經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀
經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀
當(dāng)今的世界是開(kāi)放的世界,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的潮流。任何一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)都不可能脫離世界經(jīng)濟(jì)體系而獨(dú)立地發(fā)展自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)。本文是經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)的英語(yǔ)文章，希望對(duì)大家有幫助!
經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)的英語(yǔ)文章篇一
中國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)日漸成為外資新寵
China's fast-growing service sector has become a new magnet for overseas investors looking for opportunities in the country, a report from Industrial Bank Co said.
興業(yè)銀行的一份報(bào)告稱(chēng)，我國(guó)迅速增長(zhǎng)的服務(wù)業(yè)已成為吸引在中國(guó)尋找投資機(jī)會(huì)的海外投資者的新磁石。
Nearly 50 billion U.S. dollars in foreign direct investment (FDI) entered the sector in the first half of 2016, 8 percent more than that of the same period last year and representing 70.4 percent of the country's total FDI.
2016年上半年，近500億美元外商直接投資(FDI)流向了服務(wù)業(yè)，較去年同期增加8%，占我國(guó)吸收FDI總額的70.4%。
FDI in the manufacturing sector, however, declined 2.8 percent, only accounting for 28.3 percent of the total.
不過(guò)，制造業(yè)吸引的FDI數(shù)額下降了2.8%，僅占FDI總額的28.3%。
Given rising salaries and land prices, the manufacturing industry has lost its appeal to foreign investment, and the emerging service sector is overtaking it, a research note from Industrial Bank said.
興業(yè)銀行的研究報(bào)告稱(chēng)，隨著工資、地價(jià)的上漲，制造業(yè)失去了對(duì)外資的吸引力，新興的服務(wù)業(yè)正迎頭趕上。
"There is an evident differentiation," said the report.
報(bào)告指出：“這其中存在著明顯的分化。”
Confronted with a slowing economy, China is counting on its service sector to prop up growth and create jobs, rolling out more favorable policies, including easier market access and fewer restrictions on foreign capital.
面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩，我國(guó)希望服務(wù)業(yè)能支撐增長(zhǎng)、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，并為此推出了更優(yōu)惠的政策，其中包括更容易的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入及減少對(duì)外資的限制。
The bank expects more overseas capital to flow into China's service sector thanks to an expanding global outsourcing market and further opening of the country's economy.
興業(yè)銀行預(yù)計(jì)，隨著全球外包市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)張及中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)外開(kāi)放程度的加深，將有更多海外資本流向我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)。
經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)的英語(yǔ)文章篇二
國(guó)際貨幣基金組織上調(diào)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) raised its forecast of China's 2016 GDP growth by0.1% to 6.6% last Tuesday.
國(guó)際貨幣基金組織上周二將其對(duì)中國(guó)2016年國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)增速的預(yù)期上調(diào)0.1%至6.6%。
In its latest update to its World Economic Outlook released in April, the IMF said China's near-term outlook has improved since its "benchmark lending rates were cut five times in 2015, fiscalpolicy turned expansionary in the second half of the year, infrastructure spending picked up,and credit growth accelerated".
在四月發(fā)布的最新一期《全球經(jīng)濟(jì)展望》中，國(guó)際貨幣基金組織表示，中國(guó)2015年五次下調(diào)基準(zhǔn)貸款利率，財(cái)政政策在當(dāng)年下半年轉(zhuǎn)為擴(kuò)張性，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施支出回升，信貸增長(zhǎng)加快，因此中國(guó)的近期經(jīng)濟(jì)前景有所改善。
The forecast makes China one of the fastest-growing major economies despite the manyuncertainties that have shocked the global markets recently, such as the UK's decision toleave the European Union and the possible interest rate hikes by the US monetarypolicymakers.
盡管最近有許多不確定性震動(dòng)了全球市場(chǎng)，比如英國(guó)脫離歐盟的決定，以及美國(guó)貨幣政策制定者可能加息，不過(guò)該預(yù)測(cè)使中國(guó)成為增長(zhǎng)速度最快的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體之一。
The IMF also said China's growth could be 6.2 percent year-on-year in 2017.
此外，國(guó)際貨幣基金組織還表示，2017年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)率為6.2%。
Despite the IMF's upward adjustment, analysts said China still faces severe challenges as ittries to anchor growth in the second half.
