晨讀英語美文高中
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生走近美文,使他們成為美文的崇拜者和得益者,聽取哇聲一片,這正是我們教者的責(zé)任,也是當(dāng)代教育所期待的。學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理了高中晨讀英語美文，歡迎閱讀!
高中晨讀英語美文篇一
The Satiric Literature
Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness,its originality ofperspective.Satire rarely offers original ideas.Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form.Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies.What they do is to look at familiar conditionsfrom a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jarsus out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values weunquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote derides the stupidity of knights Brave NewWorld ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation byadvocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspect beforeCervantes, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley, and peoplewere aware of famine before Swift. It was not the originality of the idea that made thesesatires popular. It was the manner of expression, the satiric method that made theminteresting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying worksof art, not because they are morally wholesome or ethically instructive.They are stimulatingand refreshing because with commonsense briskness they brush away illusions andsecondhand opinions.With spontaneous irreverence,satire rearrangesperspectives,scrambles familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition, and speaks in apersonal idiom instead of abstract platitude.
Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because readers appreciate a refreshingstimulus, an irreverent reminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheapmoralizing, and foolish philosophy.Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth,though rarely to any action on behalf of truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of whatthey see, hear, and read in popular media is sanctimonious, sentimental, and only partiallytrue. Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image of it. Soldiers rarely hold theideals that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfishservice of humanity.Intelligent people know these things but tend to forget them when theydo not hear them expressed.
諷刺文學(xué)
或許諷刺文學(xué)最顯著的特點(diǎn)是其視角的新穎性和獨(dú)特性。 諷刺作品很少有創(chuàng)造性的思想。 相反，它用一種新的形式把人們熟悉的東西呈現(xiàn)出來。 諷刺作家沒有為世界貢獻(xiàn)新的哲學(xué)。 他們所做的就是采取這樣一種立場來看待熟悉的環(huán)境，使得它們看上去愚蠢、有害或者造作。 諷刺作品使我們排除了自滿情緒，并愉快地驚嘆道許多我們毫無疑問地接受的價值觀是錯誤的。 《堂吉訶德》使騎士看起來愚蠢可笑; 《奇妙的新世界》嘲弄了科學(xué)的自命不凡;《溫和的建議》戲劇性地提倡同類相食來消滅饑餓。 所有這些觀點(diǎn)都不是創(chuàng)造性的。 在塞萬提斯以前騎士制度就受到了懷疑，在阿爾道斯 ·赫胥黎以前的人文主義者就反對純科學(xué)的主張，而且在斯威夫特以前就認(rèn)識了饑荒。 并不是獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的思考使這些諷刺作品變得流行，而是表達(dá)的方式、諷刺的方法手段使它們變得有趣和引人入勝。 人們讀諷刺作品是因?yàn)樵诿栏猩纤鼈兪橇钊藵M意的藝術(shù)作品，而不是因?yàn)榈赖碌耐昝篮蛡惱淼恼f教。它們有啟發(fā)性、使人耳目一新是因?yàn)樗鼈冇煤喢鞯某ＷR洗刷去了幻覺和舊的觀點(diǎn)。諷刺作品用自然的嘲諷態(tài)度重新設(shè)置了觀點(diǎn)，將熟悉的事物自相矛盾地置在一起。 諷刺文學(xué)用自己的語言，而不是采用抽象的陳詞濫調(diào)來表達(dá)。 諷刺作品的存在是由于有需求。 它的存在是因?yàn)樽x者欣賞使人耳目一新的刺激，毫不客氣地提醒他們活在一個思相陳腐、道德低廉、哲學(xué)荒謬的世界里。 諷刺作品有助于促進(jìn)人們認(rèn)識真相，雖然很少促動人們?yōu)檎胬矶袆印?它有助于提醒人們?nèi)粘Ｃ浇橹兴娝勊劦脑S多東西是假裝神圣、感情用事或半真半假。 生活只在很少程度上與它流行的映像相象，戰(zhàn)士很少有電影賦予他們的完美，一般的公民也很少奉獻(xiàn)他們的生命為人類無私的服務(wù)。 明智的人們了解這些事理，但當(dāng)他們沒有聽到這些事理，就傾向于把它們忘掉。
高中晨讀英語美文篇二
The Salinity of Ocean Waters
If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place.Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes thatcause a change in oceanic salinity.
One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation -conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner the salinity is increased, since thesalts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be leftbehind.
The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to theocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areasof high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean.Thus salinity may beincreased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of freshwater by precipitation or runoff.
Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhathigher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly,in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanicareas.
