英語文摘的優(yōu)美節(jié)選
英語文摘的優(yōu)美節(jié)選
英語作文的提升其實是很容易的，但是大家一定不可以偷懶哦，小編今天給大家整理了英語的文摘，有需要的同學(xué)可以收藏起來哦，大家快點學(xué)習(xí)起來，行動起來吧同學(xué)們
為什么昆蟲的血是綠色的或是黃色的?
Why Is Insect Blood Green Or Yellow?
為什么昆蟲的血是綠色的或是黃色的?
You’ve probably heard someone use the phrase “blood red,” but have you ever wondered if all blood really is red? For example, think about the bugs you’ve seen splatter against your car’s windshield, leaving behind a clear, yellowish, or greenish liquid. That liquid, is hemolymph, or insect blood.
你可能聽到有些人這樣說“血紅色”，但是你是否想過是不是所有的血都是紅色的?舉個例子，想一想你所見過的臭蟲撞到你汽車的擋風(fēng)玻璃上時，留下一灘清楚的，黃色或是綠色的液體。這種液體是昆蟲的淋巴液，或許是昆蟲的血。
Insect Blood
昆蟲的血液
The blood of an insect functions differently than the blood of a human. In humans, blood gets its red color from hemoglobin, which travels through blood vessels carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Insect blood, however, does not carry gasses and has no hemoglobin. Instead, bugs have a system of tubes that transport gasses directly between their cells and the outside air.
昆蟲血和人類的血在功能上大不相同。對人類來說，血液之所以呈現(xiàn)紅色是因為有血紅蛋白，血紅蛋白通過血管從肺部向全身各處運輸氧氣。而對于昆蟲來說，血液既不會運輸任何氣體，也沒有血紅蛋白，相反地，昆蟲的身體中有一個管路系統(tǒng)，可以直接在細胞核外界空氣中進行氣體運輸
In fact, insects don’t even have blood vessels. Instead there is a hollow space inside their external skeleton in which their blood oozes around. This cavity extends to the antennas, legs, and wing veins. The bug’s heart, a long tube that stretches the length of its body, pushes the blood from the rear end of the insect on forward. The bug may also have little hearts at the ends of its extremities to help move the blood along.
事實上，昆蟲甚至沒有血管，取而代之的是外骨架內(nèi)部的空洞，血液可以在周圍滲出。這種腔體結(jié)構(gòu)延伸至觸角，腿和翅膀。昆蟲的心臟，一條綿延整個身體的長管子，將血液從身體的末端推到前面。昆蟲在四肢處也可能有少許心臟來幫助血液流動。
Pigment
色素
Pumping blood is a slow process: it takes about eight minutes for an insect’s blood to circulate completely. Like human blood, bug blood carries nutrients and hormones to the insect’s cells. The greenish or yellowish color of insect blood comes from the pigments of the plants the bug eats.
泵血是一個緩慢的過程：昆蟲全身血液完全循環(huán)一次大約需要八分鐘。類似于人類血液，昆蟲血液運載營養(yǎng)和激素到昆蟲細胞中。昆蟲血液中的綠色或者黃色來自于昆蟲吃的植物的色素。
美國宇航局教你如何防滑
NASA Wants To Teach You About Hydroplaning
美國宇航局教你如何防滑
What is hydroplaning?
什么是打滑現(xiàn)象?
Hydroplaning happens when a vehicle moves too quickly along a wet road. A layer of water accumulates under the tires; they lift up and lose traction; the driver loses control.
當車輛在潮濕的路面上開得太快時會出現(xiàn)打滑現(xiàn)象。輪胎下聚積的一層水會抬高輪胎，失去附著摩擦力，駕駛員會失去對車輛的控制。
NASA?
美國國家航空航天局?
Now, what does NASA have to do with hydroplaning? Here’s an historical look at the science story. Hydroplaning is a relatively new phenomenon for humans, given that the combination of high speed and smooth pavement that’s necessary has only fairly recently become possible.
美國國家航空航天局與打滑現(xiàn)象有什么關(guān)系呢?我們來看下科學(xué)的歷史。打滑現(xiàn)象對人們來說是相對較新的現(xiàn)象，因為高速和光滑的人行道也是最近相對才有的。
In fact, it wasn’t until 1957 that a tire treadmill study first experimentally demonstrated hydroplaning “in action.” That study was motivated by airplanes. Hydroplaning had been causing a lot of problems for pilots landing on wet runways.
事實上，直到1957年一臺帶輪胎的踏車最先通過試驗演示了打滑現(xiàn)象的存在。那項研究是由飛機引發(fā)的靈感。飛行員降落在潮濕跑道上，打滑現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)給他們造成了大量的問題。
Here’s where NASA comes in. NASA scientists wanted to figure out what hydroplaning was all about. So, they collected a lot of data, and produced a mathematical formula to illustrate how quickly a vehicle could travel on a wet surface before entering hydroplane mode.
這也是NASA介入的原因。NASA科學(xué)家試圖弄明白打滑現(xiàn)象究竟是怎么回事。因此，他們收集了很多數(shù)據(jù)，并且得出一個數(shù)學(xué)公式來說明車輛在潮濕的路面以多快的速度行駛就會打滑。
Safety Tips
安全提示
They published the equation in 1963, along with information about the effects of water depth, paving technique, tire tread, and vehicle weight on hydroplaning risk.
1963年，科學(xué)家們公布了這個數(shù)學(xué)公式，同時告訴大家水的深度、人行道的鋪設(shè)技術(shù)，輪胎面以及車的重量對打滑的影響。
This publication offered several important safety tips. For example, use well-treaded, fully inflated tires; and, don’t slam on the brakes if you skid on wet pavement.
這次信息的公開提供了幾個重要的安全提示。例如，使用較好的輪胎面，完全充氣的輪胎，如果你在潮濕的地面上剎車時，不要用力踩剎車。
These suggestions may sound commonplace, and we now also know that vehicles with anti lock brakes require slightly different hydroplane handling than those without. However, we can thank those NASA scientists from fifty years ago for getting the word out, and helping to keep all drivers–on runways and roads–safer on rainy days.
這些建議似乎是老生常談，我們現(xiàn)在也知道帶防鎖死剎車裝置的車輛處理打滑現(xiàn)象時與沒有該剎車的車輛稍有不同。但無論如何，我們都要感激50年前NASA科學(xué)家們告訴我們打滑現(xiàn)象，使所有跑道和道路上的駕駛員在雨天能更安全行駛。
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