考研英語晨讀美文
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考研英語晨讀美文：讓愛天長地久的秘密
You want to know whether your relationship will last, don’t listen to those sweet nothings. But do pay close attention to the rest of your partner’s language.
如果你想知道自己和另一半的關(guān)系能否持久，不要被那些“甜言蜜語”騙了。你真正應(yīng)該關(guān)注的是對方在日常生活中的語言。
According to scientists, it is possible to predict whether a couple will break up by using a word association test—and it’s much more accurate than simply asking them how they feel about each other.
科學(xué)家近日指出，通過一項 “文字關(guān)聯(lián)測試”就有可能預(yù)測出兩人是否會分手——這種測試結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確率要比直接詢問雙方感受高。
In a study, volunteers were shown positive words, such as “peace” and “sharing”, and negative words, such as “grief”and “hostile”, alongside words they had supplied to describe their partner. In the first test, they were asked to press a button whenever they saw either positive words or partner-related words, and in the second, to do it whenever they saw negative words or partner-related words. The test had a time limit.
研究人員給志愿者提供了一些詞匯，這其中既有積極詞匯如“平和”、“樂于分享的”，也有消極詞匯如“悲傷”、“懷有敵意的”。另外志愿者自己也提供了一些詞匯來描述另一半。在第一項測試中，志愿者被要求一看到積極或者自己曾用來形容另一半的詞匯就壓下按鈕，而在第二項測試中，志愿者需要在看到消極或者自己曾用來形容另一半的詞匯按下按鈕。測試均有時間限制。
Study author Ronald Rogge said: “What really excited me in our results was that our measure seemed to do a better job of predicting outcomes than what the people told us about their relationships. People who exhibited negative feelings to their partners were about seven times more likely to break up over the next year.”
這項研究的作者羅納德.羅格稱：“令我感到興奮的是，我們的測量方法在預(yù)測二人關(guān)系方面似乎要比聽人們講述他們的關(guān)系得到的效果好一些。那些在實(shí)驗(yàn)中表示出對另一半消極感受的志愿者在第二年分手的可能性要比普通情況高出7 倍還多。”
“It really is giving us a unique glimpse into how people were feeling about their partners-giving us information that they were unable or unwilling to report. A lot of people don’t want to tell you if they’re starting to feel less happy in their relationship,” Rogge said.
“‘文關(guān)聯(lián)測試’提供了人們不能或者不愿訴說的信息，讓我們得以窺到人們對另一半的真實(shí)感受。許多人開始對自己和戀人的關(guān)系不甚滿意時并不想告訴你真實(shí)情況，”羅格說道。
考研英語晨讀美文：鍛煉讓你更聰明
if you want to boost your child’s results at school, you could do a lot worse than ensuring that they do plenty of exercise. Scientists have already shown that physical activity can make you brainier. But a team in America has used scans to show that an important part of the brain actually grows in children who are fit. These youngsters tend to be more intelligent and have better memories than those who are inactive.
如果想讓你的孩子在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)更加優(yōu)異一些，你就應(yīng)該讓他們多鍛煉身體。研究表明，活潑好動的孩子的大腦”更聰明“。美國的一組研究人員已經(jīng)通過掃描的方法顯示出活潑的孩子大腦中的一個重要部分比不喜歡運(yùn)動的兒童發(fā)育要快。比起不愛運(yùn)動的孩子，喜歡運(yùn)動的小孩學(xué)習(xí)成績更好、各方面表現(xiàn)也更優(yōu)異。
Scientists also found that one of the most important parts of their brains was 12 percent larger than those of unfit youngsters. They believe that encouraging children to take exercise from a very young age could help them do better at school later. Researchers from the University of Illinois, in the U.S., studied the brains of 49 children aged nine and ten using a magnetic resonance imaging scan, a technique which provides very detailed pictures of organs and tissues in the body.
實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，聰明孩子的大腦中重要部分的體積要比身材過胖、或者不健康的孩子大12%。研究者相信，從小就鼓勵孩子們運(yùn)動可以幫助他們在學(xué)校生活中發(fā)展得更好。美國一所大學(xué)運(yùn)用“磁共振”來進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)對象為49 名9—10 歲的兒童，這種技術(shù)可以精確的顯示出人體器官以及各個組織的具體情況。
They also tested the fitness levels of the children by making them run on a treadmill. The scientists found that the hippocampus, a part of the brain responsible for memory and learning, was around 12 percent larger in the fitter youngsters.
科學(xué)家通過讓孩子們在跑步機(jī)上跑步來測量它們的健康水平。大腦海馬區(qū)負(fù)責(zé)記憶和學(xué)習(xí)，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)體力好的孩子中的“大腦海馬區(qū)”比體力不好的孩子要大12%。
Professor who led the study said the findings had important implications for encouraging individuals to take part in sport from a young age. “We knew that experience and environmental factors and socioeconomic status all impact brain development,” he said. “If you get some lousy genes from your parents, you can’t really fix that, and it’s not easy to do something about your economic status. But here ’s something that we can do something about.”
實(shí)驗(yàn)的帶頭人說，研究的結(jié)果證實(shí)了讓孩子在年幼的時候加強(qiáng)身體鍛煉的重要性。“我們知道‘經(jīng)驗(yàn)’、‘環(huán)境’以及社會因素都會對大腦的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響。如果從父母那里遺傳得到的基因不夠好，你對此毫無辦法。如果身在經(jīng)濟(jì)條件不好的家庭，你也無能為力。但是通過鼓勵孩子多運(yùn)動，我們至少可以讓他們通過后天的鍛煉來尋求進(jìn)步。”
考研英語晨讀美文：青少年網(wǎng)絡(luò)秘語知多少
Teenagers on social networking site Bebo have created a secret language to stop adults knowing what they are up to, researchers say. Youngsters are using slang words to keep parents and employers in the dark about their social activities such as partying and drinking.
研究人員表示，青少年在社交網(wǎng)站Bebo 上創(chuàng)造出了一種秘密語言，只有他們自己能看懂這種語言，大人卻搞不懂。青少年創(chuàng)造出這些新的俚語，是為了不讓父母和雇主知道他們舉辦的一些活動，例如聚會和喝酒。
Instead of writing they are drunk, teens post “ Getting MWI ” -or mad with it. Being in a relationship is known as “taken” or “Ownageeee”, and “ Ridneck ” , a corruption of redneck, means to feel embarrassed. Meanwhile, girls posting “Legal” are indicating that they are above 16 and legally allowed to have sex.
如果想說喝醉了，青少年不會直接說"getting drunk"，而是說"getting MWI"，或者"mad with it"。如果要表述自己正在談戀愛，青少年會用"taken"，"ownageeee"這兩個詞。而"ridneck"則是故意用來替代"redneck"，用來表達(dá)感到困窘或難堪。如果有女孩子以"legal"來描述自己的狀況，意思是說她已經(jīng)年滿16 歲，可以合法進(jìn)行性行為。
Lisa Whittaker, a postgraduate student at the University of Stirling, who studied teens aged 16-18 in Scotland, said the slang had been created to keep their activities private, and cited the example of one young girl who was sacked after bosses found pictures of her drinking on the website. She said: “ Young people often distort the languages they use by making the pages difficult for those unfamiliar with the distortions and colloquialisms.②The language used on Bebo seems to go beyond abbreviations that are commonly used in text messaging, such as removing all the vowels. This is not just bad spelling, but a deliberate attempt to creatively misspell words. By doing this they are able to communicate with their in-group and conceal the content from the out-group.”
斯特靈大學(xué)的研究生麗莎·惠特克對愛爾蘭16 至18 歲的青少年進(jìn)行了研究。她表示，現(xiàn)在的青少年創(chuàng)造這種新的秘密語言是為了保護(hù)自己網(wǎng)上活動的隱私，曾經(jīng)有一個年輕女孩在社交網(wǎng)站上張貼自己喝酒的照片而被雇主開除，所以。她說，“青少年扭曲語言的用法，這使得不熟悉這種語言的人在看到這些扭曲了的詞匯或口語表達(dá)時丈二和尚摸不著頭腦。”“Bebo 網(wǎng)站上的這些新詞已經(jīng)不再是以前常出現(xiàn)在短信里面的縮寫詞，比如略去原音字母的詞。”“這些新詞并不是拼寫錯誤，而是刻意的，創(chuàng)造性的誤拼。”“使用這些新詞，青少年可以和自己團(tuán)體里面的人交流，非自己團(tuán)體里面的人就看不懂。”
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