初中的英語科普類文章

　　人的知識面應(yīng)該是豐富多面的，今天小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了初中的英語科普類文章供大家學(xué)習(xí)。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編帶來的，歡迎閱讀!

　　初中的英語科普類文章：誰來喂飽“中國胃”

　　導(dǎo)讀：中國號稱世界餐飲大國，但一直以來，說起快餐(fast food)，人們多數(shù)聯(lián)想到的都是麥當(dāng)勞、肯德基等洋品牌。如今，“取經(jīng)”西方多年之后，中式快餐終于發(fā)起反擊，洋快餐一統(tǒng)天下的局面將被徹底打破。

　　在過去20年間，上海的快餐市場曾一度被麥當(dāng)勞、肯德基等外國餐飲公司所壟斷。至今仍有很多市民記得當(dāng)年上海榮華烤雞在市場競爭中惜敗肯德基的情形。 Over the past two decades, foreign catering firms from McDonald`s to KFC have dominated the fast food market in Shanghai. Many local residents may still remember the Shanghai-based Ronghua Fried Chicken`s failure in competition with KFC.

　　不過，所有這些都正在改變--傳統(tǒng)美食開始大反擊了! However, all that is changing as traditional tastes are fighting back.

　　我國古代愛國詩人屈原(公元前340-278)曾說過，中華美食之美足以喚回逝者的靈魂。 The ancient patriotic Chinese poet Qu Yuan (340-278 BC) once wrote that Chinese cuisine was so delicious it could tempt a soul to return from the dead.

　　這種起死回生的魔力，對疲憊不堪的德國游客Rudi Steinrock來說可能還無從體會，但他確實(shí)在上?；疖囌靖浇业搅艘患抑惺娇觳瓦B鎖店，徹底安撫了自己饑腸轆轆的胃。 Weary German tourist Rudi Steinrock couldn`t absorb as magic the energy that Qu described, but he did find a Chinese fast food chain near Shanghai Railway Station that fully satisfied his hunger.

　　Steinrock說：“一份套餐中有羊肉、米飯、蔬菜還有湯。菜色深紅，散發(fā)著濃濃的香味，吃起來甜咸適中。而且，這一餐下來還不到30元人民幣(約4.40美元)。” "It serves a set with lamb, rice, vegetables and soup. The dish is salty and sweet with the carmine color and great aroma. And it is no more than 30 yuan (US.40)," says Steinrock.

　　作為一個有著令人引以為傲的烹飪傳統(tǒng)和無窮美食的國家，不得不說很多中國人竟會追捧寥寥西餐菜單上漢堡、披薩、烤雞等異域風(fēng)味這真是一件奇事。 Given the nation`s pride in its culinary traditions and the diversity of ingredients, it is surprising to find that many Chinese embraced the exotic taste of hamburgers, pizzas and fried chicken, on somewhat limited Western menus.

　　對此，白領(lǐng)周艷艷說：“選擇炸雞、漢堡并非因?yàn)槠珢鬯鼈兊奈兜?，而是因?yàn)樗鼈兛焖俚姆?wù)，你在市內(nèi)的每個角落都能輕易找到其分店。事實(shí)上，我更喜歡中餐，因?yàn)橹胁筒松嘁哺】怠?rdquo; "Not for a preference for tastes, I choose Western fried chicken and hamburgers mainly for their swift service and they can be easily found in every corner of the city. In fact, I prefer the Chinese foods - more choices and healthier," says office worker Zhou Yanyan.

　　中國烹飪協(xié)會常務(wù)副會長楊柳表示，到2010年，預(yù)計快餐市場零售額將達(dá)到20000億人民幣，將有很大一部分消費(fèi)者會選擇中餐而非西餐。 The fast food market is expected to reach 2 trillion yuan in value in 2010, and a larger number of consumers would prefer Chinese-style cuisine rather than Western food, according to Yang Liu, vice chairman of China Cuisine Association.

　　旁觀多年后，中國快餐業(yè)正在調(diào)整自己的戰(zhàn)略。他們從西方競爭者那里學(xué)到了管理藝術(shù)和質(zhì)量控制，現(xiàn)在正將其引入本地餐飲業(yè)。 After years of looking on from the sidelines, Chinese fast food chains are embracing a shift in strategy. They have learnt the art of management and quality control from their Western rivals and are now bringing them to local cuisine.

　　同時，為爭取更多當(dāng)?shù)仡櫩?，國際連鎖快餐集團(tuán)也會根據(jù)本地口味調(diào)整自己的菜單。一些跨國食品公司巨頭，例如百勝集團(tuán)，已推出了中國風(fēng)味快餐。 International fast food chains are also tailoring their menus to local tastes to win more local customers. Some multinational food industry giants, such as Yum!, have introduced Chinese-style fast food.

