考研英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典美文閱讀
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考研英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典美文閱讀：日本流行離婚典禮
With divorce on the rise in Japan, some couples are choosing to celebrate the end of an unhappy marriage by saying “I do” for a final time at a divorce ceremony before friends and family.
日本離婚率不斷上升，一些夫婦舉辦一種儀式來(lái)結(jié)束不愉快的婚姻生活。在離婚典禮上，他們會(huì)當(dāng)著家人和朋友的面最后說(shuō)一次“我愿意”。
Divorce ceremonies were pioneered about a year ago by a former salesman, Hiroki Terai, who set up a “divorce mansion” in a small undercover space in Tokyo.
名叫寺井廣木的銷售員一年前開始提供離婚典禮這項(xiàng)服務(wù)，他在東京隱蔽的小場(chǎng)所創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)“離婚公館”。
Since then about 25 couples have each paid 55,000 yen (0) to hold a ceremony with all the pompand grandeur of a wedding that publicly ends their relationship before they officially file for divorce.Terai said he had received more than 900 inquiries.
此后，有25 對(duì)夫妻來(lái)此舉辦了離婚典禮，典禮的隆重程度不亞于婚禮。在正式申請(qǐng)離婚前，這些夫妻每人愿意花費(fèi)5.5 萬(wàn)日元(600 美元)在正式申請(qǐng)離婚前公開結(jié)束婚姻關(guān)系。據(jù)寺井介紹，至今他已收到900 多人的詢問。
The latest couple, who called themselves Mr and Mrs Fujii, met near Sensoji Temple in Tokyo’s traditional Asakusa area on Sunday and rode in separate rickshaws to the divorce mansion. “By putting an end to our marriage, we wanted to give ourselves fresh starts and give our lives a sense of renewal,”said Mr Fujii, a 33-year-old businessman.
最近一次離婚典禮于上周日舉行。當(dāng)天一對(duì)自稱藤井的夫婦在東京老城區(qū)淺草區(qū)的淺草寺附近會(huì)合，之后各乘一輛人力車前往離婚公館。33 歲的商人藤井先生說(shuō)：“結(jié)束這段婚姻后，我們想給自己一個(gè)新的開始，迎接新生活。”
Friends and family of the Fujii couple followed closely behind the rickshaws on foot, arriving at the divorce mansion for a ceremony where the Fujiis smashed their wedding ring with a gavel, a gesture signifying the end of their partnership.
藤井夫婦的親朋好友緊跟著人力車步行前往離婚公館參加典禮。在典禮上，夫妻倆用木槌將結(jié)婚戒指砸碎，宣告兩人關(guān)系的結(jié)束。
The gavel has a frog’s head as frogs symbolize change in Japanese culture.
在日本文化中青蛙象征著改變，因此這把木槌上有一個(gè)青蛙頭。
“When we smashed the ring together, I felt like‘Oh, this is the end of it, really’and my heart and soul felt renewed. Now I feel I can have a new life and start all over again,” said Mr Fujii. His wife of eight years also expressed relief.
藤井先生說(shuō)：“當(dāng)我們一起用力砸扁戒指時(shí)，我想‘哦，總算結(jié)束了’。那一刻我感覺心靈和靈魂都獲得了新生?，F(xiàn)在我可以有新生活，一切可以重新開始了。”與他結(jié)婚八年的藤井太太也表達(dá)了同樣的心情。
“The moment I saw the smashed ring, I said to myself‘, Yes! That feels so good’,” Mrs Fujii said.
她說(shuō)：“當(dāng)我看到砸扁的戒指時(shí)，我對(duì)自己說(shuō)，‘好!這感覺太好了’”。
Divorce is on the rise in Japan, where it was once taboo, with about 251,000 divorces taking place in 2008, partly blamed on the poor economy?taking its toll on?romance.
離婚在日本曾是禁忌，如今日本的離婚率卻不斷攀升。2008 年日本約有25.1 萬(wàn)對(duì)夫婦離婚。經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣要對(duì)婚姻的破裂負(fù)一定責(zé)任。
考研英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典美文閱讀：做夢(mèng)也能增強(qiáng)記憶力
People who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are significantly better at recalling information and making links between facts when they wake, scientists found.
科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡覺愛做夢(mèng)的人在他們醒著的時(shí)候記憶力和關(guān)聯(lián)事物的能力都會(huì)顯著增強(qiáng)。
But recharging with a shallow nap offers no such mental boost, the research suggests.
該研究同時(shí)也聲明僅僅是打個(gè)小盹就不會(huì)產(chǎn)生如此神奇的功效。
The results of the study add to the growing body of evidence that Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is crucial to the brain’s ability to lay down and consolidate memories.
這一研究印證了先前大量證據(jù)已經(jīng)證明了的一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，那就是快速眼動(dòng)睡眠(REM)階段對(duì)大腦鞏固記憶的能力至關(guān)重要。
An average night’s repose includes four or five spells of REM sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night.
在夜間睡眠過(guò)程中，通常會(huì)有四到五個(gè)周期的REM 階段。直到天亮之前，REM 間隔周期呈逐漸延長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)。
This means that adults who get less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night-and therefore insufficient REM sleep-may be damaging their mind’s ability to form strong memories.
這就意味著，睡眠時(shí)間不足7-8 小時(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)睡眠時(shí)間的成年人無(wú)法保障充分的REM 睡眠時(shí)間，因此他們形成牢固記憶的能力有可能會(huì)受損。
Although REM sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.
