2022全國甲卷英語試卷及答案
高考通過突出思維品質(zhì)考查，強調(diào)獨立思考和創(chuàng)新意識。我們一定要重視高考成績各科分數(shù)，下面是小編為大家收集的關(guān)于2022全國甲卷英語試卷及答案。希望可以幫助大家。
全國甲卷英語試卷及答案
2022 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試
英語
注意事項：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分聽力 ( 共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分 )
做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) ( 共 5 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分 )
聽下面 5 段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的 A 、 B 、 C 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ?19.15. B. ?9.18. C. ?9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Have breakfast.
B. Take a walk.
C. Call his office.
2. What was George doing last night?
A. Having a meeting.
B. Flying home.
C. Working on a project.
3. Why does the man suggest going to the park?
A. It’s big.
B. It’s quiet.
C. It’s new.
4. How does the woman sound?
A. Annoyed.
B. Pleased.
C. Puzzled.
5Where is the man’s table?
A. Near the door.
B. By the window.
C. In the corner.
(答案：1-5 BCBAC)
第二節(jié) ( 共 15 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分 )
聽下面 5 段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的 A 、 B 、 C 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題 5 秒鐘 ; 聽完后，各小題將給出 5 秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、 7 題。
6. What are the speakers going to do tonight?
A. Eat out.
B. Go shopping.
C. Do sports.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary.
B. Hostess and guest.
C. Husband and wife.
(答案：6-7 AC)
聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、 9 題。
8. Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?
A. Their business is slow.
B. The weather is favorable.
C. It’s easy to hire people.
9. How will they handle the moving?
A. Finish it all at once.
B. Have the sales section go first.
C. Do one department at a time.
(答案：8-9 AC)
聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。
10. What did Peter learn from his grandfather?
A. How to appreciate art works.
B. How to deal with artists.
C. How to run a museum.
11. What did Peter do in Chicago?
A. He studied at a college.
B. He served in the army.
C. He worked in a gallery.
12. Whose works did Peter like best?
A. Rembrandt’s.
B. Botticelli’s.
C. Rubens’.
(答案：10-12AAC)
聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。
13. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a library.
B. In a law firm.
C. On a train.
14. By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?
A. March.
B. August.
C. October.
15. Why did John quit his part-time job?
A. He had to catch up with his study.
B. He was offered a better one.
C. He got tired of it.
16. What is Susan’s attitude to John’s problem?
A. Carefree.
B. Understanding.
C. Forgiving.
(答案：13-16CBAB)
聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。
17. What did the speaker do before the year 2012?
A. A fitness coach.
B. A chess player.
C. A marathon runner.
18. Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?
A. He was motivated by Bolt.
B. He broke a world record.
C. He won fifth place.
19. Which is the hardest for the speaker?
A. Getting over an injury.
B. Doing strength training.
C. Representing Botswana.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. His plan to go for the gold.
B. His experience on the track.
C. His love for his home country.
(答案：17-20BCAB)
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分)
第一節(jié)(共 15 小題：每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff’s entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall, St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF 10 1 AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here. If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.
Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF 10 5 BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru’s theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (機會) to do creative things. Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.
Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF 24 4 YE
www.shermancymru.co.uk
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years. Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiff’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.
Park Place, Cardiff CF 10 3 LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1. Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?
A. At the New Theatre
B.At the Glee Club.
C. At Sherman Cymru.
D.At St David’s Hall.
2. What can people do at the Glee Club?
A. Watch musicals.
B.Enjoy comedies.
C. See family shows.
D.Do creative things.
3. Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiff’s oldest surviving theatre?
A. www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
B. www.shermancymru.co.uk
C. www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
D.www.stdavidshalleardiff.co.uk
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了Cardiff當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍﹦≡汉蛫蕵穲鏊?/p>
1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“St David’s Hall”部分中的“St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff (St David’s Hall是Cardiff一年一度的Welsh Proms的舉辦地)”可知，Cardiff的Welsh Proms活動在St David’s Hall舉辦。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“The Glee Club”部分中的“If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here (如果你正在尋找巡演中最好的喜劇和精彩的現(xiàn)場音樂，你應(yīng)該從這里開始)”可知，人們可以在The Glee Club享受喜劇。故選B。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“New Theatre”部分中的“The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicians, dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years (100多年來，New Theatre一直是優(yōu)質(zhì)戲劇、音樂家、舞蹈和兒童節(jié)目的發(fā)源地)”以及其下面的網(wǎng)站“www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk網(wǎng)站找到Cardiff存在最久的劇院。故選A。
B
Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (對稱的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (線索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
4. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?
A. By following instructions.
B.By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around.
D.By removing the lid.
5. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?
A. Using a key to unlock a door.
B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole.