　　今天，如果你要在上海趕時間的話，你可以吃到既健康又美味的中式快餐，例如：永和大王、真功夫或東方既白。它們的食品質(zhì)量安全、價格合理，菜單還會根據(jù)季節(jié)變換而調(diào)整。同時，大多數(shù)中國快餐也提供外賣服務(wù)。 Today, if you are on a tight schedule in Shanghai, you can have healthy and tasty Chinese fast food, such as Yonghe King, Kung Fu Restaurant or East Dawning. They offer quality food at reasonable prices and often change their menus, adding seasonal treats. Most Chinese fast food chains also deliver.

　　真功夫 Kung Fu Restaurant

　　真功夫快餐成立于15年前，當(dāng)時的創(chuàng)始人只有22歲。如今，它在上海的連鎖店已經(jīng)超過15家，全國共有300多家。它的標(biāo)志是李小龍，頗具紀(jì)念意義。 The Kung Fu fast food chain was started 15 years ago by a 22-year-old Chinese man. Now there are about 15 outlets in Shanghai and over 300 around China. They feature a memorable company logo featuring Bruce Lee.

　　真功夫一份套餐約標(biāo)價20元，包括一碗米飯，一碗湯，白灼蔬菜和一份肉食。 The set meals cost about 20 yuan, and include a rice bowl, soup, boiled vegetables and a meat dish.

　　東方既白 East Dawning

　　東方既白快餐成立于5年前，創(chuàng)始之時是中式快餐的試驗(yàn)店。目前它已在上海開設(shè)了15家連鎖店。它與肯德基同屬百勝餐飲集團(tuán)旗下，將肯德基的商業(yè)模式與中國菜相融合，讓顧客在舒適的餐廳環(huán)境內(nèi)享用物美價廉的食物。 With about 15 stores in Shanghai, East Dawning began five years ago as a test for a new concept of Chinese fast food. It is playing on the same team as KFC, under Yum!`s banner. It is a fusion of the KFC business model with Chinese cuisine, offering cheap food in cheerful surroundings.

　　該店只提供快捷、易準(zhǔn)備的中餐，并以傳統(tǒng)的中國飲料如豆?jié){、酸梅湯等代替軟飲。 Chinese food is served exclusively, but focuses on those more quickly and easily prepared dishes. Soft drinks are eschewed in favor of traditional Chinese drinks such as soy plum juice.

　　永和大王 Yonghe King

　　永和是臺灣省臺北市一個郊區(qū)的名字。幾十年前，當(dāng)?shù)赜幸患以绮偷?，那里的鮮豆?jié){遠(yuǎn)近聞名。1995年，一名臺灣投資者在上海開了第一家永和快餐店。如今，永和在上海的連鎖店已超過30家。 Yonghe is the name of a suburb of Taipei city in Taiwan, where several decades ago there appeared a breakfast shop specializing in fresh soybean milk. A chain by the same name was started in Shanghai in 1995 by Taiwanese investors. Now it has more than 30 restaurants in the city.

　　永和大王以其新鮮的豆制品而聞名，價位在5到8元不等。 Yonghe King is most famous for its freshly made soybean products, costing from 5 to 8 yuan.

　　注釋: catering 提供餐飲服務(wù)

　　fast food 快餐

　　fight back 從不利的位置反擊,反擊,抵抗

　　tempt 勸誘

　　carmine 洋紅色,深紅色

　　aroma 濃香,香氣

　　culinary 廚房的,烹調(diào)的

　　ingredient 配料

　　cuisine 烹飪

　　Kung Fu Restaurant 真功夫

　　East Dawning 東方既白

　　soybean 大豆,黃豆

　　初中的英語科普類文章：嫦娥一號衛(wèi)星成功撞擊月球Chang'e-1 lands on Moon

　　官方消息稱，中國的月球探測器結(jié)束了長達(dá)16個月的使命，于周日成功“受控撞月”。

　　China's lunar probe ended its 16-month mission with a controlled crash onto the moon Sunday, officials said.

　　國防科技工業(yè)局昨日發(fā)布消息稱，嫦娥一號衛(wèi)星結(jié)束任務(wù)后，于北京時間周日16時13分成功撞月。

　　Chang'e I hit the moon surface at 4:13 pm Beijing time Sunday after completing its tasks, sources with the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense said.

　　15時36分，嫦娥一號衛(wèi)星開始減速，控制組選擇在青島和喀什兩個測控站進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程控制。

　　Chang'e I began to reduce its speed at 3:36 pm with two observation and control stations in Qingdao and Kashgar controlling it remotely.

　　官方消息稱，該項任務(wù)不僅可以獲得落月經(jīng)驗(yàn)，還為2012年發(fā)射月球車積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

　　The mission was to gather experience for a moon landing and launch of a lunar rover in 2012, sources with the administration said.

　　2017年，第三期工程中的月球車將登錄月球，并取回月球土壤、石頭樣本以供科學(xué)研究所用。

　　The third phase features another lunar rover, which will land on the moon and return to Earth with lunar soil and stone samples for scientific research, in 2017.

　　做為國內(nèi)首個行星探測器，嫦娥1號在太空工作1年后，于10月份結(jié)束任務(wù)。

　　The country's first planetary probe, Chang'e I completed its tasks in October after a year in space.

