現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是英語中，動(dòng)詞的一種基本時(shí)態(tài)，但很多學(xué)英語的同學(xué)們?nèi)匀粵]了解清楚其用法，下面就讓學(xué)習(xí)啦小編來告訴你現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法吧。
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(Present perfect continuous)
主語+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞-ing(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)
(一)表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
I have been learning English three years ago.三年以來我一直在學(xué)英語。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
(二)表示在說話時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會(huì)繼續(xù)等)
(三)有些現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。
They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經(jīng)工作五年了。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
(四)大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。
I have been writing a book.(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.他們一直在造一座橋。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
They have built a bridge.他們造了一座橋。(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)
(五)表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
I have known him for years.我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還有：love愛，like喜歡，hate討厭，think想等等。
(六)一些現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子也與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子含義相同
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)中使用，句意相同。例如：
She has slept for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.
She has been sleeping for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.她已經(jīng)睡了6個(gè)小時(shí)，到現(xiàn)在還沒有醒來。
(七)表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的未完成性
It has been raining for 3 days。已經(jīng)下了3天的雨了(現(xiàn)在還沒停止)
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式
I / we / they have been + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本句型
肯定式 第一人稱 have been doing sth.
疑問式 Have 第一人稱 been doing sth.
簡略回答 Yes， 第一人稱 have. No， 第一人稱 haven't.
肯定式 第三人稱 has been doing sth.
疑問式 Has 第三人稱been doing sth.
簡略回答 Yes， 第三人稱has. No， 第三人稱hasn't.
1) 表示一個(gè)在過去開始而在最近剛剛結(jié)束的行動(dòng)，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
2) 表示一個(gè)從過去開始但仍在進(jìn)行的行動(dòng)，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現(xiàn)在還在下)
Jack has been feeling very well recently.
3) 表示一個(gè)從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可以包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一個(gè)階段內(nèi)，重復(fù)發(fā)生的行動(dòng)，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
4) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作行為的結(jié)果、影響，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作行為本身，如：
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
標(biāo)志:1.句中常有延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，2.時(shí)間點(diǎn)前有since。
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