D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
6. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers
B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers
D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (雖然人們不知道這些鳥在野外會使用工具，但事實證明，它們在關(guān)在籠子里時就能熟練地使用工具)”以及“the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting, the correct “keys” would let out the nut. (研究人員給了這些鳥5把形狀各異的“鑰匙”供它們選擇。插入，正確的“鑰匙”會讓堅果出來)”可知，在實驗中，鳳頭鸚鵡是通過使用工具從盒子里取出堅果的。故選B。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age (在人類身上，嬰兒從一歲左右就可以把一個圓形的物品放進一個圓形的洞里)”結(jié)合選項，可知，一歲兒童最有可能完成“將一個球放進一個圓形的洞里”的任務(wù)。故選C。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (根據(jù)研究人員的說法，下一步是嘗試弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依靠視覺線索，還是也使用觸覺來選擇它們的形狀)”可推知，后續(xù)測試的目的是了解鳳頭鸚鵡在測試中是否使用觸覺。故選D。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章第一段“Coffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. (科芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產(chǎn)于大洋洲的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識別能力與兩歲的人類相似)”可推知，本文主要介紹了會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。D項“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters (鳳頭鸚鵡：識別形狀的熟練工)”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選D。
C
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鵝) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(職業(yè)) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
8. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Try challenging things.
B.Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories.
D.Stick to a promise.
9. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?
A. Lovely penguins.
B.Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare.
D.A friend’s invitation.
10. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?
A. It could be a home for her. B.It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
11What is the text mainly about?
A. A childhood dream.
B.An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world.
D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了71歲的Ginni Balinton從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。
【8題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞前文“Throughout her career(職業(yè)) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. (在她的職業(yè)舞蹈演員生涯中，她曾在英國巡演，但一直渴望進一步探索)”和“When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,(當(dāng)她不再跳舞，她的兒子們最終獨立生活)”可知，Ginni在退休和兒子們成家立業(yè)之后，她決定嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。由此推知，劃線詞組take the plunge與try challenging things“嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情”意思接近。故選A。
【9題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tiera del Fuego.(正是在智利，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己可以在最后一刻買到從火地島附近島嶼前往南極洲的廉價船只)”可知，是一張折扣票價讓Ginni決定去南極洲旅行的。故選C。
【10題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.(意識到這是一塊寶貴的土地，應(yīng)該受到人類的尊重，這是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。)”可知，旅行結(jié)束后，Ginni認為南極洲應(yīng)該得到很好的保護。故選C。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71 has had a deep love for travel.(今年71歲的吉妮從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了71歲的Ginni Balinton從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。由此可知，A childhood dream.(童年的夢想)能夠概括文章主旨。故選A。
D
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.“How do you mean?” I asked.“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口號), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解決).”O(jiān)n the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture.
B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development.
D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
13. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A. He goes to work by boat.
B.He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well.
D.He is attached to the old ferries.
14. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A. It is losing its traditions.
B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population.
D. It is becoming more international.
15. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者和悉尼人士的交流介紹了悉尼發(fā)展中面臨的問題。
【12題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世紀60年代初，澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是港口。故選C項。
【13題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30歲出頭的Andrew Reynolds是個快樂的小伙子，他在悉尼擔(dān)任渡輪領(lǐng)航員為生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我會想念這些舊船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (雙體船更快，但它們不那么優(yōu)雅，駕駛起來也不有趣)”可知，渡輪領(lǐng)航員Andrew Reynolds喜歡老式渡船。故選D項。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方歷史學(xué)家Shirley Fitzgerald告訴我，在20世紀70年代奔向現(xiàn)代化的過程中，悉尼把很多它的過去都拋在了一邊，包括許多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald認為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A項。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同時既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當(dāng)我遇到一位深思熟慮的年輕商人Anthony時，我考慮到了這一點)”以及最后一段“He is right (他說得沒錯)”可推知，作者贊同Anthony的觀點，認為一座城市可以同時既年輕又古老。故選A項。
第二節(jié) ( 其 5 小題 ; 每小題 2 分 , 滿分 10 分 )
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (禮節(jié)) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___17___ .
