狀語從句的用法如何使用狀語從句(2)
五、原因狀語從句
1. 引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that)等：
They can’t have gone out because the light’s on. 他們不可能出去了，因為燈還亮著。
Since you are going, I will go. 既然你去，我也去。
Now that we are alone, we can speak freely. 現(xiàn)在我們單獨在一起，可以隨便談了。
2. 除以上提到的大家比較熟悉的引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞外，when有時也可引導原因狀語從句，其意“既然”。如：
I can’t tell you when you won't listen. 既然你不想聽，我就不告訴你了。
3. 有關原因狀語從句還應注意以下幾點：
(1) as 與 since, now that 一樣表示雙方都知道的原因，通常位于主句前，且均不可用于強調結構被強調。
(2) 當表示直接的因果關系，回答 why 時，或有 only, just, all, partly, not, but 等副詞修飾時，或用在強調結構中都只能用 because。
(3) for 有時也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，對前一分句加以解釋或推斷。
(4) 不要受漢語意思影響將表示“因為”的連詞與表示“所以”的 so 連用。
六、地點狀語從句
引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有where (在…的地方), wherever(無論什么地方), everywhere(每個…地方), anywhere(任何…地方)。如：
I’m not living where I was. 我不在原處住了。
You can’t camp where [wherever, anywhere] you like these days. 如今你可不能隨便在哪兒宿營。
Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣情況。
2. 有的同學認為地點狀語從句在平時見得不多，誤認為考試不會涉及，但恰恰相反，地點狀語從句卻是英語考試經(jīng)?？疾榈囊粋€知識點。請看以下考題：
(1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where
(2) After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _____ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. there
(4) She found her calculator ______ she lost it.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
以上四題均選where，其意為“在…的地方”，用以引導地點狀語從句。
七、目的狀語從句
1. 引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如：
I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 我租了一條船去釣魚。
Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 帶著雨衣以防下雨。
He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力學習，是為了能通過考試。
2. 引導目的狀語從句的 so that 有時可省so 或 that，即單獨用 so 或 that 來引導目的狀語從句。如：
Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught. 仔細檢查，以便任何錯誤都可檢查出。
Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些，使我能看得清楚些。
八、結果狀語從句
引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有so that, so…that, such…that等。如：
He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他氣得話都說不出來。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他關窗子用力很大，結果玻璃震破了。
注：so…that和such…that中的that有時(尤其在口語中)可省略。
狀語從句的練習題
1.If _________ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. askedB.to askC. askingD. having asked
2.When_________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. askingB. askedC. having askedD.to ask
3. The refugee crisis(難民危機) in Europe, if ________ properly, can lead to serious social problems.
A. not handledB. not being handled
C. not to be handledD. not having been handled
4. This drug is less likely to cause side effects when ________ late in the day.
A. takingB. takenC.to takeD. takes
答案：
1.A 【解析】句意：如果有人讓你看行李，馬上通知警察。結合題干的結構和選項不難看出，此處考查"連詞+非謂語動詞"作狀語的用法，由if可知，此處該結構作條件狀語，ask與句子主語you(已經(jīng)省略)為動賓關系，故只能用asked。其實，if asked…是if you are asked…的省略形式。
2.B 【解析】句意：當被問及對其教學工作的看法時，菲利普說他覺得它很有趣并且非常值得做。分析句子結構可知，When for his views about his teaching job是狀語從句的省略形式。從句的主語和主句主語一致，且從句中含有be動詞，故從句主語和be動詞省略了，又因ask與Philip之間是邏輯上的動賓關系,故用ask的過去分詞形式。
3.A 【解析】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：歐洲的難民危機，如果處理不當?shù)脑?，有可能會導致嚴重的社會問題。if條件句補充完整為"if it is not handled properly"，根據(jù)主從句主語一致，從句中有be動詞，可將從句的主語和be動詞省略原則，該從句可省略it is，故A選項切題。
4.B 【解析】考查狀語從句的省略式。句意：這種藥晚些時候服用更不可能有副作用。這句話使用狀語從句的省略式，完整的句子是when it is taken late in the day，省略主語和be動詞，應用過去分詞。故選B。
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