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　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語常識：前列腺常識

　　The prostate is a gland, weighing 25 gram, below the bladder. Because it is situated around the urethra (bladder pipe), enlargement causes obstruction in urethra. Enlargement occurs naturally with age, and might be accompanied by cancerous change.

　　Symptoms are usually slow in onset, starting with dribbling, getting up at night, weak stream, urgency and hesitancy. The symptoms tend to get worse progressively, and might culminate in retention.

　　After the age of 45, men should have their prostates checked annually, including blood tests and a rectal examination.

　　前列腺是一個(gè)重25克的腺體，位于膀胱下方。由于它位于尿道(通向膀胱的管道)周圍，它增大時(shí)可引起尿道阻塞。前列腺會隨著年齡增大，也會癌變。

　　初發(fā)病時(shí)癥狀輕微，有夜間滴白，射尿無力，尿急，排尿躊躇。癥狀逐漸加重，重者可引起尿潴留。

　　45歲以上的男性每年應(yīng)檢查一次前列腺，包括血液檢查和直腸檢查。

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語常識：肝臟常識

　　The liver is the largest gland in the body (approximately 1500 grams) and is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. It is glossy in appearance and dark red in color from the rich supply of blood flowing through it. Approximately 25% of the cardiac output flows to the liver. It performs many important functions:

　　(1) the uptake, storage, and disposal of nutrients (protein, carbohydrates and fat), drugs, toxins and (2)the production of synthetic proteins (critical for blood clotting) and metabolism of substances produced by the body.

　　肝臟是人體最大的腺體(重約1500克)，它位于右上腹部。肝臟表面光滑，因血液供應(yīng)豐富而呈暗紅色。大約25%的心輸出量流向肝臟。肝臟有許多重要的功能：

　　(1)營養(yǎng)物(蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物和脂肪)、藥物和毒素的攝取、儲存和代謝。(2)合成蛋白(危急時(shí)的血凝塊)的產(chǎn)生和機(jī)體物質(zhì)的代謝。

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語常識：簡單肝臟解剖學(xué)

　　he anterior surface of the liver is triangular in shape, made of two lobes. The right lobe is the larger of the two, measuring 6 to 7 inches in length. The left lobe is 3 inches in length.

　　Ligaments connect the upper surface of the liver to the diaphragm and the abdominal wall and the under surface to the stomach and duodenum. The gall bladder is located on the under surface of the right lobe of the liver. Neighboring organs include the colon, the intestines, and the right kidney.

　　肝臟解剖學(xué)

　　肝的前面是三角形，由兩個(gè)葉組成。右葉較大，長6-7英寸。左葉長3英寸。

　　肝的上面由韌帶連接著膈肌和腹壁，下面連接著胃和十二指腸。膽囊位于肝右葉的下方。它的鄰近器官是結(jié)腸、小腸和右腎。