A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and meltingof sea ice. When sea water is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner,sea water directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the iceappeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surroundingwater. In the Weddell Sea Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result ofthis freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and isfound in the deeper portions of the oceans of the world.
海水鹽度
如果我們分析海水的鹽度，會發(fā)現(xiàn)地區(qū)間只有輕微的變化，然而有些小的變化是重要的。導(dǎo)致海洋的鹽度變化的基本過程有三個，其中之一是通過蒸發(fā)的方式即把液態(tài)水轉(zhuǎn)化為水蒸氣來減少海洋中的水分。 這樣由于鹽留了下來，所以鹽度增大。 當(dāng)然，如果這種方式走向極端，將會余下白色的鹽晶體。 與蒸發(fā)相反的是降水，如降雨，由此水被加入海中，海水被稀釋，從而鹽度降低。 這種情形會發(fā)生在大量降雨的地區(qū)，或江河入海岸處。 因此，鹽度通過蒸發(fā)減少水分而上升或通過降水或徑流增加淡水成分而下降。 一般來說，在陽光很強(qiáng)烈的熱帶地區(qū)，海水的鹽度略高于世界上其它沒有熱帶那樣多的蒸發(fā)的地區(qū)。 同理，在江河稀釋海水的海岸地帶，海水鹽度略低于其它海區(qū)。 第三個可以變更鹽度的過程與海洋中冰的形成和融化有關(guān)。 海水凍結(jié)時，溶于其中的物質(zhì)被留了下來。 這樣，在新形成的海水冰面的正下方的海水比在冰形成之前有更高的鹽度。 當(dāng)然，當(dāng)冰融化的時候，會降低周圍水中的鹽度。 在南極洲邊緣的威德爾海中，結(jié)冰過程增加低溫海水的鹽度，從而形成了濃度最大的海水。 這些大密度的海水下沉，可以在世界海洋的深水域發(fā)現(xiàn)。
高中晨讀英語美文篇三
The Origin of Sports
When did sport begin? If sport is, in essence, play, the claim might be made that sport ismuch older than humankind, for, as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and catswrestle and play ball games.Fishes and birds dance.The apes have simple, pleasurable games.Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are emonstrating strong,transgenerational and transspecies bonds with the universe of animals - past, present, andfuture.
Young animals, particularly, tumble, chase, run, wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh(or so itseems) to the point of delighted exhaustion. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no otherpurpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently, to remove us temporarily fromthe anguish of life in earnest. Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the mostnoble part of our basic nature. In their generous conceptions, play harmlessly andexperimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and imagination into action. Playis release from the tedious battles against scarcity and decline which are the incessant, andinevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holdersof this view claim that the origins of our highest accomplishments - liturgy, literature, and law- can be traced to a play impulse which, paradoxically, we see most purely enjoyed by youngbeasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy, nonfatalistic view of human nature, aremore splendid creations of the nondatable, transspecies play impulse.
體育的起源
體育運(yùn)動開始于何時?如果體育運(yùn)動的本質(zhì)就是游戲的話，我們就可以宣稱體育運(yùn)動比人類古老，因?yàn)檎缥覀兯^察到的，野獸也進(jìn)行嬉戲。 狗和貓會扭抱玩球，魚和鳥翩翩起舞，猿類會進(jìn)行一些簡單的、愉快的游戲。 雀躍的幼兒，捉迷藏的學(xué)童和成年摔跤者展示出人與動物界的有力的跨越世代與物種的永恒的聯(lián)系--特別是幼獸，它們翻筋斗、追逐、奔跑、扭打、模仿、嬉笑(或者看起來是)，直到愉快地精疲力盡。 他們的玩耍，同我們的一樣，似乎并沒有別的目的而只是給游戲者以愉悅，暫時把我們從嚴(yán)肅生活的痛苦中拉出來。一些哲學(xué)家稱我們的嬉戲是我們本質(zhì)中最崇高的部分。 依他們這些隨意性很大的見解，游戲無害而且實(shí)驗(yàn)性地允許我們的創(chuàng)造力、幻想和想象發(fā)揮作用。 游戲讓人們從永不間斷亦不可避免的生活悲劇-與乏匱和衰退進(jìn)行的枯燥抗?fàn)幹械玫揭环N解脫。 這是一個令人興奮、給人啟發(fā)的偉大見解。 這種見解的持有者宣稱，我們的最高成就如宗教典禮、文學(xué)、法律的起源可以追溯到游戲的沖動。 但令人不解的是我們看到只有幼獸和小孩子才最純粹地享受著這種沖動。 從這種比較豁達(dá)和非宿命的人性觀來看，我們的運(yùn)動是超時代、跨物種的輝煌的創(chuàng)造。
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