表示原因

　　1)There are three reasons for this.

　　2)The reasons for this are as follows.

　　3)The reason for this is obvious.

　　4)The reason for this is not far to seek.

　　5)The reason for this is that...

　　6)We have good reason to believe that...

　　例如：

　　There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.

　　注：如考生寫第一個(gè)句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個(gè)句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。

　　●表示不同看法的句型:

　　1) Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/matter. Some believe that ...; Others argue that... :Still others maintain that ...

　　2) they are quite different from each other in their opinions.

　　3) Some people hold the opinion that it is good to ....

　　4) they think quite differently on this question.

　　5) Opinions vary from individual to individual, from culture to culture.

　　●表示必須,緊急,有困難做某事的句型:

　　1) It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for sb. to do sth.

　　2) ...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困難做某事)

　　引出不同觀點(diǎn):

　　People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. 人們對…的觀點(diǎn)因人而異.有些人認(rèn)為….. 然而其他人卻認(rèn)為...

　　People may have different opinions on… 人們對…可能會(huì)有不同的見解.

　　Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人們對待吸毒的態(tài)度因人而異.

　　There are different opinions among people as to… 關(guān)于…. 人們的觀點(diǎn)大不相同.

　　Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 對(失敗)人們的態(tài)度各不相同.

　　提出建議:

　　It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). 該是我們停止這一趨勢的時(shí)候了.

　　It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …

　　該是采納…的建議,并對…的進(jìn)展給予特殊重視的時(shí)候了.

　　There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of …

　　毫無疑問,對…問題應(yīng)予以足夠的重視.

　　Obviously,…. If we want to do something… , it is essential that…

　　顯然,如果我們想做某事,很重要的是…

　　Only in this way can we… 只有這樣,我們才能…

　　It must be realized that… 我們必須意識到…

　　預(yù)示后果:

　　Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger.

　　很明顯,如果我們不能控制這一問題,很有可能我們會(huì)陷入危險(xiǎn).

　　No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…

　　毫無疑問,除非我們采取有效措施,很可能會(huì)…

　　It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.

　　很緊迫的是,應(yīng)立即采取措施阻止這一事態(tài)的發(fā)展.

　　論證

　　From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.

　　在我看來,支持第一種觀點(diǎn)比支持第二種觀點(diǎn)更有道理.

　　I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我無法完全同意這一觀點(diǎn)….

　　Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就個(gè)人而言,我站在…的一邊.

　　I sincerely believe that… 我真誠地相信…

　　In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….

　　在我個(gè)人看來,做…比做…更明智.

　　Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why…

　　給出原因:

　　This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …

　　這一現(xiàn)象的存在是有許多原因的.首先, … 第二, … 第三, …

　　hy did… ? For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is…

　　為什么會(huì)…? 一個(gè)原因是… 令一個(gè)原因是… 或許其主要原因是….

　　I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows.

　　我十分贊同這一論述,即…,其主要原因如下:

　　列出解決辦法:

　　Here are some suggestions for handling… 這是如何處理某事的一些建議.

　　The best way to solve the troubles is… 解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是…

　　People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 人們已找出許多辦法來解決這個(gè)問題.

　　批判錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)和做法:

　　As far as something is concerned, …. 就某事而言,…

　　It was obvious that… 很顯然,….

　　It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that… 可能…是對的,但這并不意味著…

　　It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that…

　　認(rèn)為….是很自然的,但我們不應(yīng)忽視….

　　There is no evidence to suggest that… 沒有證據(jù)表明…

　　如何連接

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.

　　比較

　　like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.

　　對比

　　by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.

　　列舉for example, for instance, such as, take …for example. Except (for), to illustrate.

　　時(shí)間 later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.

　　順序 first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.

　　可能 presumably, probably, perhaps.

　　解釋 in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.

　　遞進(jìn) What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.

　　讓步although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.

　　轉(zhuǎn)折

　　however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. Whereas

　　原因 for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.

　　結(jié)果 as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.

　　總結(jié) on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.

　　其他 Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,

　　圖表作文常用句型

　　As is shown in the graph… 如圖所示…

　　The graph shows that… 圖表顯示…

　　As can be seen from the table,… 從表格中可以看出…

　　From the chart, we know that… 從這張表中,我們可知…

　　All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有這些數(shù)據(jù)明顯證明這一事實(shí),即…

　　The increase of …. In the city has reached to 20%. ….在這個(gè)城市的增長已達(dá)到20%.

