英語(yǔ)句子成分分析法結(jié)構(gòu)解析
很多同學(xué)對(duì)英語(yǔ)的句子成分搞不懂，所以就影響了他們的閱讀和寫作，以及做其他類型題目的能力。今天學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家?guī)?lái)了英語(yǔ)句子成分分析，歡迎大家閱讀!
英語(yǔ)句子成分分析篇一
一、句子成分
(一)句子成分的定義：構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ);次要成分有表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。
(二)主語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體，一般位于句首。但在there be結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問(wèn)句(當(dāng)主語(yǔ)不疑問(wèn)詞時(shí))和倒裝句中，主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。主語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語(yǔ)從句等表示。
例：劃出下列句子的主語(yǔ)，并在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.( )
2. We often speak English in class.( )
3. One-third of the students in this class are girls.( )
4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.( )
5. Smoking does harm to the health.( )
6. The rich should help the poor.( )
7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.( )
8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.( )
(三)謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，一般放在主語(yǔ)之后。謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下：
1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。
如：He practices running every morning.
2、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)： (1)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
(四)表語(yǔ)：表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞及表語(yǔ)從句表示。例如：
例：劃出下列句子的表語(yǔ)，并在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. Our teacher of English is an American.( )
2. Is it yours?( )
3. The weather has turned cold.( )
4. The speech is exciting.( )
5. Three times seven is twenty one?( )
6. His job is to teach English.( )
7. His hobby(愛(ài)好)is playing football.( )
8. The machine must be out of order.( )
9. Time is up. The class is over.( )
10. The truth is that he has never been abroad.( )
(五)賓語(yǔ)：賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承愛(ài)者，一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。
例：劃出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)，并在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. They went to see an exhibition(展覽)yesterday.( )
2. The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.( )
3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.( )
4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.( )
5. He pretended not to see me.( )
6. I enjoy listening to popular music.( )
7. I think(that)he is fit for his office.( )
賓語(yǔ)種類：(1)雙賓語(yǔ)(間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ))，
例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.
(2)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ))，例如：They elected him their monitor.
英語(yǔ)句子成分分析篇二
賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞，除有一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)以外，還要有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的一般句型為：某些及物動(dòng)詞(如make等+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ))。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句充當(dāng)。
例：劃出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，并在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. His father named him Dongming.( )
2. They painted their boat white.( )
3. Let the fresh air in.( )
4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.( )
5. We saw her entering the room.( )
6. We found everything in the lab in good order.( )
7. We will soon make our city what your city is now.( )
定語(yǔ)：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句稱為定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)可由以下等成分表示：
例：劃出下列句子的定語(yǔ)，并在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出它的詞性或充當(dāng)?shù)氖鞘裁磸木洹?/p>
1. Guilin is a beautiful city.( )
2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.( )
3. There are thirty women teachers is our school.( )
4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.( )
5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.( )
6. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.( )
7. He is reading an article about how to learn English.( )
狀語(yǔ)：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語(yǔ)?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆?/p>
Light travels most quickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)
He has lived in the city for ten years.(介詞短語(yǔ))
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短語(yǔ))
He is in the room making a model plane.(分詞短語(yǔ))
Wait a minute.(名詞)
Once you begin, you must continue.(狀語(yǔ)從句)
在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出下列狀語(yǔ)種類：
How about meeting again at six?( )
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.( ) I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.( )
Mr Smith lives on the third floor.( )
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.( )
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.( )
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.( ) He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.( )
She works very hard though she is old.( )
I am taller than he is.( )
英語(yǔ)句子成分分析篇三
簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句
(一)句子種類兩種分類法
1、按句子的用途可分四種：
1)陳述句(肯定、否定)：He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before.
2)疑問(wèn)句(一般、特殊、選擇、反意)：
Do they like skating? How old is he?
Is he six or seven years old?
Mary can swim, can’t she?
3)祈使句：Be careful, boys.
Don’t talk in class.
4)感嘆句：How clever the boy is!
2、按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：
1)簡(jiǎn)單句：只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)(或并列主語(yǔ))和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)(或并列謂語(yǔ))。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
2) 并列句：由并列連詞(and, but, or等)或分號(hào)(;)把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連在一起構(gòu)成。
e.g. You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。
3)復(fù)合句：含有一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上從句的句子。
復(fù)合句包含：名詞性從句(主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句)、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句等。
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