Hands or Utensils ( 餐具 )
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時要知道的一些重要事情。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐時要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時應(yīng)該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯誤)”符合語境，其中“at a restaurant”對應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“When Dining Out”，同時引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無論你在世界的哪個地方)”。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Chopstick Rules ”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (當(dāng)你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了)”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時交叉放置)”講述的也是使用筷子時的注意事項，符合此處語境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故選F。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Hands or Utensils ( 餐具 ) ”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問題。根據(jù)上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認為是非常不禮貌的。法國人希望你每只手拿一個餐具吃飯)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他們的雙手)”可知，此處在講述不同國家就餐時習(xí)慣使用哪只手的問題。由此可知，C項“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人認為用餐具吃飯是不合適的)”符合語境，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Making Requests ”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時提請求的問題。根據(jù)下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，這將是一個嚴重的錯誤，因為這向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠不要要求在食物中添加額外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些國家，用餐時提出要求是很無禮的。由此可知，G項“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃飯時要鹽和胡椒看似很簡單)”符合此處語境，其中“request”是關(guān)鍵詞，說明，在用餐時提出一些我們看來很平常的要求在某些國家是無禮的。故選G。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就會對它的外國文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此處指在一個國家待得越久，就會越習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗，且此處是“the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某個國家待的時間越長)”符合文意，引出下文。故選B。
第三部分 語言知識運用 ( 共兩節(jié) , 滿分 45 分 )
第一節(jié) ( 共 20 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分 )
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___21___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___22___ . When I first dated Steve, I ___23___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___24___ that he was an animal lover, I ___25___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___26___ , the cat.The next week we ___27___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___28___ , Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___29___ ? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. _____30_____ , I began to fall for him.We _____31_____ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her _____32_____ . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly _____33_____ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve _____34_____ his house. All worked _____35_____ . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, _____36_____ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team _____37_____ for Tilly. We made good housemates.A year later, much to my _____38_____ , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I _____39_____ him to. That’s only for giving _____40_____ to the dogs that brought us together.
21.A.ownership B.membership
C.companionship D.leadership
22.A.reservations B.expectations
C.confidence D.prejudice
23.A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.learned
24.A.unsatisfied B.amused
C.terrified D.thrilled
25.A.predicted B.worried
C.regretted D.insisted
26.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly
27.A.tied B.walked C.bathed D.fed
28.A.breath B.balance
C.attention D.imagination
29.A.calm B.sure C.soon D.real
30.A.By the way
B.In that case
C.By all means
D.In that moment
31.A.continued B.decided
C.intended D.pretended
32.A.eye B.tail C.ear D.leg
33.A.secretly B.constantly
C.eventually D.unwillingly
34.A.left B.sold C.suggested D.searched
35.A.late B.hard C.fine D.free
36.A.emptied B.respected
C.occupied D.discovered
37.A.looking B.caring
C.waiting D.calling
38.A.delight B.credit
C.interest D.disadvantage
39.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid
40.A.toys B.awards C.food D.water
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者認為你可以從一個男人對待他的狗的方式來了解他很多，作者多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起，去年開始和擁有貓狗的史蒂夫約會，但有所保留，因為一次遛狗時史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者漸漸對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，在之后的接觸中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顧作者的愛犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的陪伴幾乎足以讓我遠離孤獨。A. ownership所有權(quán);B. membership會員;C. companionship陪伴;D. leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年來，我喜歡和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴著作者，讓作者遠離孤獨。故選C項。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我開始約會，但有所保留。A. reservations保留;B. expectations期望;C. confidence信心;D. prejudice偏見。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗時，因為史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者才對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出剛開始約會時，因為不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者還是有所保留的。故選A項。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會時，我得知他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓。A. feared恐懼;B. doubted懷疑;C. hoped希望;D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會時)”和常識可知，第一次約會會得知對方相關(guān)情況，作者從而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只貓。故選D項。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓Flora。A. unsatisfied不滿意的;B. amused愉快的;C. terrified害怕的;D. thrilled刺激的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一個動物愛好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一個動物愛好者，多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起的作者應(yīng)該是感到愉快高興。故選B項。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓Flora。A. predicted預(yù)測;B. worried擔(dān)心;C. regretted后悔;D. insisted堅持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓)”可知，作者認為三條狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能會攻擊史蒂夫的貓，針對這種情況，作者是擔(dān)憂的。故選B項。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉;B. Chance機會;C. Molly莫莉;D. Tilly蒂莉。選項指的是文中動物名詞。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓)”可知，此處指作者擔(dān)心自己的狗可能會攻擊史蒂夫的貓Flora。故選A項。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二周，我們一起遛狗。A. tied系;B. walked牽著(動物)走;C. bathed沐浴;D. fed喂養(yǎng)。由本處的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我們的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故選B項。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們停下來休息時，史蒂夫單膝跪下。A. breath呼吸;B. balance平衡;C. attention注意力;D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一個炎熱的日子。當(dāng)我們停下)”可知，那天很熱，遛狗的二人停下來休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口氣)。故選A項。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也喜歡他，但這么快?A. calm冷靜的;B. sure確定的;C. soon很快的;D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚嗎)”可知，二人才認識兩周，作者以為史蒂夫要向自己求婚，認為進展太快了。故選C項。