　　In 1985, the number remained the same. 1985年,這個(gè)數(shù)字保持不變.

　　There was a gradual decline in 1989. 1989年,出現(xiàn)了逐漸下降的情況.

　　圖表作文

　　一. 上升增長

　　1.It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998.

　　2. there is an increase of 20% in total this year.

　　3. It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995.

　　1.…add up to… 增加了

　　eg. The total amount of … added up to 14 billion pounds(14%) in 1994.

　　2. to jump to / to soar to.. 一躍達(dá)到/ 猛增到…

　　eg. The total working days lost soared to 10 million in 1979.

　　3.…an increase of about…percent as compared with.. 與…相比大約增加了…

　　eg. In August as many as 39 car accidents were reported, indicating an increase of about 79% as compared with the number of January.

　　4.…to experience an increase/incline …有了增長

　　eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing an incline.

　　二. 下降，減少

　　It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996.

　　the total number was lowered by 10%.

　　It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year.

　　Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent.

　　1.…to sink/drop/reduce to… 減少到…

　　eg. The rate of strikes sank/dropped to the lowest point in 1979.

　　2.…to experience a decrease/decline …有了減少

　　eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease. 注意：

　　修飾上升/減少的副詞有：

　　rapidly slowly dramatically respectively 表達(dá)上升/減少的最后狀態(tài)的詞有：

　　the highest peak the lowest point 10 million 10%

　　三. 起伏

　　1.…to go up and down …起伏不定

　　eg. The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967.

　　2.There be ups and downs …有起有伏

　　eg. Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in (某方面).

　　四. 穩(wěn)定

　　1.…to remain steady/level/unchanged …保持穩(wěn)定，幾乎不變

　　eg. The rate of …remained steady (fairly level/almost unchanged) during the four years from 1963 to 1967.

　　2.…to level off (vi.)

　　eg. After a steady decline for a whole decade, the …rate shows signs of leveling off.

　　注意：

　　修飾起伏或穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)的副詞有：

　　almost fairly 可以用于表達(dá)起伏，穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)的句子中的詞組或句型：

　　the general situation was not worsening

　　show indications of improvement

　　it can be predicted that…

　　eg. The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,and it can be predicted that the general situation was not worsening.

　　eg. The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,showing signs of improvement in …

　　五. 成正比，反比

　　1.…be in direct /inverse ratio to/with 與…成正比/反比

　　eg. Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illustrations are in inverse ratio.

　　六. 占百分之幾，幾分之幾

　　1….to form/comprise/make up/constitute ….percent …占百分之…

　　eg. Women comprise more than 50% of the US.population.

　　eg. Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%.

　　2.…to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of……占…的1/2,1/3,1/4

　　eg. Female illustrions form less than a fourth of the total.

　　3.…account for…percent 占百分之幾

　　eg. ……, accounting for approximately 20 percent of…

　　七. 倍數(shù)

　　1.A be …times as much/many as B

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 times as much as that of Sichuan.

　　2.A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的兩倍，一半，三倍

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Jidda doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year.

　　It would be expected to increase 5 times.

　　the table shows a three times increase over that of last year.

　　the number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.

　　It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with…

　　描寫圖表和數(shù)據(jù)的句型

　　1) .. . rank first (both) in...

　　2) .. .in proportion to...

　　3) A is by far the largest...

　　4) As many as....

　　5) the number is ...times as much as that of ...

　　6) the figure has nearly doubled/tripled, as against that of last year.

　　7) It accounts for 35% of...

　　8) By comparison with ..., it decreased/increased/fell from...to...

　　9) ...rise rapidly(slowly)

　　10) ...remain level...

　　11) ...reach ...

　　12)there is a slight/slow/steady/rapid rise/increase demand./income./population./prices./production./decrease/decline/reduction/fall/drop in

　　13) be on the increase/decrease/rise/decline (……在不斷的增加,減少,上升,下降)

　　)

　　●圖表作文中的過渡、概括句型：

　　1) As can be indicated in the table, ...

　　2) As we could find out later， ...

　　3) As is revealed in the table，...

　　4) As the survey results show，...

　　5) This table provides several important points of comparison between，...

　　6) The two graphs depict the same thing in ...

　　7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:

　　8) According to the figures given in the table, ...

　　9) This chart shows that ...

　　10) As is shown by the graph, ...

　　11) It can be seen from the statistics that ...

　　12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ...