我們不需要人生準(zhǔn)則
　　PRINCIPLES FOR LIVING WE COULD ALL DO WITHOUT
　　Ray Dalio is deluded, insensitive, emotionally illiterate, simplistic, breathtakingly smug, weird and plain wrong.
　　雷蒙德?戴利奧(Ray Dalio)易上當(dāng)受騙、麻木不仁、情商為零、過(guò)分簡(jiǎn)單化、驚人的自命不凡、古怪、且錯(cuò)得離譜。
　　Harsh words, but I know the founder of one the world's most successful hedge funds will welcome them. The Bridgewater chief has just made a list of his top 300 rules for life and number 31 is to write down the weaknesses of others. Number 11 is never to say anything about a person you would not say to them directly, while number 22 is to “get over” fretting about whether comments are positive or negative. All that matters in Dalioland is whether they are accurate or inaccurate.
　　話說(shuō)的很重，但我知道，作為世界上最成功對(duì)沖基金之一的創(chuàng)始人，雷蒙德會(huì)喜歡這些詞的。這位Bridgewater的掌門人剛剛列了一張單子，羅列出自己最重要的300條人生準(zhǔn)則。第31條是寫下他人的缺點(diǎn)；第11條是當(dāng)面不說(shuō)的話決不在背后亂說(shuō)；而第22條則是“克制”自己，努力做到榮辱不驚。在雷蒙德的世界里，他只關(guān)心準(zhǔn)確與否。
　　These rules are contained in the most curious management document I have ever come across. Simply entitled “Principles”, it is being handed out to staff at Bridgewater to help them be as successful as their boss. It is also being passed gleefully from pillar to post on the internet.
　　這些準(zhǔn)則包含在我所見(jiàn)過(guò)的最奇怪的管理文件中。文件被簡(jiǎn)單地冠名為“準(zhǔn)則”，并分發(fā)給了Bridgewater員工，以幫助他們做到像老板一樣成功。他們還欣喜地在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上四處傳播。
　　But this is no mere staff manual. In it, Mr Dalio spends the first three chapters expounding on his general philosophy of life, which he says is a bit like skiing. So long as you do what the instructor tells you, all will go well. There is no ego in the exercise, he assures us: “With increased usage [the principles] will evolve from ‘Ray's principles' to ‘our principles' and Ray will fade out of the picture.”
　　但這不僅僅是員工手冊(cè)。在其中，雷蒙德將開(kāi)篇的頭三章，都用來(lái)詳述自己的人生哲學(xué)——他形容有一點(diǎn)像滑雪。只要你按照教練的指導(dǎo)做，一切皆會(huì)順利。他向我們保證，在應(yīng)用中完全沒(méi)有彰顯自我：“隨著應(yīng)用的增多，（這些準(zhǔn)則）將從‘雷蒙德的準(zhǔn)則'逐漸發(fā)展成‘我們的準(zhǔn)則'，而雷蒙德的色彩將漸漸褪去。”
　　But for the time being Ray is rather firmly in the picture, writing a work that in its ambition reminds me of Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics. Both writers are pretty confident and both believe in principles that are not a priori, but discovered by doing. The main difference is that the Greek philosopher had less of an appetite for words such as “leverage” and “drilldown” than the modern hedge fund chief. And he avoided bogus equations such as
　　但眼下，雷蒙德的個(gè)人色彩還相當(dāng)濃厚。作品中的雄心讓我想起了亞里士多德(Aristotle)的《尼各馬可倫理學(xué)》(Nicomachean Ethics)。兩位作者都相當(dāng)自信，都相信并非由推理得出、而是通過(guò)實(shí)踐發(fā)現(xiàn)的準(zhǔn)則。二人的主要區(qū)別在于，那位希臘哲學(xué)家沒(méi)有當(dāng)代這位對(duì)沖基金經(jīng)理那么喜歡“杠桿”或“鉆取”等詞。他也沒(méi)有用一些偽等式，例如：痛苦+深思=進(jìn)步。
　　Pain + Reflection = Progress.
　　雷蒙德的哲學(xué)是美國(guó)夢(mèng)狂熱的原教旨主義版本。他宣稱，“人們勞有所得”——如果你坐擁約40億美元的財(cái)富，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)還是令人欣慰的。他還認(rèn)為，“人們賺多少錢，大致反映了他們對(duì)社會(huì)的付出”——又是一種讓雷蒙德安心的想法，但如果我是一名教師，我可能不會(huì)同意。
　　Mr Dalio's philosophy turns out to be a fanatical, fundamentalist version of the American dream. “People get what they deserve in life,” he states – a comforting view when you have made a fortune of about $4bn. He also thinks that “how much money people have earned is a rough measure of how much they gave society what it wanted” – again, a reassuring thought for Ray, though if I were a teacher I might not agree.
　　雷蒙德就這樣將社會(huì)分了類，沉思人性的善惡。他宣稱，任何順應(yīng)現(xiàn)實(shí)的東西都是好的。因此，他解釋道，角馬被鬣狗吃掉是好事，因?yàn)檫@推動(dòng)了進(jìn)化。
　　Having thus sorted society, Mr Dalio muses on the nature of good and evil, arguing that anything in tune with reality is good. Therefore it is good for the wildebeest to be eaten by the hyena, he explains, because that fosters evolution.
　　這種推理的問(wèn)題在于，它不僅讓人懷疑他是否見(jiàn)過(guò)角馬，甚至?xí)岩伤降滓?jiàn)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)人類。大多數(shù)我認(rèn)識(shí)的進(jìn)化人，都不愿成為眾矢之的，就像角馬肯定不愿被撕得支離破碎一樣。