【30題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我開始愛上他。A. By the way順便說一句;B. In that case那樣的話;C. By all means務(wù)必;D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感。故選D項。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們繼續(xù)約會，雖然我們都沒有提到未來。A. continued繼續(xù);B. decided決定;C. intended打算;D. pretended假裝。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出二人會繼續(xù)約會。故選A項。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手術(shù)。A. eye眼睛;B. tail尾巴;C. ear耳朵;D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我擔(dān)心Tilly爬樓梯會重新打開傷口)”可知，作者擔(dān)心爬樓會影響Tilly的傷口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手術(shù)。故選D項。
【33題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我一天帶狗出去四次，我擔(dān)心Tilly不斷地爬樓梯會重新打開傷口。A. secretly秘密地;B. constantly不斷地;C. eventually最終;D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天帶狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天帶狗出去四次，可得出狗狗(包括Tilly)要不斷地爬樓梯。故選B項。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫離開了他的房子。A. left離開;B. sold賣;C. suggested建議;D. searched搜尋。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，二人成為室友，可得出史蒂夫離開了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故選A項。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的;B. hard困難的;C. fine好的;D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (這三條狗組成了一個團隊)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我組成了一個好團隊)”“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相處友好，作者和史蒂夫相處也友好，可得出一切都好。故選C項。
【36題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個團隊，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間;史蒂夫和我組成了一個照顧Tilly的好團隊。A. emptied清空;B. respected尊重;C. occupied占據(jù);D. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能會攻擊貓)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (這三條狗組成了一個團隊，在訓(xùn)練下)”可知，起初作者擔(dān)心自己的狗會攻擊史蒂夫的貓Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相處友好，可得出在訓(xùn)練下，狗不會去攻擊貓，結(jié)合動物的領(lǐng)地意識可知，此處指狗尊重貓的空間。故選B項。
【37題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個團隊，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間;史蒂夫和我組成了一個照顧Tilly的好團隊。A. looking看;B. caring照顧;C. waiting等待;D. calling打電話。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手術(shù))”可知，作者的狗Tilly做過手術(shù)，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顧術(shù)后康復(fù)的Tilly。故選B項。
38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高興的是，這個男人拿出一個帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高興;B. credit信用;C. interest興趣;D. disadvantage缺點。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (這個男人拿出一個帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者應(yīng)該是感到高興。故選A項。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求;B. trust信任;C. need需要;D. aid幫助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他沒有跪下)”和常識可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫沒有下跪，作者對此并不在意，因為作者不需要他下跪。故選C項。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是給愛犬喝水的舉動把我們帶到一起。A. toys玩具;B. awards獎勵;C. food食物;D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗。我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，所以是“給愛犬喝水”的舉動讓二人走到了一起。故選D項。
第二節(jié) ( 共 10 小題 : 每小題 1.5 分 , 滿分 15 分 )
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路線) by foot.On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】41. to journey
42. who43. held 44. A
45. protection
46. meaningful
47. has walked
48. highest
49. from50. planning
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一個失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一帶一路的事情。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，journey為動詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語。故填to journey。
【42題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8歲時因一次車禍失明的男子曹盛康穿過了三個省的40個城市和縣。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為Cao Shengkang，指人，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。
【43題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：受到在北京舉行的“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇的啟發(fā)，曹決定徒步穿越這條路線，以向古代絲綢之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有謂語動詞decided，所以hold應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，hold與cooperation之間為邏輯動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動。故填held。
【44題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：他的一位朋友吳凡在旅行中自愿成為他的同伴。根據(jù)句意可知，此處泛指“他的一個朋友”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，friend以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a，空處位于句首，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：曹和吳還沿路收集垃圾，以促進環(huán)境保護。根據(jù)句意和空前的形容詞environmental可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞protection，作賓語，protection表示“保護”時，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填protection。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：曹認為這將使這次徒步旅行更加有意義。此處是make復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用形容詞meaningful，作賓語補足語。故填meaningful。
【47題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在過去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34個國家，2016年，他到達了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)時間狀語in the last five years可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語Cao為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用has。故填has walked。
【48題詳解】
考查形容詞最高級。句意：在過去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個國家，2016年，他到達了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)空前Africa’s可知，此處表示乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山脈，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級。故填highest。
【49題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計劃在五個月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。根據(jù)句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此處表示“從西安飛往喀什”，應(yīng)用介詞from，固定搭配from…to…表示“從……到……”。故填from。
【50題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計劃在五個月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有謂語動詞flew，所以動詞plan(計劃)應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，plan與主語He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動。故填planning。
第四部分 寫作 ( 共兩節(jié) , 滿分 35 分 )
第一節(jié) 短文改錯 ( 共 10 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分 )
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school. He showed me how his medical instruments was used. I felt so closely to him. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it. One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations. With the efforts made by all sides, we began to understand each other better.
