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　　BRITISH universities can be depressing. The dons moan about their pay and students worry they will end up frying burgers—or jobless. Perhaps they should try visiting McDonald’s University in London’s East Finchley.

　　Students are often “rough and ready”, with poor qualifications and low self-esteem. But ambition-igniting murals display the ladder of opportunity that leads from the grill to the corner office (McDonald’s chief executives have always started at the bottom). A map of the world shows the seven counterpart universities. Cabinets display trophies such as the Sunday Times award for being one of Britain’s best 25 employers.

　　英國(guó)的大學(xué)可能正是不景氣的時(shí)候，教師們抱怨著自己的薪水，學(xué)生們擔(dān)心自己最后只能找到做漢堡包的工作——甚至待業(yè)在家?；蛟S他們應(yīng)當(dāng)去瞧瞧倫敦東芬奇利區(qū)的麥當(dāng)勞大學(xué)。

　　麥當(dāng)勞大學(xué)招收的學(xué)生也不過(guò)“馬馬虎虎”，而且資歷平庸、缺乏自尊，但學(xué)校里的壁畫張貼著從烤架操作工到辦公室高管之間一級(jí)級(jí)的躍升機(jī)會(huì)(麥當(dāng)勞的主管往往都是從基層一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)干起的)，讓人燃起勃勃雄心。一張世界地圖上標(biāo)注著全球七所麥當(dāng)勞漢堡大學(xué)。櫥窗里展示著學(xué)校榮獲的獎(jiǎng)杯獎(jiǎng)牌，比如《星期日泰晤士報(bào)》評(píng)選的全英最佳二十五名雇主獎(jiǎng)等等。

　　McDonald’s is one of Britain’s biggest trainers. It gets about 1m applicants a year, accepting only one in 15, and spends ￡40m (m) a year on training. The Finchley campus, opened by Margaret Thatcher, then the local MP, in 1989, is one of the biggest training centres in Europe—many of the classrooms are equipped with booths for interpreters. It is part of a bigger system. An employees’ web-portal, Our Lounge, provides training as well as details about that day’s shifts, and allows employees to compete against each other in work-related video games.

　　The focus is on practicalities. A retired policeman conducts a fast-paced class on conflict management. He shows a video of a woman driven berserk by the fact that you cannot get chicken McNuggets at breakfast time. He asks the class if they have ever had a difficult customer, and every hand goes up. Students are then urged to share their advice. (“Serve drunks quickly…”).

　　麥當(dāng)勞是全英國(guó)最大的培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)之一。每年麥當(dāng)勞會(huì)收到100萬(wàn)份左右的求職申請(qǐng)，僅錄取其中的十五分之一作為雇員，并出資4000萬(wàn)英鎊(6100萬(wàn)美元)用于培訓(xùn)。在首相撒切爾夫人和當(dāng)?shù)貒?guó)會(huì)議員的支持下，位于東芬奇利區(qū)的麥當(dāng)勞漢堡大學(xué)于1989年成立。這所學(xué)校是全歐洲規(guī)模數(shù)一數(shù)二的的培訓(xùn)中心，許多教室都配有專門的同傳間。芬奇利校區(qū)僅僅是麥當(dāng)勞龐大教育體系中的一個(gè)分支。麥當(dāng)勞專屬員工門戶網(wǎng)站“我們的休息室(Our Lounge)”在提供訓(xùn)練之余，還有每日輪班詳情，員工還可以在網(wǎng)站上一起玩一些同工作有關(guān)的游戲。

　　培訓(xùn)的重點(diǎn)在于實(shí)用性。一名退休的警察在大學(xué)內(nèi)教授沖突管理的快班課程。課上他放映了一段錄像，一名女性顧客因早餐時(shí)間不能點(diǎn)麥樂(lè)雞而大發(fā)雷霆。老師問(wèn)全班同學(xué)是否碰到過(guò)這樣難纏的顧客，每個(gè)同學(xué)都舉手表示深有體會(huì)。之后，老師就要求學(xué)生們分享他們的處理建議。(“對(duì)醉鬼的顧客，服務(wù)一定要快……”)

　　Self-esteem and self-management are on the syllabus, too. Steven Covey’s “Seven Habits of Highly Effective People” is a popular text. A year-long apprenticeship programme emphasising English and maths leads to a nationally recognised qualification. McDonald’s has paid for almost 100 people to get degrees from Manchester Metropolitan University.

　　The company professes to be unfazed by the fact that many alumni will end up working elsewhere. It needs to train people who might be managing a business with a ￡5m turnover by their mid-20s. It also needs to satisfy the company’s appetite for senior managers, one of whom will eventually control the entire global McDonald’s empire.

　　自我尊重、自我管理也在麥當(dāng)勞漢堡大學(xué)的教學(xué)大綱之內(nèi)。史蒂文`科維的“高效人士的七個(gè)習(xí)慣”是學(xué)校的通行教材。長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年的學(xué)徒教學(xué)計(jì)劃著重教授英語(yǔ)、數(shù)學(xué)，并授予國(guó)家認(rèn)可的學(xué)歷證書。迄今，麥當(dāng)勞已經(jīng)出資幫助近100名學(xué)員拿到了在曼徹斯特城市大學(xué)的學(xué)位。

　　許多學(xué)員在畢業(yè)后并不任職于麥當(dāng)勞，而這家快餐業(yè)巨頭宣稱并不為此感到煩惱。麥當(dāng)勞需要培養(yǎng)出在二十五六歲就能夠掌管500萬(wàn)英磅營(yíng)業(yè)額業(yè)務(wù)的管理人員。同樣，麥當(dāng)勞漢堡大學(xué)更需要培養(yǎng)出一批高級(jí)經(jīng)理儲(chǔ)備，以滿足公司的發(fā)展需要。未來(lái)，這些高級(jí)經(jīng)理中終將有人來(lái)執(zhí)掌整個(gè)麥當(dāng)勞餐飲帝國(guó)。