REM 睡眠并不屬于深度睡眠的范疇，只有在經(jīng)過(guò)深度睡眠后，大腦才能進(jìn)入REM 睡眠階段。
Scientists have been working on connections between sleep, dreams and brain activity since the REM state was first identified in 1953 by US researchers.
自1953 年美國(guó)研究人員首次確認(rèn)REM 睡眠狀態(tài)以來(lái)，科學(xué)家一直致力于研究睡眠、夢(mèng)境以及大腦活動(dòng)三者之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。
They found that people woken while their closed eyes made jerking movements recalled much more colorful and elaborate dreams than people woken during other stages of sleep.
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)從REM 狀態(tài)中醒來(lái)的人，相對(duì)那些從其他睡眠狀態(tài)中醒來(lái)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，更善于記住豐富多彩的夢(mèng)境的細(xì)節(jié)。
It is now believed that sleep acts as a sort of mental filing system, enabling the brain to sort relevant information that needs to be retained from useless information which can be discarded.This process may take place as memories are shifted from one part of the brain to others.
現(xiàn)在人們相信，睡眠過(guò)程就好比是在大腦內(nèi)部進(jìn)行文案整理工作。隨著儲(chǔ)存的記憶在大腦中進(jìn)行位置轉(zhuǎn)移，大腦從而對(duì)相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行區(qū)分——摒棄無(wú)用信息，保留有用信息。
考研英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典美文閱讀：什么樣的人注定無(wú)法成功
Based upon my own observations and experiences, here are the types of people who typically do not succeed in life:
基于我個(gè)人的觀察和經(jīng)歷，以下是生活中典型的不會(huì)取得成功的人：
1.People who do not take personal responsibility for themselves or their decisions.
不為自己或自己的決定負(fù)責(zé)的人。
2.People who blame other people for their mistakes.
因?yàn)樽约旱腻e(cuò)誤指責(zé)別人的人。
3.People who believe there is some vast conspiracy to keep them down due to their race, skin color, religion, gender, or other similar identity factors.
認(rèn)為由于他們的種族、膚色、宗教信仰、性別或其他類似的身份因素被人算計(jì)而精神不振的人。
4.People who normalize the symptoms of generational poverty, i.e., drug and alcohol abuse, violence, etc.
把代際貧困的表現(xiàn)正常化的人，比如吸毒、酗酒、暴力等。
5.People who are parasitic upon other people.
寄生生活的人。
6.People who believe that they are somehow owed success without putting in the commensurate amount of work needed to be successful.
認(rèn)為不用付出成功所需的努力就能成功的人。
7.People who are easily distracted by partying, going out, etc.
很容易被聚會(huì)、外出等分心的人。
8.People who are too stubborn or proud to learn from their mistakes and make the necessary adjustments.
過(guò)于固執(zhí)或自負(fù)而不愿意從錯(cuò)誤中汲取教訓(xùn)并做出必要調(diào)整的人。
9.People who are too stubborn or proud to learn from others. This stifles both personal and professional growth.
過(guò)于固執(zhí)或自負(fù)而不愿意向他人學(xué)習(xí)的人，這會(huì)阻礙個(gè)人和職業(yè)的發(fā)展。
10.People who make poor life decisions that have long-lasting consequences, such as getting married/having children before you can properly provide for them, marrying the wrong person, living beyond one’s means, etc.
制定有長(zhǎng)期影響的貧窮生活計(jì)劃的人，比如在能負(fù)擔(dān)得起之前就結(jié)婚生子、找錯(cuò)結(jié)婚對(duì)象、入不敷出等。
11.People who believe that there is some sort of nobility in poverty. Example: “I might not have much but at least I’m a good person.” This is typically a justificationfor their current life circumstances.
以為人可以窮得高貴的人，比如：“我可能沒錢，但至少我是個(gè)好人。”這是典型的在為目前生活狀況狡辯。
12.People who care more about what other people think of them than they care about their own success. This typically results in self-destructive searching for validation.
相較于自己理想中的成功更在乎別人看法的人，這通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致自虐式地尋求別人的贊同。
13.People with past trauma that causes them to engage in self-destructive behavior. In most cases, this type of person will sabotage their own success at pivotal moments in their careers so they can be “in control” of the failure they anticipate they will experience.
有產(chǎn)生自虐行為的心理陰影的人。大多數(shù)情況下，這種人會(huì)在事業(yè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻毀掉自己的成功以便能控制他們預(yù)見到的失敗。
14.People who are unable to believe that they can ever be great and do great things.
不能相信自己能成功、能做大事的人。
I’m sure there are other reasons but you get the general idea. Success is a mindset. You have to believe you will be successful. Once you can do that, you free yourself up to do the things you need to do to succeed, such as working hard, researching, trying new strategies, etc. Some of the biggest success stories in life were written by people who weren’t any smarter than the average person. The only thing they had was this undying belief that they could do it… and they did.
一定還有其他原因，我給出的是普遍情況。成功是一種心態(tài)，你要相信自己能成功。一旦你有自信就能放開去做獲得成功所需要做的事，比如努力、鉆研、嘗試新方法等等。譜寫生活中最大成功事跡的人并不比普通人更聰明，他們唯一擁有的就是這種不朽的信念：他們能成功，結(jié)果他們確實(shí)成功了。
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