盡管IMF上調(diào)了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期，分析人士稱(chēng)中國(guó)在努力保持下半年經(jīng)濟(jì)增速的過(guò)程中仍面臨嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。
"In the second half, China faces some difficulties as it tries to achieve the whole-year growthtarget of 6.5 to 7 percent," said Liang Haiming, chief economist of China Silk Road iValleyResearch Institute, a Beijing-based think tank.
總部位于北京的絲路智谷研究院首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家梁海明表示：“在今年下半年，由于試圖實(shí)現(xiàn)全年6.5%至7%的增速目標(biāo)，中國(guó)將會(huì)遇到很多難題。”
China's exports will be affected by the fragile global economic and trade growth, making ithard for China's export growth to pick up in the coming months, he said. Investment,meanwhile, may remain sluggish due to the country's overcapacity reduction drive andeconomic restructuring.
他認(rèn)為，中國(guó)的出口將受到脆弱的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)的影響，這將使得在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月內(nèi)，中國(guó)的出口增長(zhǎng)很難有所回升。同時(shí)，由于國(guó)家產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩、經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型，投資狀況可能依然低迷。
經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)的英語(yǔ)文章篇三
中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型帶來(lái)全球挑戰(zhàn) China’s challenge to the world
China’s attempted economic transition has deep implications, not just for the emergingnation, but for the rest of the world. In the short term, the challenge is to manage spill-oversfrom what might be a sharp slowdown in China’s economic activity. In the long term, it is howto cope with the integration of a financial powerhouse into the world economy. In reality,however, what happens in the short term will shape the longer term as well.
中國(guó)正在嘗試進(jìn)行的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型對(duì)新興國(guó)家乃至整個(gè)世界都將產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。短期內(nèi)，挑戰(zhàn)在于管控好中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)可能出現(xiàn)的大幅放緩帶來(lái)的溢出效應(yīng)。長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，挑戰(zhàn)在于如何讓一個(gè)金融大國(guó)融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)。然而，實(shí)際上，短期的發(fā)展變化同樣將影響長(zhǎng)期。
India’s latest Economic Survey provides a thought-provoking taxonomy of crises. Theexternal impact of a crisis depends, it argues, on whether it occurs in systemically importantcountries, it is the result of fiscal or private borrowing and whether currencies of affectedcountries appreciate or depreciate. What might this analysis have to do with China? Theanswer is that it is a systemically important country that suffers from high and rapidly risingcorporate indebtedness. This might lead to a sudden halt in investment and a rapiddepreciation.
印度最新的經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)查(Economic Survey)提供了一個(gè)發(fā)人深思的危機(jī)分類(lèi)法。該調(diào)查認(rèn)為，一場(chǎng)危機(jī)造成的外部沖擊取決于危機(jī)是否發(fā)生在具有系統(tǒng)重要性的國(guó)家、是否是財(cái)政或私人借債的結(jié)果，以及受影響國(guó)家的貨幣是升值還是貶值。這種分析方法與中國(guó)有什么關(guān)系呢?答案是，中國(guó)是一個(gè)具有系統(tǒng)重要性的國(guó)家，而且企業(yè)債務(wù)水平高、上升迅速。這有可能導(dǎo)致投資驟停和貨幣快速貶值。
Such a sharp slowdown is not at all impossible. The combination of an ultimatelyunsustainable rise in corporate debt with the dependence of demand on ultra-high rates ofinvestment creates the vulnerability. As the economy slows to growth below 7 per cent a year,investment rates of close to 45 per cent of gross domestic product no longer make economicsense. The private sector is also responsible for close to two-thirds of investment. So marketforces might impose a painful adjustment.
這種急劇放緩的前景并非完全不可能出現(xiàn)。企業(yè)債務(wù)最終不可持續(xù)的增長(zhǎng)，加上需求依賴(lài)于超高投資率，共同造成了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的脆弱性。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩至7%以下，接近國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP) 45%的投資率不再具有經(jīng)濟(jì)合理性。由于接近三分之二的投資由私營(yíng)部門(mén)完成，市場(chǎng)力量或?qū)?qiáng)行推進(jìn)一輪痛苦的調(diào)整。
One might envisage two government responses: a huge increase in fiscal deficits, as in thewestern financial crises, and a more aggressive monetary policy. But a weaker exchange ratemight also be welcome, as a way to offset domestic deflationary pressures. At the ChinaDevelopment Forum held in Beijing this month, Zhou Xiaochuan, the People’s Bank of Chinagovernor, indicated that it was reasonable to run down foreign currency reserves built up on amassive (and unplanned) scale. But there must be some limit to that. Controls on capitaloutflows could also be tightened, even though that would go against China’s plans for openingup the capital account. (See charts.)