【答案】1.去掉my
2was→were
3.closely→close
4.become→became
5.talk前面加to
6.stay→staying
7.too→so
8.what→how
9.or→and
10.all→both
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了作者在成長過程中和父親之間關(guān)系的變化及處理分歧的過程。
【詳解】1.考查短語。句意：當(dāng)我不上學(xué)時，我的爸爸經(jīng)常帶我去他的醫(yī)院。off school為固定短語，表示“不在上學(xué)時”，school前面不加任何限定詞。故將my去掉。
2.考查主謂一致。句意：他向我展示他的醫(yī)療器械是如何使用的。主語instruments為復(fù)數(shù)形式，全文為一般過去時，be動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式were。故將was改為were。
3.考查形容詞。句意：我對他感覺如此親近。felt為系動詞，后面用形容詞作表語，表示“親近的”，closely為副詞，此處用close。故將closely改為close。
4.考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：然而，在我上了高中之后，不知怎么的，我開始疏遠他。全文用一般過去時，動詞become應(yīng)改為過去式became。故將become改為became。
5.考查短語。句意：我不愿意和他交談，經(jīng)常違反他讓我不要在外面待到很晚的規(guī)定。be willing to do意思為：愿意做，為固定短語。故在talk前面加to。
6.考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。of為介詞，后面的動詞stay用動名詞形式staying作賓語。故將stay改為staying。
7.考查狀語從句。句意：這分歧如此尖銳，以至于他和我都不知道如何解決它。固定句型“so…that…”譯為“如此……以至于……”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。故將too改為so。
8.考查副詞。句意同上。此處為“疑問副詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)來做動詞knew的賓語。結(jié)合句意，此處表達“如何解決它”，settle it為動賓關(guān)系，此處缺少方式狀語，用how。故將what改為how。
9.考查并列連詞。句意：一天，他和我交談，并且希望修補我們的關(guān)系。根據(jù)語境，“talked with me”與“hoped to mend our relations”為順承、遞進關(guān)系，用and連接。故將or改為and。
10.考查限定詞。句意：在兩方的努力下，我們開始更好地理解對方。結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示作者和父親雙方，用both修飾sides，表示兩方，all用于三者及以上。故將all改為both。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(滿分 25 分)
52. 你校將以六月八日世界海洋日為主題，舉辦英語征文比賽，請你寫一篇短文投稿。
內(nèi)容包括：
1. 海洋的重要性;
2. 保護海洋的倡議。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
When it comes to ocean, its pollution is becoming more and more serious. World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.Ocean plays a key role in our world. Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature. Thus, it is imperative to protect ocean. First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions. For example, garbage can’t be thrown into ocean. What’s more, we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean. The more people are involved, the better the ocean environment is.All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting ocean. To protect ocean is to protect ourselves.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，就世界海洋日為主題向英文征文比賽投稿，闡述海洋的重要性并提出一些建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