　　2007年10月24日，中國在西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心用“長征三號甲”運(yùn)載火箭將“嫦娥一號”衛(wèi)星成功送入太空，累計飛行494天。

　　Chang'e I, which spent 494 days in space, was launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center atop a Long March 3-A carrier rocket on October 24, 2007.

　　2007年11月，“嫦娥一號”傳回中國首張月面圖像。

　　A full map of the lunar surface - China's first - was transmitted back in November 2007.

　　據(jù)悉，中國將于2010年或者2011年發(fā)射第二個月球探測器，嫦娥二號。

　　China will launch its second lunar probe, Chang'e II, in 2010 or 2011

　　初中的英語科普類文章：太空首次“車禍”美俄衛(wèi)星相撞

　　據(jù)路透社報道，美方發(fā)言人聲周三稱，美國一顆私有的通訊衛(wèi)星與俄羅斯發(fā)射的一顆軍用衛(wèi)星相撞。據(jù)信，這顆俄羅斯衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)停止工作。

　　(Reuters) – A privately owned U.S. communications satellite collided with a defunct Russian military satellite, a U.S. military spokesman said on Wednesday.

　　美國戰(zhàn)略司令部的空軍上校拉斯-科迪里克聲稱，相撞事故發(fā)生于本周二，地點(diǎn)位于俄羅斯北極北部地區(qū)上空，相撞衛(wèi)星為美國LLC銥星公司發(fā)射的一顆衛(wèi)星與俄羅斯的一顆通訊衛(wèi)星。

　　The crash, which took place on Tuesday above Russia's Arctic north, involved a spacecraft of Iridium Satellite LLC and a Russian communications satellite, said Air Force Colonel Les Kodlick of the U.S

　　他說：“我們相信這是人類歷史上首次發(fā)生衛(wèi)星相撞事故。”

　　"We believe it's the first time that two satellites have collided in orbit," he said.

　　科迪里克還說，“事故發(fā)生在距地球約485英里的海拔高度，衛(wèi)星監(jiān)控天氣、通訊和科學(xué)考察的高度。”

　　The crash occurred at roughly 485 miles, Kodlick said, an altitude used by satellites that monitor weather, relay communications and perform scientific observations.

　　科迪里克表示：“對于許多衛(wèi)星來說，這是一個非常重要的軌道”，并強(qiáng)調(diào)人們需要提高對宇宙事宜的了解。

　　"It's a very important orbit for a lot of satellites" and highlighted a need for improved awareness of events taking place in space, Kodlick said.

　　美國銥星公司的發(fā)言人Liz DeCastro聲稱，他們計劃在30天內(nèi)發(fā)射一顆備用軌道衛(wèi)星來替代這顆被撞的衛(wèi)星。

　　Liz DeCastro, an Iridium spokeswoman said Iridium planned to move one of its in-orbit spare satellites into the constellation to replace the lost craft within 30 days.

　　DeCastro說他們從美國政府得到衛(wèi)星相撞的消息，銥星公司與美國波音公司簽下了合約，由他們幫助其維護(hù)和運(yùn)行衛(wèi)星設(shè)備。

　　DeCastro said Iridium, which contracts with Boeing Co to maintain and operate its satellites, received information about the crash from the U.S. government.

　　DeCastro 還在陳述中強(qiáng)調(diào)：“此次事故不是因?yàn)殂炐枪?、或者銥星通訊技術(shù)的失敗。”

　　"This event is not the result of a failure on the part of Iridium or its technology," DeCastro added in a statement.

　　哈佛大學(xué)史密森天體物理中心天文學(xué)家，太空計劃歷史學(xué)家喬納森-麥克道爾聲稱，發(fā)生相撞事故的美國銥星重1300磅(約合600公斤)，于1997年9月發(fā)射。

　　Iridium's craft, weighing about 1,300 pounds (600 kg), was launched in September 1997, said Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and space program histor

　　他還說，俄羅斯衛(wèi)星是于1993年6月發(fā)射，其重量為1800到1900磅(800至850公斤)，被稱為“宇宙-2251”。據(jù)悉，這顆衛(wèi)星在10年就停止工作了。

　　The Russian craft, with a mass of 1,800 to 1,900 pounds (800 to 850 kg) known as Cosmos 2251, was launched in June 1993 and probably stopped working five to 10 years ago, he said.

　　NASA(美國國家航空和航天管理局)休斯敦約翰遜空間中心站的軌道專家約翰遜-尼古拉斯說，他并不確定相撞事故產(chǎn)生了多少新的碎片。

　　Nicholas Johnson, an orbital expert at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, said it was uncertain how much new debris had been created by the crash.

　　他說：“這些殘骸需要一段時間完全擴(kuò)散開，這樣我們才能做出精確的統(tǒng)計。”

　　"It takes a while for the debris to spread out and for us to get an accurate head count," he said.

　　據(jù)一位不愿透露姓名的美國官員聲稱，并沒有任何跡象表明此次事件為人為事故。

　　There was no indication that the collision was intentional on the part of anyone, said a U.S. government source who asked not to be named.