人們或許可以設(shè)想中國(guó)政府的兩種反應(yīng)：像西方遭遇金融危機(jī)時(shí)那樣大幅增加財(cái)政赤字，或者采取更激進(jìn)的貨幣政策。但人民幣走弱或許也會(huì)受到歡迎，這樣可以抵消國(guó)內(nèi)的通縮壓力。在本月北京舉行的中國(guó)發(fā)展高層論壇(China Development Forum)上，中國(guó)央行(PBoC)行長(zhǎng)周小川暗示，中國(guó)過(guò)去大規(guī)模(無(wú)計(jì)劃)積累起來(lái)的外匯儲(chǔ)備出現(xiàn)下降是合情合理的。但這肯定有一定的限度。對(duì)資本外流的管控也可能收緊，即便這樣做有悖于中國(guó)開(kāi)放資本賬戶(hù)的計(jì)劃(見(jiàn)圖表)。
While the Chinese economy has been weakening, monetary and credit policy loosening andthe exchange rate falling, no such crisis is to be seen as yet. The main drivers of the capitaloutflows also seem to be prepayment of foreign-currency loans and the unwinding of “carrytrades”, partly triggered by perceptions of a greater risk of a depreciation of the renminbi.Again, while weakening, the growth of demand has certainly not collapsed. So far, so goodthen. But this story is not over.
雖然中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一直在放緩，貨幣和信貸政策不斷放松，匯率下跌，但到目前為止還看不到發(fā)生此種危機(jī)的跡象。而且，資本外流的主要推動(dòng)力似乎是外幣貸款提前還款和“套利交易”平倉(cāng)——在一定程度上由對(duì)人民幣貶值風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上升的預(yù)期引發(fā)。另外，需求增長(zhǎng)雖然放緩，但肯定沒(méi)有崩潰。目前看起來(lái)還不錯(cuò)。但故事并未結(jié)束。
The world economy is in no position to absorb another big deflationary shock. The possibility ofsuch a shock from China over the next several years is real. But a longer-term issue alsoarises: how to integrate China into the global financial system. Experience suggests thatsimultaneous liberalisation and opening up of fragile financial systems often ends in vastcrises. If the country concerned is systemically important, such crises will be global. Floatingexchange rates may weaken the impact. Even so, a crisis in a systemically importanteconomy will have huge effects.
世界經(jīng)濟(jì)絕不可能再吸收一次巨大的通縮沖擊。未來(lái)幾年，中國(guó)帶來(lái)這種沖擊的可能性是真實(shí)存在的。但一個(gè)更長(zhǎng)期的問(wèn)題也出現(xiàn)了：如何讓中國(guó)融入全球金融體系。經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，脆弱的金融系統(tǒng)同時(shí)進(jìn)行自由化與開(kāi)放通常都會(huì)以陷入巨大的危機(jī)而告終。如果這個(gè)國(guó)家具有系統(tǒng)重要性，那造成的危機(jī)將是全球性的。浮動(dòng)匯率或許可以減輕世界經(jīng)濟(jì)遭受的沖擊。即便如此，一個(gè)具有系統(tǒng)重要性的經(jīng)濟(jì)體發(fā)生危機(jī)將帶來(lái)巨大影響。
For this reason, the opening up of China’s financial system to the world must be regarded as amatter of global concern. A recent paper from the Reserve Bank of Australia illustrates somerisks. A significant aspect is the potential for a vast increase in two-way flows of portfoliocapital, which are still modest from and to China.
為此，中國(guó)金融體系對(duì)世界的開(kāi)放必須被視為一個(gè)具有全球重要性的問(wèn)題。澳大利亞央行(Reserve Bank ofAustralia)近期的一份報(bào)告分析了一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。一個(gè)重要方面是投資組合資金雙向流動(dòng)大幅增加的潛力，目前中國(guó)的這種雙向流動(dòng)水平仍然不高。
At present, controls on outflows remain tight. But consider some relevant magnitudes: China’sgross annual savings were about .2tn in 2015, against .4tn in the US; its stock of “broadmoney”, the widest measure of the money supply, was .3tn at the end of last year; andthe total gross stock of credit in the economy was about tn. China is the savingssuperpower. It is not hard to envisage a huge gross outflow, due to portfolio diversificationand capital flight, should controls be lifted. Against such vast potential outflows, foreign-currency reserves as large as .2tn would be swiftly exhausted. While there would also beforeign portfolio demand for Chinese assets, the domestic policy and institutional changesneeded to make that a reality are likely to be impossibly demanding.