越來越：more and more→increasingly
重視：place importance on→attach importance to
重要的：key→significant
此外：what’s more→furthermore
2句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
拓展句：World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
【點睛】[高分句型1]Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature.(運用了部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))
[高分句型2]When it comes to ocean, its pollution becoming more and more serious.(使用了固定句型)
[高分句型3]First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions.(使用了主語從句)
高招志愿填報中需要了解的九個基本點
1. 錄取批次之間關(guān)系
由于招生學(xué)校在客觀上存在差異，根據(jù)國家教育部的有關(guān)文件精神，實行分批錄取的方法，分為提前錄取、第一批錄取、第二批錄取、藝術(shù)類高職、?？其浫?。
(1)提前錄取的院校，指軍事院校、公安部所屬院校和少量國家教育部特批的院校、藝術(shù)院校及招收藝術(shù)專業(yè)的院校、體育院校及招收體育專業(yè)的院校。
(2)第一批錄取的院校，指全國的重點本科院校、進入“211”工程的院校和經(jīng)批準的少量一般本科院校。
(3)第二批錄取的院校，一般本科院校。
(4)藝術(shù)類高職錄取院校。
(5)?？其浫〉脑盒?，指全國(含北京市)的?？祁愒盒：驼惺諏？茖W(xué)生的本科院校。
在錄取中，以上每批錄取院校之間按批次順序錄取，互不影響，只有上一批結(jié)束后，才能開始進行下一批錄取。
同批次錄取院校在同一時間進行本校的錄取工作;不同院校由于所報志愿的考生多少及分數(shù)高低不同，自然導(dǎo)致同批錄取院校所謂志愿“梯度”關(guān)系，這是考生需要注意的。因為招生學(xué)校只有在審核完上一志愿報考該校的考生檔案，并確定該校的錄取狀態(tài)(錄取結(jié)束、檔案數(shù)與計劃數(shù)持平或該志愿生源不足)時，才能確定是否調(diào)閱下一志愿報考該校并且未被上一志愿所報學(xué)校錄取的考生檔案。也就是說，同批次院校間的所謂志愿“梯度”，是由于考生志愿情況自然形成的。
2.高招錄取的一般流程
高招錄取流程一般包括七個環(huán)節(jié)：
(1)投檔，網(wǎng)上錄取——市高招辦通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)將考生電子檔案信息傳送到招生院校計算機管理系統(tǒng)中，投檔比例一般不高于120%，招生學(xué)校審閱考生電子檔案決定錄取與否，電子檔案包括考生登記表、體檢表及綜合信息。
(2)高校招辦閱檔——高校在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)從網(wǎng)上下載考生的電子檔案信息并閱讀。
(3)預(yù)錄及補錄——高校根據(jù)考生的成績排名和專業(yè)志愿進行預(yù)錄和預(yù)退，考生檔案在計算機的控制下，處于同一批次所有招生學(xué)校在同一時間里，都審錄同一志愿的考生檔案，即同批錄取學(xué)校都先審錄第一志愿，結(jié)束后再同時審錄二志愿考生檔案，以此類推。結(jié)果通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳給市高招辦。
(4)錄檢——市高招辦對結(jié)果進行檢查審核，如同意則確認錄取結(jié)束，有異議則傳回高校商請復(fù)議，直至結(jié)果雙方都接受，再確認錄取結(jié)束。如需二次投檔比例一般控制在100%。
(5)補錄——在錄取工作中，會出現(xiàn)一些院?；?qū)I(yè)不能滿足招生計劃，還有一些線上考生因填報志愿不合理而未被錄取的情況。對此，在各批次錄取結(jié)束時，如高等學(xué)校計劃未完成，根據(jù)情況將重新征集考生志愿。
(6)打單——市高招辦打印《錄取考生信息確認表》、新生花名冊，加蓋市高招辦錄取專用章后郵寄給高校。
(7)通知——高校填寫《錄取通知書》，與《錄取考生信息確認表》一起通過郵局寄給考生本人。
3. 平行志愿錄取方式的說明
