duì)面)

　　hand in hand(手牽手)

　　side by side (并肩)

　　shoulder to shoulder(并肩、協(xié)力)neck and neck(賽馬等)并駕齊驅(qū)、不分上下day by day(指漸進(jìn)的過程)day after day(重復(fù)的單一的行動(dòng))

　　△ 但在諺語“以眼還眼 以牙還牙。”中則是：

　　an eye for an eye (and a tooth for a tooth)

　　19. key

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：The key of success is preparation.

　　正確表達(dá)：key作“最重要的事;答案、解釋、說明等”解時(shí)，其后常與to連用，構(gòu)成the key to sth. 例：

　　Here is a key to the grammar exercises.

　　20. what

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：All what I am afraid of is their taking him to Paris.

　　正確表達(dá)：關(guān)系代詞型的what相當(dāng)于the thing(s) that (which)，其前不能再用先行詞。上句可改為：

　　All that I am afraid of is their taking him to Paris. 或

　　What I am afraid of is their taking him to Paris.