就目前而言，中國(guó)依然嚴(yán)格控制資本外流。但想想一些相關(guān)數(shù)字的規(guī)模：2015年中國(guó)年度儲(chǔ)蓄總額大約為5.2萬(wàn)億美元，而美國(guó)是3.4萬(wàn)億美元;去年年末“廣義貨幣”(最廣泛的貨幣供應(yīng)衡量指標(biāo))存量是15.3萬(wàn)億美元;經(jīng)濟(jì)中的信貸總存量大約是30萬(wàn)億美元。中國(guó)是超級(jí)儲(chǔ)蓄大國(guó)。不難想象，如果取消控制措施，由投資組合多元化和資本外逃而產(chǎn)生的資本外流將是巨大的。面對(duì)如此龐大的潛在外流，即便是高達(dá)3.2萬(wàn)億美元的外匯儲(chǔ)備也會(huì)很快消耗殆盡。盡管外國(guó)投資組合也有對(duì)中國(guó)資產(chǎn)的需求，但滿(mǎn)足這種需求所必需的中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)政策和制度的變化可能極為苛刻。
It is probable, then, that the impact of capital account liberalisation would be a large net capitaloutflow from China, a weaker exchange rate and a bigger current account surplus. Weakerinvestment would reinforce this. It is hard to imagine how such a shift could beaccommodated. One needs only to think of possible impacts on asset markets, exchange ratesand current account balances in the rest of the world economy.
那么資本賬戶(hù)自由化的影響將可能是中國(guó)資本大量?jī)敉饬?、人民幣貶值以及經(jīng)常賬戶(hù)盈余擴(kuò)大。投資下降將會(huì)強(qiáng)化這種影響。很難想象世界如何適應(yīng)這種變化。人們只要想想全球其他經(jīng)濟(jì)體的資產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)、匯率和經(jīng)常賬戶(hù)余額可能遭受的影響就會(huì)明白這一點(diǎn)。
In her speech at the China Development Forum this month, Christine Lagarde, managingdirector of the International Monetary Fund, noted rightly that “increased global integrationbrings with it greater potential for spillovers — through trade, finance or confidence effects.As integration continues, effective co-operation is critical to the functioning of theinternational monetary system. This requires collective action from all countries.” Right now,nothing is more important than the co-operative management of the immediate stresses inthe Chinese economy and the longer-term challenges of China’s financial integration.
國(guó)際貨幣基金組織(IMF)總裁克里斯蒂娜•拉加德(Christine Lagarde)本月在中國(guó)發(fā)展高層論壇上發(fā)表演講時(shí)正確地指出，“全球一體化程度的加深提高了產(chǎn)生溢出效應(yīng)的可能性——通過(guò)貿(mào)易、金融或者信心的影響。隨著一體化繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，有效合作對(duì)國(guó)際貨幣體系的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)至關(guān)重要。這要求所有國(guó)家集體行動(dòng)”。就現(xiàn)在而言，各國(guó)合作管理好中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)迫在眉睫的壓力以及中國(guó)融入全球金融體系的更長(zhǎng)期挑戰(zhàn)，比任何事情都重要。
If either were to be mishandled, it could put unbearable pressure upon our integrated globaleconomic system. The world economy is still struggling to handle the aftermath of the westernfinancial crises. It might fail to cope with a Chinese one altogether. The last time a hegemonicfinancial power emerged, the world suffered the Great Depression. It has to do better this time.
如果搞砸任何一項(xiàng)，就可能對(duì)我們的一體化全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系造成無(wú)法承受的壓力。如今世界經(jīng)濟(jì)仍在艱難應(yīng)對(duì)西方金融危機(jī)的余波。它可能徹底無(wú)法應(yīng)付一場(chǎng)中國(guó)的金融危機(jī)。上次一個(gè)金融霸主出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，世界遭遇了“大蕭條”(Great Depression)。這一次世界必須做得更好。
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