“平行志愿”的核心原則是“分數(shù)優(yōu)先”，是相對于過去傳統(tǒng)的“志愿優(yōu)先”錄取原則而言的，在市高招辦層面操作。在過去的傳統(tǒng)錄取方式中，高校居于錄取的中心地位，將所有報考該院校的上線考生按批次及志愿順序依次錄取，而在新的平行志愿錄取方式下，是以考生為中心，按高考總分排名順序，依次檢索上線考生填報的各個志愿，直至被對應(yīng)高校錄取后方轉(zhuǎn)為檢索錄取下一名考生，所以平行志愿表面看是高校錄取原則的改變，實際背后體現(xiàn)了對考生利益的尊重。該錄取方法的實行大大降低了上線考生落榜的風(fēng)險，但可能對國內(nèi)非一線名校招收高分考生造成更多限制，利益博弈，年高考中局部試行了平行志愿填報。在年高考中仍局部施行，本科一批院校第二志愿采取平行志愿錄取方式，考生可同時選擇3所高校，雖然受益考生不超過上線人數(shù)的15%，但畢竟已是一大進步;今年?？婆螌⑷娣砰_實行完全平行志愿填報及錄取方式，俗稱“大平行”，這也符合國家高考改革中的“低端放開”思路。
需要提醒的是，平行志愿是按填報順序依次檢索，上線落榜的可能性大大降低，所以應(yīng)注意志愿及專業(yè)由高到低的填寫順序，同時因采取順序檢索僅投檔一次的方式錄取，一旦遭到退檔該批次就會落榜，所以在專業(yè)及學(xué)校選擇上仍需慎重。
4. 志愿填報指導(dǎo)的三位老師——《招生目錄》、《招生章程》、《錄取統(tǒng)計資料》
以上三套資料是高考志愿填報最重要的參考依據(jù)，必須認真研讀。
《高校招生專業(yè)目錄》是填報志愿的唯一依據(jù)和權(quán)威參考，內(nèi)容要點包括：在京招生各高校的詳細專業(yè)和人數(shù)、學(xué)校代號(個別院校可能較去年有調(diào)整)、收費標(biāo)準等;
《招生章程》是了解目標(biāo)高校信息最重要的途徑之一，內(nèi)容包括學(xué)校名稱、辦學(xué)性質(zhì)、地址、主管部門、收費標(biāo)準、辦學(xué)類型及層次，還有家長學(xué)生必須了解的招生政策，比如加分政策、限報專業(yè)說明等等。
《錄取統(tǒng)計資料》匯編了過去三年各高校在京錄取分數(shù)詳細分布情況，是考生選報高校及專業(yè)的直接依據(jù)，主要內(nèi)容包括07—09三年北京市高考各批次錄取控制線、各高校各專業(yè)各志愿錄取結(jié)果的各分數(shù)段人數(shù)分布情況等。
在志愿選擇過程中，各資料應(yīng)配合使用，常用方法為結(jié)合自身高考成績預(yù)估和興趣參考《錄取統(tǒng)計資料》初步篩選各批次目標(biāo)高校，要注意第一第二志愿報考及錄取人數(shù)以估算我們的命中幾率，還要留意高校錄取分數(shù)分布情況中的極高極低分數(shù)往往屬于特殊情況，不具有參考價值，期間應(yīng)對比今年的《招生專業(yè)目錄》查看目標(biāo)高校各專業(yè)招生人數(shù)有無大的起伏，這將關(guān)系到今年錄取分數(shù)的可能變化，然后翻閱《招生章程》詳細了解學(xué)校信息及專業(yè)特點，縮小目標(biāo)范圍，循環(huán)反復(fù)直至精確圈定志愿目標(biāo)。
5.自身成績定位的基本方法
自身成績的評估定位是我們填報志愿的基本前提，必須確保相對準確。每年有大量考生“低分高報”和“高分低報”的原因，就是在對自己高考實力的判定出現(xiàn)了失誤。判定高考實力的基本原則應(yīng)該是以考生的校、區(qū)排名作為基準，決不能輕易用某次考試的絕對分數(shù)值估計，更不能一廂情愿地指望高考時能超常發(fā)揮。
我們評估高考實力的基本參考數(shù)據(jù)是各區(qū)縣的一二?？荚嚦煽?，一般來講是一模給壓力，相對偏難;二模給信心，相對偏易。一模試題在難度、區(qū)分度、知識點、熱點等方面的把握上更接近高考，但由于距離高考還有兩個月時間，學(xué)生變化較大，考生要認真分析哪一次模擬考試的成績更接近自己的真實水平。各區(qū)縣在一模二模后都要統(tǒng)計分數(shù)，給出相當(dāng)于去年一本、二本、三本線的分數(shù)，你就可以大體推算出在區(qū)里的位置，需要注意的是很多區(qū)縣往往由教研中心和高招辦分別給出劃線，高招辦劃線以錄取情況預(yù)估為目的，教研中心以預(yù)期激勵為目標(biāo)，所以高招辦劃線的更偏向當(dāng)時的實際水平。
簡單辦法就以一二模成績相對區(qū)縣劃線距離為參考，對比去年錄取控制線粗略判定成績可能相當(dāng)于去年高考所屬區(qū)間，結(jié)合《三年錄取統(tǒng)計資料》選擇志愿，一二模權(quán)重各50%。資料齊備的區(qū)縣考生可以根據(jù)一二模成績在所在區(qū)縣(或全市)的排名，對比去年高考本區(qū)縣(或全市)分數(shù)排名分布情況判定此成績相當(dāng)于去年哪個分數(shù)段，相對精準的確定高考水平。如果考生可以拿到近幾年各高校在本區(qū)縣錄取結(jié)果的人數(shù)及分數(shù)分布情況，則可更加精準的定位。考生也可參加其他區(qū)縣統(tǒng)考進一步判定修正自己的成績位置。
另外要注意，不要指望“附加分”取勝。各高校是按計入附加分的總分投檔，但進檔考生錄取專業(yè)時是按實考分排序、分專業(yè)的。若高校按招生計劃的120%提檔，最終被退檔的很可能是靠附加分進檔的考生，所以按實考分報志愿才有把握。
6. 志愿填報院校優(yōu)先還是專業(yè)優(yōu)先
