英語句子成分分析法結(jié)構(gòu)解析
很多同學(xué)對英語的句子成分搞不懂，所以就影響了他們的閱讀和寫作，以及做其他類型題目的能力。今天學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家?guī)砹擞⒄Z句子成分分析，歡迎大家閱讀!
英語句子成分分析篇一
一、句子成分
(一)句子成分的定義：構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語和同位語。
(二)主語：主語是一個句子所敘述的主體，一般位于句首。但在there be結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時)和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。
例：劃出下列句子的主語，并在括號內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.( )
2. We often speak English in class.( )
3. One-third of the students in this class are girls.( )
4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.( )
5. Smoking does harm to the health.( )
6. The rich should help the poor.( )
7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.( )
8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.( )
(三)謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下：
1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。
如：He practices running every morning.
2、復(fù)合謂語： (1)由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
(四)表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動詞(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如：
例：劃出下列句子的表語，并在括號內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. Our teacher of English is an American.( )
2. Is it yours?( )
3. The weather has turned cold.( )
4. The speech is exciting.( )
5. Three times seven is twenty one?( )
6. His job is to teach English.( )
7. His hobby(愛好)is playing football.( )
8. The machine must be out of order.( )
9. Time is up. The class is over.( )
10. The truth is that he has never been abroad.( )
(五)賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。
例：劃出下列句子的賓語，并在括號內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. They went to see an exhibition(展覽)yesterday.( )
2. The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.( )
3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.( )
4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.( )
5. He pretended not to see me.( )
6. I enjoy listening to popular music.( )
7. I think(that)he is fit for his office.( )
賓語種類：(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語)，
例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.
(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ))，例如：They elected him their monitor.
英語句子成分分析篇二
賓語補(bǔ)足語：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語以外，還要有一個賓語補(bǔ)語，才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞(如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ))。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。
例：劃出下列句子的賓語補(bǔ)足語，并在括號內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. His father named him Dongming.( )
2. They painted their boat white.( )
3. Let the fresh air in.( )
4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.( )
5. We saw her entering the room.( )
6. We found everything in the lab in good order.( )
7. We will soon make our city what your city is now.( )
定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示：
例：劃出下列句子的定語，并在括號內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. Guilin is a beautiful city.( )
2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.( )
3. There are thirty women teachers is our school.( )
4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.( )
5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.( )
6. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.( )
7. He is reading an article about how to learn English.( )
狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆?/p>
Light travels most quickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)
He has lived in the city for ten years.(介詞短語)
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短語)
He is in the room making a model plane.(分詞短語)
Wait a minute.(名詞)
Once you begin, you must continue.(狀語從句)
在括號內(nèi)寫出下列狀語種類：
How about meeting again at six?( )
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.( ) I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.( )
Mr Smith lives on the third floor.( )
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.( )
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.( )
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.( ) He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.( )
She works very hard though she is old.( )
I am taller than he is.( )
英語句子成分分析篇三
簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句
(一)句子種類兩種分類法
1、按句子的用途可分四種：
1)陳述句(肯定、否定)：He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before.
2)疑問句(一般、特殊、選擇、反意)：
Do they like skating? How old is he?
Is he six or seven years old?
Mary can swim, can’t she?
3)祈使句：Be careful, boys.
Don’t talk in class.
4)感嘆句：How clever the boy is!
2、按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：
1)簡單句：只有一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
2) 并列句：由并列連詞(and, but, or等)或分號(;)把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起構(gòu)成。
e.g. You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。
3)復(fù)合句：含有一個或一個以上從句的句子。
復(fù)合句包含：名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句)、定語從句和狀語從句等。
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