對于高分考生而言，建議志愿選擇上優(yōu)先側(cè)重名校，比如可以選擇一所綜合性研究型大學(xué)，專業(yè)可以偏于基礎(chǔ)，畢業(yè)后再確定發(fā)展方向。這實際上是通過四年本科學(xué)習(xí)，在一個更高的平臺上做出新的發(fā)展選擇。學(xué)校背景對學(xué)生非常重要，用人單位將來評估員工潛質(zhì)往往是根據(jù)第一學(xué)歷就讀院校判斷，而名校接受大企業(yè)招聘的機會也會較多，而有些特殊行業(yè)限制更多，如衛(wèi)生部部屬大醫(yī)院一般不會招收地方醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)生的。
重點本科中間段的大部分學(xué)生。應(yīng)學(xué)校與專業(yè)并重，比較理想的是選擇專門院校的主體專業(yè)。學(xué)校與專業(yè)不能兼顧時，如果以選擇學(xué)校為主，專業(yè)要盡量靠近學(xué)校的主體專業(yè)，或是社會需求量大的專業(yè);如果以選擇專業(yè)為主，就要綜合考慮學(xué)校的整體情況，專業(yè)最好是自己感興趣或畢業(yè)后找工作時有優(yōu)勢的專業(yè)。
一般本科范圍內(nèi)的大部分學(xué)生。要優(yōu)先考慮專業(yè)，其次考慮學(xué)校。這是因為一般本科院校中，除少數(shù)專門院校及原來隸屬國家部委的學(xué)校外，其他大部分學(xué)校整體水平接近。這部分學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)成績雖在同一水平上，但努力程度、學(xué)習(xí)潛力、興趣特點均可能不同，選擇適合于自己潛質(zhì)的專業(yè)，會給個人留下更大的發(fā)展空間，起點相近而未來發(fā)展差異巨大的例子不勝枚舉，所以專業(yè)的選擇比學(xué)校的選擇更重要。
準備接受高職教育的學(xué)生。應(yīng)主要以專業(yè)作為填報志愿的出發(fā)點。職業(yè)教育以就業(yè)為導(dǎo)向、以技能培訓(xùn)為基礎(chǔ)，因此，考生要從選擇職業(yè)角度出發(fā)選擇專業(yè)。在選擇時要注意兩點：一是有的專業(yè)雖然很熱，但就業(yè)面卻較窄，只有一、二個行業(yè)需要，而有的專業(yè)廣泛分布于多個行業(yè)，就業(yè)面較寬。二是充分考慮本人的興趣及潛能，對于一線的技能性崗位，如果考生始終抱有足夠興趣，工作能力、生活習(xí)慣適合崗位需要，不僅可以更好地勝任工作，而且會有更好的職業(yè)發(fā)展空間。
7. 留意因體檢結(jié)果而導(dǎo)致的專業(yè)限報
考生在填報高考志愿時需參照《普通高等學(xué)校招生體檢工作指導(dǎo)意見》和《學(xué)校招生章程》來填報?！扼w檢指導(dǎo)意見》分四大部分對考生填報的志愿學(xué)校和專業(yè)進行了限制，第一部分是“患有哪些疾病不可報考”，第二部分是“患有哪些疾病，學(xué)校有關(guān)專業(yè)不予錄取”，第三部分是“患有哪些疾病不宜就讀的專業(yè)”，第四部分是部隊、公安院校和一些新學(xué)科所規(guī)定的標(biāo)準。填報志愿時考生和家長要讀懂《體檢指導(dǎo)意見》，并根據(jù)所選院校和專業(yè)認真查閱《學(xué)校招生章程》的相關(guān)規(guī)定。(不同院校(專業(yè))對考生的身體條件有不同的要求，體檢結(jié)束后，體檢建議會告訴考生本人。從往年情況看，體檢完全合格、專業(yè)不受限的只有少數(shù)人，絕大多數(shù)考生報考時專業(yè)受限。限報專業(yè)的最主要原因是視力，其次是身高，再次是色覺異常。因此，體檢合格但存在限報專業(yè)的考生在報志愿時，一定要避開限報的專業(yè)，要注意《學(xué)校招生章程》中對考生身體條件的要求，否則錄取時會因身體條件而遭淘汰?？忌鷮ψ约后w檢情況的把握只能嚴，不能松，不能存有僥幸心理。如果因為身體條件導(dǎo)致錯失第一志愿，影響將難以彌補的損失。
8. 上線落榜情況歸類
每年均有不少考生因各種原因上線卻最終落榜，一般有以下五個主要原因：
政策性落選：部分上線考生因招生計劃限制而未被錄取;
填報志愿失誤：所填報學(xué)校的投檔線太高，成績未達投檔線;
專業(yè)志愿填報失誤：部分分數(shù)較高的考生全部填報熱門、緊俏專業(yè)又不服從專業(yè)調(diào)劑，高校無法滿足其填報的專業(yè)志愿;
身體原因落選：填報了因身體條件不能錄取的專業(yè)志愿;
相關(guān)科目成績低：高考成績達到了學(xué)校的投檔線，但某一門單科成績太低，或者與填報專業(yè)相關(guān)科目的成績沒有達到學(xué)校要求。
9. 招生計劃未完成的降分錄取與志愿征集
在錄取工作中，會出現(xiàn)一些院校或?qū)I(yè)不能滿足招生計劃，還有一些線上考生因填報志愿不合理而未被錄取的情況。對此，在各批次錄取結(jié)束時，如高等學(xué)校計劃未完成，高校一般會有如下做法：
對已經(jīng)達到該批次最低控制分數(shù)線且有該校第一志愿的考生降分補錄;
對已經(jīng)達到該批次最低控制分數(shù)線且有該校第二志愿的考生降分補錄;
如仍未完成招生計劃將通過教育考試院網(wǎng)站公開剩余計劃征集志愿，電話或者網(wǎng)上填報;
如生源仍不足的高校將有可能進一步降分錄取。
2022全國甲卷英語試卷及答案相關(guān)文章：